General Office of Tianjin Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing Tianjin Municipality

Notice of Emergency Plan for Long-distance Oil and Gas Pipeline Accidents

No.13 [2022] of Tianjin Zhengban Regulation

District People’s governments, municipal government commissions, offices and bureaus:

With the consent of the Municipal People’s Government, the Emergency Plan for Long-distance Oil and Gas Pipeline Accidents in Tianjin is hereby issued to you, please implement it accordingly.

General Office of Tianjin Municipal People’s Government

September 19, 2022

Emergency plan for long-distance oil and gas pipeline accidents in Tianjin

1 General rules

1.1 Purpose of compilation

Effectively prevent and deal with accidents in long-distance oil and gas pipelines (hereinafter referred to as oil and gas pipelines), standardize emergency response procedures, improve emergency response capabilities, minimize the degree of accident harm, safeguard national energy security and public safety, promote coordinated and healthy economic and social development, and maintain social stability.

1.2 Compilation basis

According to People’s Republic of China (PRC) Emergency Response Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Safety Production Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Oil and Gas Pipeline Protection Law, Regulations on Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals, Tianjin Oil and Gas Pipeline Protection Regulations, Tianjin Overall Emergency Plan and other laws, regulations and normative documents, this plan is formulated in combination with the actual situation of this Municipality.

1.3 Scope of application

This plan is applicable to the emergency treatment of accidents such as leakage, fire or explosion in the process of running, stopping running, sealing and scrapping of the inland oil and gas long-distance pipeline in Tianjin administrative area.

This plan is linked with the Overall Emergency Plan for Emergencies in Tianjin and the Emergency Plan for Hazardous Chemicals Accidents in Tianjin, and has a guiding role for the District People’s Government (hereinafter referred to as the District People’s Government) and member units to formulate emergency plans or safeguard plans for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

1.4 working principles

(1) adhere to the people-oriented, prevention first. Always put the protection of people’s life and health and property safety in the first place, improve the mechanism and strengthen measures. Implement the policy of safety first, prevention first and comprehensive treatment, adhere to the combination of prevention and emergency response, strengthen prevention, and minimize accidents and personnel and property losses.

(2) Adhere to unified command and be responsible at different levels. In accordance with the deployment requirements of the municipal party committee and the municipal government, the relevant municipal departments, the District People’s governments and relevant enterprises and institutions shall perform their respective duties and deal with them effectively.

(3) Adhere to the combination of standby, specialization and combination. People’s governments at all levels and relevant enterprises make overall plans and integrate resources, set up various professional and part-time emergency teams, and make solid preparations for accidents while doing a good job in daily safety production.

(4) Adhere to scientific disposal and strengthen management. Give full play to the role of experts, professional technology and special equipment, scientifically dispose of them, improve the management level, and continuously improve the emergency response capability.

(5) Adhere to openness and transparency and guide correctly. Comprehensively, timely, legally and accurately release the development and handling of accidents, and correctly guide public opinion.

1.5 accident classification

According to the casualties or direct economic losses caused by oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents in this city are divided into four grades: particularly serious, major, large and general.

2 Organization and command system

2.1 Command organization

The establishment of emergency headquarters (hereinafter referred to as the municipal headquarters) for the accident of Tianjin oil and gas long-distance pipeline, with the deputy mayor in charge of development and reform as the chief commander and the relevant deputy secretary-general of the Municipal People’s Government and the principal responsible comrades of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Municipal Emergency Bureau as the deputy chief commander.

The main responsibilities of the municipal headquarters are: to implement the relevant laws, regulations, rules and policies on accident prevention and response of long-distance oil and gas pipelines; Organize and carry out the emergency handling of large and above oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents in this Municipality, and guide the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred to carry out the emergency handling of general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Do a good job in coordinating with relevant provinces and cities for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents in administrative areas across provinces and cities; Request support from relevant state departments and relevant provinces and cities.

2.2 Office

The emergency headquarters Office of Tianjin Oil and Gas Long-distance Pipeline Accident (hereinafter referred to as the Office of the Municipal Command) is under the Municipal Command. The office of the municipal headquarters is located in the Municipal Development and Reform Commission. The director of the office is mainly responsible comrades of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, and the members are composed of relevant liaison personnel of the member units of the municipal headquarters.

The main duties of the office of the municipal headquarters are: to undertake the daily work of the municipal headquarters; Organize the implementation of the work arrangements of the municipal headquarters; To carry out the compilation and revision of the emergency plan for long-distance oil and gas pipeline accidents in the city; Collect and report accidents and emergency rescue.

2.3 Member units

(1) Municipal Development and Reform Commission: responsible for the supervision and management of pipeline protection within the administrative area of this Municipality, coordinating and handling major issues in pipeline protection, guiding and supervising relevant units to fulfill their obligations of pipeline protection, and investigating and punishing illegal acts endangering pipeline safety according to law; Coordinate the dispatching and supply safety of oil and gas resources in this city after the accident of oil and gas long-distance pipeline; Participate in accident assessment, investigation and handling of long-distance oil and gas pipelines.

(2) Municipal Emergency Bureau: responsible for organizing on-site emergency rescue of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Organize, coordinate and mobilize relevant professional emergency rescue teams and experts to participate in accident emergency treatment; Organize and guide the rescue assessment, investigation and handling of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents of corresponding grades according to law.

