■ A magnificent 70-year struggle, a new era, and educational endeavor.
The canteen with bright kitchen, flush toilet, hot bath, weekly washing, 24-hour boiling water, and dormitory "water heating and electric heating" are guaranteed … … In the past, such conditions were almost extravagant for children in rural schools, but today, extravagant hopes have become a reality in rural boarding schools in Changzhi City, Shanxi Province.
In recent years, Changzhi City has actively built a standardized construction system for rural compulsory education boarding schools, and established an operating mechanism with rules to follow. From 2017 to 2018, the city invested a total of 437 million yuan to complete the task of standardizing the construction of 381 rural boarding schools, and achieved the comprehensive standard of six facilities of food, accommodation, toilet, washing, drinking and heating in rural schools in the city, and a number of boarding schools with their own characteristics emerged.
In May 2018, at the press conference held by the Ministry of Education to interpret the Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Strengthening the Construction of Small-scale Rural Schools and Township Boarding Schools in an All-round Way, Changzhi Education Bureau, as the only representative of cities in China, exchanged experiences, and Changzhi became a typical rural boarding school construction in China.
The dormitory is warm, the food is fragrant, and the poetry is long.
The sun shines into the room through the bright window, the quilt is folded with edges and corners, the sheets are laid flat, and the towels are in a line … … Walking into the dormitory of Baichi Mingde School in Huguan County, I feel the neatness of barracks and the warmth of home.
At the beginning of the standardization construction of rural boarding schools, Changzhi City first targeted at the "fragmentation" problems such as multi-disciplinary tasks overlapping and multi-head management in the original standardization construction management system, integrated and reorganized the functions of basic education, finance and equipment centers related to standardization construction, set up a municipal student service management center, and approved the establishment of six people to be responsible for the standardization construction of rural compulsory education boarding schools. In 2017, all the special management institutions were improved at the city and county levels, and posts, people and responsibilities were fixed. At the same time, the "Standards for Toilets, Drinking Water, Bathing and Heating in Rural Compulsory Education Schools in Changzhi City" was issued, which clarified the standards in terms of building layout, equipment and facilities, health management and safety management. The management methods of school dormitories and the standardized management manual of student dormitories were issued, which provided the basis and standard for the construction of boarding schools.
In order to ensure that students in boarding schools eat well and eat safely, Changzhi City has set strict access standards for "two personnel" and "two thresholds" for bulk food procurement, and jointly issued the Access System for School Canteen Service Personnel and Apartment Management Personnel and the List of Enterprises Recommended by Bidding for Rural Compulsory Education Schools with the Food and Drug Administration and CDC. By means of "written test+skill test+physical examination+certificate access", 2,143 qualified personnel were recruited and 738 unqualified personnel were retired. By adopting the method of "theoretical training+practical operation+skill evaluation+issuing grade certificates", everyone has been certified to work. 88 food enterprises were inspected and 40 were selected by means of public inspection and bidding; Twelve catering service enterprises were inspected, and nine were selected, and all the audited qualified food enterprises, catering enterprises and "two-member" directories were entered into the electronic management platform of student service, which realized the openness and transparency of food bidding, enterprise access and personnel recruitment.
Baichi Mingde School, located in Baichi Town, Huguan County, is a nine-year compulsory school in rural areas. Baichi Mingde School refines the relevant regulations of Changzhi City into "678" management system in canteen management, and "6" means six ones: "Don’t repeat the sample every day of the week, add a little for three meals a day, one or two meats a day, one egg a day, one bag of milk a day and one fruit a day"; "7" means "7 passes" for purchasing, warehousing, storage, warehousing, processing, sample retention and disinfection; "8" means that eight kinds of ingredients, such as non-supplied ingredients, three no, expired and moldy, are not allowed to enter the restaurant. The reporter noted that the standardization of catering, food safety, standardized management and balanced nutrition have become the normal management of the dining halls in Changzhi boarding schools.
"mountains cover the white sun, and oceans drain the golden river, but you widen your view three hundred miles, by going up one flight of stairs" … … Every morning and afternoon during recess exercises, more than 1,300 teachers and students of the whole school recite ancient poems to the beat of music on the playground. The scene is spectacular. In order to carry forward the excellent Chinese traditional culture, Baichi Mingde School has compiled 600 ancient poems into six sets of rhythmic exercises, each with 100 poems. The combination of chanting poems and doing exercises has really played a role in fitness and heart-building.
"We must not only let the children in the village eat well and live well, but also let the children learn well and receive a better education." Li Jianqing, the principal of the school, introduced that the school has also implemented the weekend parents’ public lectures system, which allows parents to participate in the classroom, pay attention to their children’s growth, make specific suggestions, and promote the continuous improvement of teaching quality.
In recent years, more and more parents around have chosen Baichi Mingde School. When the school first enrolled students, there were only 260 students and 7 classes. Now there are 1349 students and 30 classes. Baichi Mingde School has become a "good school" repeatedly praised by local parents, and its teaching quality has ranked first in the county for 10 consecutive years. In 2013, it won the "National Advanced Collective of Education System".
On the pitch, in class, teenagers are busy chasing dreams.
Emergency stop, dribbling, passing, shooting … … When the reporter came to the primary school in Weizi Town, Lucheng District, it was during the break time. A group of boys were playing football on the clean and tidy green plastic playground, defending and attacking, and playing well.
Weak physical education teaching is a common problem in schools at present. In order to make up for the shortcomings, Changzhi City clearly stipulates that all schools should open their schools in physical education class. Physical education and health courses should be held for four hours a week in the first and second grades of primary schools, three hours a week in the third to sixth grades and junior high schools, and two hours a week in senior high schools. It is strictly forbidden to crowd out, so as to ensure that every student can master at least one sports skill. Moreover, in order to give full play to the guiding role of senior high school entrance examination in strengthening students’ physical exercise, Changzhi City adjusted the policy of senior high school entrance examination, and adjusted the sports score of senior high school entrance examination from 50 to 70, which effectively promoted the development of school sports activities.
In recent years, with the continuous efforts of the state in campus football work and the great improvement of the conditions for running boarding schools in rural areas, more and more schools in Changzhi City regard football as the first choice for sports activities, and more and more students fall in love with football. "Campus Football" is a characteristic project of Weizi Town Primary School in Lucheng District, and is listed as a compulsory course. In 2016, the school established a school football team and a class football team above grade three, and actively promoted the "one-day routine" and implemented a class league, with remarkable results.
The enrollment scope of Weizi Town Primary School includes 28 natural villages in the town. At present, there are 478 students and 16 teaching classes. The national regulations provide comprehensive courses, and more than 10 elective courses such as vocal music, instrumental music, dance, calligraphy, painting, 3D printing, robotics and chess are offered.
"It is no longer the extravagant hope of peasant children to enjoy fair and quality education, and the characteristic projects of rural boarding schools are constantly presented, so that rural education can achieve better and faster development." Shi Xiaowen, the principal of the school, said that the school is vigorously developing new courses, building new classrooms, and constructing a basic model of cooperative learning classroom teaching with "self-study moving forward and display as the mainstay". In the third grade, the school introduced e-books and tried smart classroom experiments. From grade one to grade six, the Chinese subject learning experiment was introduced to completely change the traditional Chinese classroom teaching mode.
In Changzhi, "implementing the reconstruction project of stadiums and facilities in primary and secondary schools" is included in the government’s practical work, which is guaranteed in terms of funds and systems. In 2018, there were 61 new football venues in the city, including 26 primary schools, 31 junior high schools and 4 senior high schools. At present, all kinds of schools at all levels in Changzhi City generally offer football courses, and 76 schools have been approved as "National Campus Football Characteristic Schools". Basketball, table tennis, fancy rope skipping and other colorful sports activities are also widely carried out in Changzhi Boarding School.
In the fields, beside the fruit trees, the songs of labor are singing.
In the process of promoting the standardization construction of rural compulsory education boarding schools, Changzhi City strongly advocates labor education, actively encourages schools to create characteristic campuses according to local conditions, explicitly requires students to carry out practical activities such as production practice, innovative education, research and study trips for one week every year to promote students’ all-round development, and at the same time lists innovative practice as one of the five dimensions to evaluate students’ comprehensive quality, emphasizing that labor education in rural boarding schools highlights "agricultural flavor" and trains students to know, know and love agriculture from an early age.
"Everyone loves tomatoes. They can make soup and cook … …” After picking, the students of Xizhuang Primary School in Shangdang District sang songs and tasted the tomatoes planted by themselves, full of joy.
Xizhuang Primary School is located in Xishenjiazhuang Village, Sudian Town, Shangdang District. The school is next to the farmland in the village, and the conditions for carrying out labor education are unique. In April 2018, Qin Xiangyang, director of Xizhuang Village Committee and secretary of the Party branch, specially approved more than 60 mu of cultivated land as the school’s labor practice base. On average, each grade and class had a vegetable field of more than one mu, and each student also claimed an apple tree. The school regularly organized students to plant flowers, grass, vegetables and trees in the experimental field of the practice base to loosen soil, fertilize and weed crops. Labor made the students’ mental outlook look brand-new. "Through the base labor practice, students can learn to work, learn to appreciate beauty and learn to create in practical activities focusing on behavior habits and skills training, so as to achieve the purpose of tempering their will, cultivating their talents and improving their overall quality." Bi Jinjie, principal of Xizhuang Primary School, said.
Unlike most boarding schools, Xizhuang Primary School does not have a special student canteen. The classroom is the canteen and the desk is the dining table. It’s time for dinner. I saw the duty students in each class wearing white aprons, sleeves, masks and caps, pushing the class dining car back to the classroom, serving and distributing meals to the students, and then cleaning all the tableware by the duty students after dinner. There are 6 duty students in each class, and they rotate every day. Bi Jinjie said, "This model has been implemented since the beginning of the year, and the effect is remarkable: students are not picky about food and don’t waste food."
"There are a lot of returning students. When the school is done, parents will naturally turn their children back." Bi Jinjie said that a pair of local twins once chose a school to go to Xia ‘nan Street Primary School in the first grade, and later found that Xizhuang Primary School was getting better and better. Last semester, parents transferred their children who had already entered the fifth grade back.
Nowadays, labor classes with "agricultural flavor" such as fruit and vegetable planting, tree cultivation and traditional handicraft production are widely carried out in boarding schools in Changzhi City, which constitutes a beautiful landscape of rural education.
Not long ago, the Shanxi Provincial Department of Education held a site promotion meeting for the construction of boarding schools in primary and secondary schools in Changzhi. Wu Junqing, director of the Shanxi Provincial Department of Education, said that the construction of township boarding schools will be further strengthened. By supplementing shortcomings, strengths and weaknesses, and improving quality, it will provide an important guarantee for rural students to enroll in schools nearby, provide fair and quality education for rural people to the maximum extent, and strive to make township boarding schools the highlight of new rural construction, drive rural civilization and culture to further improve, and strive to retain talents, leave hope and future for the implementation of rural revitalization strategy. (Reporter Zhao Yan, Gao Yaobin)
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