(3) Municipal Public Security Bureau: responsible for on-site warning, sealing and control, traffic control and public order maintenance of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents to ensure smooth rescue roads; Organize personnel evacuation and evacuation; Responsible for the investigation of suspects suspected of committing crimes in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

(4) City Fire and Rescue Corps: responsible for organizing fire fighting in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Carry out emergency rescue work focusing on saving people’s lives.

(5) Propaganda Department of the Municipal Party Committee (Information Office of the Municipal Government): responsible for organizing and guiding relevant units to do a good job in news reporting, information release, public opinion analysis, public opinion guidance and media services of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

(6) Network Information Office of the Municipal Party Committee: responsible for coordinating the inspection, analysis, judgment and response of relevant online public opinions, timely regulating the online popularity of sensitive topics, and controlling all kinds of online harmful information such as politics, incitement and "backward flow"; Guide the formulation of authoritative voice caliber, and check and eliminate online rumors together; Organize online media and online review teams to carry out online publicity and guidance; Standardize the reporting and online communication order of local online media reporters, and deal with all kinds of illegal behaviors of local website platforms according to law.

(7) Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology: cooperate with relevant departments in the production, storage and transportation of production materials and relief materials needed to deal with oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Responsible for ensuring emergency communication frequency and implementing radio control according to law.

(8) Civil Affairs Bureau: responsible for providing basic living security for the affected people who meet the conditions of temporary relief; Work with the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred to dispose of the remains of the victims.

(9) Municipal Finance Bureau: responsible for providing financial guarantee for emergency treatment of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

(10) Municipal Bureau of Planning and Resources: responsible for jointly carrying out meteorological risk forecasting and early warning of geological disasters in flood season with the Municipal Meteorological Bureau, and undertaking technical support for emergency rescue of geological disasters; Responsible for surveying and mapping support for emergency handling of accidents.

(11) Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment: responsible for evaluating the environmental pollution that may be caused by oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; On-site monitoring of environmental pollution caused; Put forward suggestions on pollution disposal, and organize and coordinate relevant units to dispose of accident pollutants; Put forward suggestions on the time and area of establishing and removing pollution warning.

(12) Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Development Committee: responsible for assisting in the emergency rescue, accident assessment and investigation and handling related to buildings and structures in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and organizing and coordinating the call of professional rescue teams and large-scale construction machinery in this industry.

(13) Municipal Urban Management Committee (including Municipal Public Utilities Bureau): responsible for guiding the emergency repair of public facilities such as heat supply, gas supply and urban roads and bridges damaged in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

(14) Municipal Transportation Commission (including Municipal Road Transportation Bureau and Municipal Port and Shipping Bureau): responsible for organizing and coordinating the relevant departments to carry out the work of highway rushing and ensuring traffic; Cooperate with relevant departments to do a good job in ensuring the fast-track service of emergency rescue vehicles in the administrative area of this Municipality; Responsible for the transportation of disaster victims and relief materials; Participate in the emergency handling of hazardous chemical accidents involving port operators of dangerous goods in the port area.

(15) Municipal Health and Wellness Committee: responsible for on-site medical treatment, transportation and in-hospital treatment of injured persons in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and reporting the number of casualties and medical treatment to the municipal headquarters; Responsible for technical guidance on health and epidemic prevention.

(16) Municipal Market Supervision Committee: responsible for assisting in emergency rescue, accident assessment, investigation and handling related to special equipment in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

(17) Municipal Meteorological Bureau: responsible for providing meteorological support services for emergency treatment of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and providing timely meteorological data such as wind direction, wind speed, temperature, humidity, air pressure and rainfall at the accident site and surrounding areas; Assist in the regional judgment of air pollution diffusion caused by oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and make suggestions on the time and region for establishing and lifting pollution alarms.

(18) Municipal Water Affairs Bureau: responsible for assisting in emergency rescue, accident assessment, investigation and handling related to water system in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

According to the needs of disposal, the municipal headquarters will adjust and supplement the member units in a timely manner.

2.4 Field Command

In the event of a general oil and gas pipeline accident, the district people’s government where the accident occurred shall set up an emergency rescue site command, and the principal responsible comrades of the district people’s government shall be the site commander. In case of a major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident, the Municipal Command will set up an emergency rescue site command, with the principal responsible comrades of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission as the site commander and the responsible comrades of the Municipal Emergency Bureau as the site deputy commander. In case of particularly serious and major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, in accordance with the deployment requirements of the municipal party Committee and the municipal government, the on-site headquarters will be established based on the municipal headquarters. If the site commander-in-chief changes, the handover of relevant work should be done well.

2.5 Working Group

According to the disposal needs, the on-site command can set up working groups such as comprehensive coordination group, emergency disposal group, order maintenance group, medical treatment group, environmental monitoring group, comprehensive support group and news public opinion group.

(1) comprehensive coordination group. Led by the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, with the participation of the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred and the members of the municipal headquarters, it is responsible for coordinating the dispatching and supply safety of oil and gas resources in this city after the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident; To undertake the on-duty work of the on-site command, and be responsible for receiving and forwarding the instructions of the municipal command; Collect and summarize the on-site disposal and emergency rescue documents.

(2) Emergency response team. Led by the Municipal Emergency Bureau, with the participation of the Municipal Fire and Rescue Corps, the Municipal Market Supervision Committee, the Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Development Committee, the Municipal Planning and Resources Bureau and other relevant departments in the area where the incident occurred, as well as oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises, it is responsible for collecting and summarizing relevant data, making accident situation judgments, organizing the formulation of accident emergency response work plans, and organizing the implementation of the plans; Effectively carry out on-site control and search and rescue of people in distress; Organize and coordinate emergency experts, rescue teams and relevant forces to participate in emergency response work in an orderly manner.

(3) order maintenance group. Led by the Municipal Public Security Bureau, with the participation of relevant departments in the district where the accident occurred, it is responsible for on-site protection, maintaining public order and vigilance, implementing traffic control, and ensuring smooth rescue roads; Responsible for organizing the evacuation of personnel in the toxic substance diffusion area; Responsible for the identity verification of the dead and missing persons and the identification of the victims.

(4) Medical treatment group. Led by the Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, responsible for organizing relevant medical institutions to rush to the scene of the accident in time to carry out medical treatment and transshipment of the wounded; Inform the on-site command about the medical treatment of the wounded.

(5) Environmental Monitoring Group. Led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, with the participation of the Municipal Water Affairs Bureau and the Municipal Meteorological Bureau, it is responsible for monitoring the atmosphere, water quality and soil at the scene of the accident, putting forward pollution control suggestions and assisting in verifying the pollution damage; Provide meteorological support services, provide meteorological data, forecast and early warning information of the accident site and surrounding areas, and provide technical basis for judging the diffusion direction and scope of toxic and harmful gases.

(6) Comprehensive support group. Led by the district people’s government where the incident occurred, with the participation of the Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Civil Affairs Bureau, the Municipal Emergency Bureau, the Municipal Transportation Commission, the Municipal Urban Management Committee and other departments, it is responsible for providing comprehensive service resources in a timely manner according to the needs of accident handling.

(7) News and public opinion group. Led by the Propaganda Department of the Municipal Party Committee (Information Office of the Municipal Government), with the participation of relevant municipal departments and the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred, it is responsible for organizing the drafting of press releases and notices on accidents of oil and gas long-distance pipelines, formulating press release plans, organizing press releases in a timely manner, and carrying out public opinion monitoring and response work.

2.6 District level emergency command organization

According to the principle of territorial management, an emergency command organization for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be established in the area where the oil and gas long-distance pipeline passes, which shall be responsible for the general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents within its jurisdiction, timely carry out the pre-treatment of large and above oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and cooperate with the municipal headquarters to do the emergency treatment; Responsible for the construction and management of emergency rescue teams and emergency materials and equipment required within their respective jurisdictions; Responsible for the evacuation, resettlement, living security and social stability of the people in the accident area; Responsible for oil and gas cleaning, collection and after-treatment at the accident site.

3 Prevention and early warning

3.1 Monitoring

Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises should establish an oil and gas long-distance pipeline operation monitoring mechanism, implement the main responsibility of the enterprise, organize risk assessment and risk management, manage risks as early as possible, properly control risks, and report information that may cause pipeline accidents or other disasters to the relevant municipal departments, units and the local District People’s government in a timely manner.

The District People’s Government shall establish and improve the information monitoring system for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, improve the information sharing mechanism, collect information through various channels such as daily inspections, grass-roots units’ reports and social public reports, strengthen the comprehensive analysis and evaluation of information, and improve the accuracy and timeliness of relevant forecasts. Major holidays, major events, sensitive periods, disastrous weather and other special periods, supervision and inspection should be strengthened, and emergency duty and information reporting should be strengthened.

3.2 Early warning

3.2.1 Early warning forwarding

The office of the municipal headquarters analyzes and judges the information received from meteorological and geological disasters that may lead to oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, forwards the risk warning information to the oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises in time, and requires the oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises to strengthen prevention and reduce the possibility of pipeline accidents.

3.2.2 Early warning response

(1) After receiving the early warning information, oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises shall take the following measures as appropriate:

① Strengthen the inspection and monitoring of long-distance oil and gas pipelines;

② Pay close attention to the weather change and the development trend of geological disasters, and predict the possibility, influence range and possible accident level of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents;

(3) prepare or directly start the corresponding emergency plan, and the emergency rescue team and professionals are on standby;

(4) Assemble materials and equipment needed for emergency treatment and rescue, and take temporary engineering measures for relevant oil and gas long-distance pipelines as required;

⑤ Other necessary preventive and protective measures stipulated by laws, regulations and rules.

(2) After receiving the early warning information, the district people’s governments and relevant member units shall take the following measures as appropriate:

① Pay close attention to the weather changes and the development trend of geological disasters, forward the latest trends in time, keep close contact with oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises, and timely grasp the influence of weather and geological disasters fed back by oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises on oil and gas long-distance pipelines;

(2) Be prepared to start the emergency plan for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, release relevant information to the public who may be affected by oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents when necessary, and make good preparations for personnel evacuation in relevant areas;

(3) Organize prevention and control of key parts, restrict the use of places vulnerable to accidents of long-distance oil and gas pipelines, implement traffic control when necessary, and close dangerous areas and roads;

(4) Organize relevant emergency rescue teams and professionals to enter standby state, and assemble and raise materials and equipment needed for emergency treatment and rescue;

⑤ Other necessary preventive and protective measures stipulated by laws, regulations and rules.

4 information reporting and pre-disposal

4.1 Information report

4.1.1 Reporting procedure

In the event of a long-distance oil and gas pipeline accident, the oil and gas pipeline enterprise shall immediately start the emergency plan for the pipeline accident of the enterprise, timely notify the residents and units that may be harmed by the accident in accordance with the regulations, take effective measures to eliminate or reduce the accident harm, and report to the development and reform, emergency management, public security, ecological environment and other departments in the area where the accident occurred in accordance with the regulations, and shall not conceal, falsely report or delay the report. After receiving the report, the relevant departments in the district where the incident occurred should report the relevant information to the District People’s Government and the relevant municipal departments by telephone within 30 minutes and in writing within 1 hour. The relevant departments of the district and city where the incident occurred shall report the basic situation of the accident to the municipal party committee and government in writing within 30 minutes and 1 hour after receiving the report, in accordance with the principle of receiving the report and reporting it at any time. For the municipal party committee and municipal government to verify the situation, the telephone feedback time shall not exceed 20 minutes. After the city leaders give instructions and put forward requirements, the relevant districts and departments should report the implementation in a timely manner.

4.1.2 Report content

The contents of the report include the reporting unit, the name of the reporter, the source of information, the time and place of the accident, the initial casualties and the measures taken. After the initial report, the information reporting unit shall timely report the accident dynamics and disposal progress.

4.2 Pre-disposal

4.2.1 Enterprises involved

Quickly cut off oil and gas sources and power supply, set up warning signs, and notify units and personnel within the scope of accident hazards to evacuate and transfer quickly; Take effective measures to prevent the situation from expanding and secondary disasters; Quickly mobilize enterprise rescue teams and emergency rescue materials and equipment to carry out emergency rescue work.

4.2.2 District People’s Government

According to the nature of the incident, the degree of harm, the scope of influence and the development trend, quickly mobilize forces to carry out emergency rescue; Take effective measures to control the development of the situation; Quickly transfer, evacuate, and evacuate people who are endangered or threatened by accidents and properly arrange them; Organize medical treatment, traffic control, and maintaining social order.

5 emergency response

5.1 Response classification

According to the damage degree and influence scope of the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident, the emergency response of the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident in this city is divided into three levels, from low to high, they are level 3, level 2 and level 1 respectively.

5.1.1 Three-level emergency response

When it is initially judged that a general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident occurs, the district-level emergency response will be started in the area where the accident occurred, and the municipal headquarters office will start the third-level emergency response as appropriate.

(1) The director of the municipal headquarters office, responsible comrades of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Municipal Emergency Bureau, the Municipal Fire Rescue Corps, the Municipal Market Supervision Commission, the Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Commission, the Municipal Planning and Resources Bureau, the Municipal Public Security Bureau, the Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, the Municipal Ecological Environment Bureau, the Municipal Water Affairs Bureau, the Municipal Meteorological Bureau, the Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Civil Affairs Bureau, the Municipal Transportation Commission, the Municipal Urban Management Commission, the Municipal Propaganda Department and the Municipal Network Information Office rushed to the site. Each working group and the member units of the municipal headquarters organize relevant personnel of their own groups and departments to take up their posts in their own units and departments, and prepare for emergency response.

(2) Disposal work

① Office of the Municipal Command: collect and sort out the emergency handling of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents in the area where the incident occurred in time, make statistics on the casualties and losses of the accidents, report them to the responsible comrades of the Municipal Command, and notify the relevant units.

② Comprehensive coordination group: receiving and forwarding instructions for emergency handling of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Timely coordinate and track the implementation of emergency disposal instructions for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents by the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred and relevant units; Do a good job in coordinating the oil and gas resources dispatching in this city after the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident.

③ Emergency response group: to guide the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred to do a good job in emergency response to oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Organize emergency rescue experts to stand by for 24 hours, and prepare for emergency rescue technical guidance for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents at any time; Organize relevant professional emergency rescue teams to stand by; Send experts to provide technical support as needed.

④ Medical treatment group: guiding the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred to do a good job in medical treatment of the wounded; Notify relevant medical institutions to prepare for rushing to the scene of the accident to carry out medical treatment for the wounded.

⑤ Order maintenance group: According to the field situation, make preparations for starting the second-level emergency response, such as on-site warning and control, traffic control, public order maintenance and smooth rescue roads.

⑥ Environmental monitoring group: guide the area where the incident occurred to provide meteorological support services; Pay close attention to the changes of the situation, and make preparations for starting the second-level emergency response to provide meteorological support services and monitoring the atmosphere, water quality and soil at the accident site.

⑦ Comprehensive support group: sort out emergency materials and equipment for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents and prepare for allocation.

⑧ News and public opinion group: to guide the area where the incident occurred to organize the release of accident information of long-distance oil and gas pipelines; Guide the area where the incident occurred to carry out public opinion monitoring and response work.

Pet-name ruby other members of the city headquarters in accordance with their duties to do a good job in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident emergency rescue preparation and security work.

5.1.2 Secondary Emergency Response

When a large oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident was initially judged, the municipal headquarters decided to start the second-level emergency response.

(1) On the basis of the three-level emergency response personnel, all members of the municipal headquarters in charge of the responsible comrades organize their own personnel to rush to the scene of the accident, and carry out corresponding emergency response work according to the division of responsibilities in this plan, the emergency plan of the unit department and the command and dispatch of the municipal headquarters.

(2) the director of the office of the municipal headquarters presided over a consultation meeting at the on-site headquarters to organize and coordinate the emergency response work.

(3) Disposal work

All working groups, relevant departments and units, on the basis of doing a good job in three-level emergency response, further do the following work:

① Field headquarters: The field commander-in-chief is responsible for overall planning of emergency response work, mainly directing and coordinating the emergency response work of comprehensive coordination group, environmental monitoring group, comprehensive support group and news and public opinion group; The deputy commander-in-chief on site is responsible for conducting emergency response command and dispatch, mainly directing and coordinating the emergency response work of emergency response group, order maintenance group and medical treatment group.

② Comprehensive coordination group: to coordinate the oil and gas resources dispatching and supply safety in this city after the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident; To undertake the on-duty work of the on-site headquarters, and receive and forward the instructions of the municipal headquarters; Collect and summarize the on-site disposal and emergency rescue documents.

③ Emergency response group: collect and summarize relevant data, make accident situation judgment, organize the formulation of accident emergency response work plan, and organize the implementation of the plan; Effectively carry out on-site control and search and rescue of people in distress; Organize and coordinate emergency experts, rescue teams and relevant forces to participate in emergency response work in an orderly manner.

(4) Order maintenance group: protect the accident site, maintain public order and vigilance, implement traffic control, and ensure the smooth rescue road; Organize the evacuation of personnel in the toxic substance diffusion area; Check the identity of the dead and lost, and identify the identity of the victims.

⑤ Medical treatment group: rushed to the scene of the accident in time to carry out medical treatment and transportation of the wounded; Inform the on-site command about the medical treatment of the wounded.

⑥ Environmental monitoring group: pay close attention to the weather changes and provide meteorological data, forecast and early warning information of the accident site and surrounding areas; Monitor the environmental pollution of the atmosphere, water quality and soil at the accident site, put forward pollution control suggestions, assist in verifying the pollution damage, and provide technical basis for judging the diffusion direction and scope of toxic and harmful gases.

⑦ Comprehensive support group: notify the relevant personnel of the emergency rescue materials reserve unit to take up their posts, make good preparations for dispatching emergency materials, and the reserve unit will organize dispatching in time as appropriate; According to the transportation route of rescue and relief materials, organize to ensure the traffic order along the road to ensure that the rescue and relief materials are in place in time; Plan and assemble transport vehicles needed for emergency rescue and disaster relief operations, and perform transportation tasks at any time; To guide the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred to prepare for the emergency rescue team and the people around the accident; Provide financial guarantee for the emergency treatment of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

⑧ News and public opinion group: organize the drafting of press releases and notices on accidents of long-distance oil and gas pipelines, formulate press release plans, organize press releases in a timely manner, and carry out public opinion monitoring and response work.

Pet-name ruby other members of the city headquarters in accordance with their duties to do a good job in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident emergency rescue preparation and security work.

5.1.3 Level I Emergency Response

When a particularly serious oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident is initially judged, according to the decision of the municipal party Committee and the municipal government, the municipal headquarters will start the first-level emergency response; In the event of a major oil and gas pipeline accident, the municipal headquarters decided to start the first-level emergency response.

(1) The chief commander, deputy chief commander of the municipal headquarters and the main responsible comrades of relevant member units rushed to the scene of the accident, and the municipal headquarters turned into the on-site headquarters to formulate emergency response plans and organize rescue work.

(2) The commander-in-chief of the municipal headquarters presided over a consultation meeting at the on-site headquarters to organize and coordinate the emergency response work.

(3) Disposal work

All working groups, relevant departments and units, on the basis of secondary emergency response, further do the following work:

① On-site headquarters: organize all working groups, relevant departments and units to do a good job according to the division of responsibilities.

② Comprehensive coordination group: to coordinate the oil and gas resources dispatching and supply safety in this city after the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident.

(3) Emergency response group: request support from relevant state departments and relevant provinces and cities; In conjunction with the relevant departments, organize the emergency rescue teams and experts from relevant countries and relevant provinces and cities to participate in the emergency rescue and relief work of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

④ Order maintenance group: organize the evacuation of personnel in the toxic substance diffusion area; Check the identity of the dead and lost, and identify the identity of the victims.

⑤ Environmental monitoring group: According to the needs of the on-site command, provide meteorological data, forecast and early warning information of the accident site and surrounding areas at any time.

⑥ Comprehensive support group: in conjunction with relevant departments, do a good job in receiving emergency relief materials from relevant state departments and relevant provinces and cities, and notify relevant departments to do a good job in relevant transportation; Coordinate the transportation of vehicles and materials needed by relevant state departments and relevant provinces and cities to reinforce emergency rescue and disaster relief operations.

⑦ News and public opinion group: organize a press conference in a rolling way to inform the media about the progress of accident handling of oil and gas long-distance pipelines.

⑧ Other members of the Municipal Command shall, according to their duties, organize and direct their own systems and industries to devote themselves to the emergency rescue of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and ensure that all preventive measures are put in place.

Pet-name ruby the city’s relevant professional emergency rescue team into the state of emergency rescue, all kinds of emergency materials support units for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident rescue and relief work to provide full protection.

5.2 Professional Disposal Measures

In addition to the emergency response measures specified in the Tianjin Emergency Plan for Hazardous Chemicals Accidents, the on-site headquarters should take targeted measures for the emergency treatment of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents according to the characteristics and actual situation of oil and gas long-distance pipelines.

(1) Oil and gas long-distance pipeline leakage accident

(1) the scene to implement emergency closure, blockade, traffic control, rapid evacuation of the evacuation crowd, the implementation of emergency evacuation, transfer the injured;

(2) immediately eliminate the on-site fire, detect and estimate the warning, isolation and preparedness distance according to wind direction, wind speed, water flow, topography, underground space and facilities, surrounding environment, oil and gas leakage and diffusion direction, and assist in personnel evacuation;

③ Cooperate with the professional pipeline rescue team to seal the plugging point, remove the leaked oil and gas, and complete the emergency repair of damaged pipelines.

(2) Fire and explosion accidents of long-distance oil and gas pipelines

① Implement emergency closure and blockade on site, implement traffic control, quickly evacuate evacuated people, implement emergency avoidance, transfer injured people, and delimit the area that may be affected by fire and explosion;

(2) According to the different characteristics of crude oil, refined oil and natural gas, correctly choose fire fighting routes and methods to control the spread of fire and prevent the situation from expanding or secondary disasters;

③ Cooperate with the professional pipeline rescue team to repair the damaged pipeline and remove the residual oil and gas at the site.

5.3 Information release

Under the guidance of the Propaganda Department of the Municipal Party Committee, the information release of general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be implemented by the Propaganda Department of the district party committee where the incident occurred; The information release of large and above oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be coordinated by the Propaganda Department of the Municipal Party Committee, and the news and public opinion group of the on-site headquarters shall be responsible for the implementation.

In case of major and above oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, brief information will be released to the society at the first time according to the procedure, authoritative information will be released within 5 hours, and a press conference will be held in the name of the accident handling news center within 24 hours, and the deputy mayor in charge, the main responsible comrades in the district where the accident occurred and the responsible comrades of relevant departments will release the accident handling information. Continue to release authoritative information by dynamically releasing the progress of disposal and organizing centralized interviews.

5.4 End of emergency

5.4.1 When the emergency handling of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents is finished, the accident hazards or threats are controlled and eliminated, and the emergency handling is finished.

5.4.2 For general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, the area where the accident occurred shall announce the end of emergency and report to the office of the municipal headquarters; Large and major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, the municipal headquarters announced the end of the emergency; After the major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident is approved by the municipal party Committee and the municipal government, the municipal headquarters will announce the end of the emergency.

5.4.3 The office of the municipal headquarters shall timely inform the relevant member units of the municipal headquarters and the district people’s government where the incident occurred. When necessary, release emergency termination information to the public through information release platforms and news media.

6 post-disposal

6.1 aftermath

The people’s government of the district where the incident occurred, the departments of emergency management, development and reform, public security, civil affairs, ecological environment, transportation, sanitation and health, and oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises should perform their respective duties and do a good job in the aftermath of the wounded, traffic recovery, pollutant cleaning and so on. Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises shall, under the guidance of relevant departments and experts, pay close attention to the repair and on-site cleaning of facilities and equipment, and resume the operation of oil and gas long-distance pipelines as soon as possible.

6.2 Investigation and evaluation

The investigation and evaluation of accidents shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations. The investigation and evaluation of general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be organized and carried out by the relevant departments of the district people’s government where the accident occurred. The investigation and evaluation of large oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be organized by the relevant departments of the Municipal People’s Government. The investigation and evaluation of major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be organized by the Municipal People’s Government. The investigation and evaluation of particularly serious oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be carried out under the organization of the departments authorized by the State Council or the State Council, and this Municipality shall cooperate with relevant work.

7 emergency support

7.1 Team Support

Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises should establish emergency rescue teams, equip them with necessary equipment and facilities, actively carry out rescue knowledge and professional skills training and drills, and ensure that the teams are in a good standby state at any time.

7.2 Material support

Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises should reserve and equip equipment and materials that can meet the emergency rescue needs of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents according to their own nature and characteristics, and ensure that the equipment and materials are always in good condition.

7.3 Financial guarantee

The financial expenses required for handling oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be borne in different levels according to the principle of dividing financial affairs and expenditure responsibilities.

The cost of emergency rescue for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be borne by the accident responsible unit first, and if the accident responsible unit is unable to bear it, it shall be solved by the people’s government of the district where the accident occurred.

Long-distance oil and gas pipeline enterprises shall, in accordance with the provisions, extract the safety production expenses to ensure the daily monitoring of dangerous sources, preventive and early warning measures, emergency training and drills, and meet the needs of long-distance oil and gas pipeline accidents.

7.4 Publicity, education and training

7.4.1 Publicity and education

Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises should inform employees and surrounding people of the main dangers and harms of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and publicize emergency laws and regulations and knowledge of accident prevention, hedging, self-help and mutual rescue.

7.4.2 Training

The relevant departments (units) of the municipal and district people’s governments shall, in accordance with the affiliation and management responsibilities, strengthen the training of professional emergency rescue teams in their own systems and fields, and improve their decision-making and disposal capabilities in response to oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises should strengthen pre-job training to ensure that employees have the necessary knowledge of safety production, master the rules and regulations of safety production and safe operation procedures, and have the skills of safe operation in this position and the ability to handle oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Safety production management personnel shall pass the examination of their safety production knowledge and management ability by the competent department responsible for safety production supervision and management; Special operations personnel must receive special safety operation training in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and obtain corresponding qualifications before taking up their posts.

8 supplementary provisions

8.1 Interpretation of the Plan

The interpretation of this plan shall be undertaken by the Municipal Development and Reform Commission.

8.2 Plan preparation

The District People’s Government shall, in accordance with the relevant laws, regulations, rules, the emergency plans of the people’s government at a higher level and its relevant departments and the actual situation in this district, organize relevant departments to formulate emergency plans for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents within their respective administrative areas and report them to the Municipal Development and Reform Commission for the record; The member units of the Municipal Command shall, in accordance with this plan, formulate the emergency support plan (scheme) for the long-distance oil and gas pipeline accident of this department, submit it to the Municipal People’s Government for the record, and send a copy to the Municipal Emergency Bureau and the Office of the Municipal Command.

8.3 plan revision

City headquarters office should be combined with emergency management practice, timely organize the revision of emergency plans.

8.4 preplan drill

The municipal and district people’s governments and their relevant departments shall organize at least one special emergency plan drill every 2 years. Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises shall organize at least one comprehensive emergency plan drill or special emergency plan drill every year, and at least one on-site disposal plan drill every six months, and establish a continuous improvement mechanism for emergency plans.

8.5 Plan implementation

This plan shall be implemented as of the date of issuance and shall be valid for 5 years.

Attachment: 1. Classification standard for accidents of long-distance oil and gas pipelines

2. Risk analysis of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents

Annex 1

Classification standard for accidents of long-distance oil and gas pipelines

First, particularly serious oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents

In case of any of the following circumstances, it is a particularly serious oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident:

(1) accidents that caused more than 30 deaths;

(2) Accidents that cause serious injuries to more than 100 people;

(3) Accidents that cause direct economic losses of more than 100 million yuan.

Second, major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents

Any one of the following circumstances is a major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident:

(1) an accident that caused more than 10 people and less than 30 people to die;

(2) Accidents that cause serious injuries to more than 50 people and less than 100 people;

(3) Accidents that cause direct economic losses of more than 50 million yuan and less than 100 million yuan.

Three, a large oil and gas pipeline accident

Any one of the following circumstances shall be considered as a major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident:

(1) an accident that causes more than 3 people and less than 10 people to die;

(2) Accidents that cause serious injuries to more than 10 people and less than 50 people;

(3) Accidents that cause direct economic losses of more than 10 million yuan and less than 50 million yuan.

Four, the general oil and gas pipeline accident

Any accident that meets one of the following circumstances is a general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident:

(1) an accident that killed less than 3 people;

(2) Accidents that cause serious injuries to less than 10 people;

(3) Accidents that cause direct economic losses of less than 10 million yuan.

The "above" mentioned in this plan includes the number, and "below" does not include the number.

Annex 2

Accident risk analysis of long-distance oil and gas pipeline

First, the main risk factors leading to oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents

Petroleum and natural gas are dangerous chemicals. Oil and natural gas transported by long-distance oil and gas pipelines are characterized by high pressure, flammability and explosion. The main reasons that may lead to oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents include:

(1) The pipeline body fails, resulting in leakage, fire and explosion accidents.

(2) Man-made damage: misoperation, construction hazards, occupation, heavy-load rolling of pipelines, damage to pipelines by moving, cutting, punching, smashing and dismantling, theft of oil and natural gas transported, stored, leaked and discharged by pipelines, and terrorist attacks, which lead to accidents such as pipeline leakage, fire or explosion.

(3) Natural disasters: geological disasters such as earthquake, collapse and land subsidence, and floods, etc., which cause pipeline leakage, fire or explosion accidents.

Second, the possible impact

(1) Casualties and property losses

Fire or explosion occurs at the scene of oil and gas leakage, or the leaked oil and gas spreads through urban floor drains, pipe trenches, box culverts and other infrastructure, and is ignited in case of fire, resulting in large-scale fire and explosion. People’s lives and property are seriously threatened.

(2) Environmental pollution

If a large amount of leaked oil and gas spreads, it will lead to serious pollution of drinking reservoirs, rivers, groundwater, soil and air.

(3) Energy cut-off

The emergency shutdown of the oil and gas pipeline will also affect the normal operation of other oil and gas pipelines, water supply, power supply and other facilities parallel or intersecting with it.

(D) Social impact

Leaking oil and gas may cause fire, explosion and personnel poisoning, and the affected areas may need power failure, traffic interruption, large-scale shutdown and suspension of classes, resulting in adverse social impact.

Since ancient times, heroes have produced teenagers. In history, we have seen countless talented teenagers invent various theories, methods, technologies and products that change the world.

Today, teenagers with unlimited imagination and creativity are also changing the world with their own inventions.

Looking at their inventions, some can bring new impetus to the transformation of an industry, while others hope to save the lives of a group. But all roads lead to the same goal, and their inventions are put forward because they see the existence of a certain problem and want to change and solve it.

Of course, behind their inventions, we should pay more attention to what kind of education and environment can provide fertile ground for teenagers to give full play to their imagination and creativity. What should we do to naturally shape this kind of education and environment.

After all, young people are strong, and technology is strong; Youth is strong, then the country is strong.

1. Ionic liquids for industrial carbon capture.

CO2 is one of the most important greenhouse gases, but it is also a rich resource. At present, some organic solvents are commonly used in industrial production to absorb CO2, but it is difficult to release CO2 again, and it is easy to corrode industrial equipment.

In September, 2017, Zhao Songrui, who is already a freshman in the School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Peking University, won the special prize of the European Association of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences for his "Study on the Synthesis and Characterization of Pyridine Ionic Liquids and CO2 Absorption Performance", which achieved a zero breakthrough for Chinese players in the EU Young Scientists Competition.

The pyridine ionic liquids studied by Zhao Songrui can quickly attract and release CO2, and the stability is very good. This technology has a broad application prospect in the field of industrial carbon capture.

2. Ultra-efficient catalyst converts plastic waste into biofuel.

AzzaAbdelHamidFaiad, an Egyptian girl, found a cheap catalyst at the age of 16, which can quickly and continuously convert plastic waste into biofuel.

Faiad successfully decomposed waste plastics into methane, propane and ethane by using calcium-based bentonite as catalyst, and then converted it into ethanol for fuel use.

The process can produce as much as 138,000 tons of hydrocarbon gas every year, and generate biofuels worth 78 million dollars. Egypt produces about 1 million tons of waste plastics every year, which is helpful to Egypt’s environmental protection and economic development.

She won the prize of European Nuclear Fusion Development Agreement (EFDA) in the 23rd European Union Young Scientists Competition, and attracted the attention of Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute.

3. Life-saving building fire smoke mask system

In 2013, AlexisLewis, an American girl, heard a mother throw a 2-year-old child from the second floor to avoid the harm caused by fire smoke to the child, which led to the idea of designing a smoke mask.

In order to save the people trapped in the building by the fire, Lewis found in the experiment that the success rate of directly throwing the smoke mask into the room from the window was very low, so he designed several 3D printed bomb prototypes and installed a light smoke mask produced by XcaperIndustries, a professional respiratory protection equipment manufacturer, in the bomb.

After more than 290 tests by 37 firefighters throwing bullets at the second floor window, the rugby-type bullets with throwing accuracy exceeding 70% were finally determined.

The design can provide a safe breathing mask for those who encounter fire and have no time to escape, which effectively protects the lives of residents.

Lewis was only 15 years old when he designed the smoke mask system, and he had many patent inventions.

4. Using algae to convert CO2 from automobile exhaust into oxygen.

In 2008, ParamJaggi, a 16-year-old American boy, began to pay attention to automobile exhaust emissions while learning to drive. He designed an exhaust purifier using seaweed, which can reduce carbon dioxide in automobile exhaust.

With this invention, he won a prize of 8,000 dollars and a sustainable development award from the US Environmental Protection Agency.

ParamJaggi has applied for a patent and set up a company. The first product developed by Paramjaggi, AlgaeMobile carbon filtration system, has built-in panels covered with special algae strains on both sides, and uses photosynthesis to absorb carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles to produce oxygen and glucose (for feeding algae).

Considering that automobile exhaust emissions are too fast, Jaggi arranges a plurality of panels in a staggered way to increase the contact surface area of carbon dioxide and melt carbon dioxide into water to form carbonic acid; Sodium hydroxide placed in the filter reacts with carbonic acid to form harmless carbonate.

ParamJaggi has won many honors and been included in Forbes’ list of 30 outstanding men under the age of 30 in American science and technology field.

5. Simple life-saving equipment in the car to prevent children from dying of heat.

Every year, many children around the world die of heat in cars for various reasons. In 2011, AndrewPelham, an 11-year-old American boy, came up with the concept of EZBabySaver when he heard that a 10-month-old baby was trapped in a car and died of heat.

Pelham’s invention is made of rubber sleeve and adhesive tape, which connects the handle in the front door of the car with the driver’s back seat, thus reminding parents to check the back seat before getting off the bus to prevent tragedy. With this invention, he won the runner-up in the Young Inventors Group in the Rubber Band Competition.

According to media reports, hundreds of parents and grandparents around the world told Pelham by email that they had made this simple baby protector. Although the attention of this small invention is limited, we have to admit that it is a very effective invention.

6. Low-cost Lego Braille printers

In 1824, Louis Blair, a 15-year-old French blind man, created French Braille to help countless blind people read.

In 2014, 13-year-old American boy ShubhamBanerjee used robot toys and programming technology to help the blind again.

Banerjee assembled a Braille printer Braigo using Lego EV3 set with a price of $350. The printer can print Braille with better recognition ability by updating the built-in software and enhancing the hardware.

The invention directly reduces the price of Braille printers on the market from 2000 dollars to 350 dollars. Banerjee has set up a laboratory, focusing on the research of low-cost Braille printing technology, and obtained the investment from Intel. The lab also developed "the world’s first low-cost/silent/on-chip translation /IOT-Cloud printer concept".

This invention helped Banerjee win the 2014 Technology Award and was invited to attend the WhiteHouseMakerFaire (Creative DIY Party) held in the White House.

7. Cheap and rapid Ebola detection

In 2015, OliviaHallisey, a 16-year-old American middle school student, invented a new Ebola virus detection technology.

The invention is based on the principle of chemical reaction. When Ebola virus in blood reacts with chemicals in the reagent, the reagent will change color. This method can complete the detection within 30 minutes.

In addition, the cost of each detection is only 25 dollars, and the storage and transportation of reagents do not need refrigeration.

This invention helped Hallisey win a $50,000 scholarship in the 2015 Google Science Challenge.

(Source: Capital Lab, Li Xin. The content only represents the author’s personal views, not the position of the forum)

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The phenomenon of sudden death has existed in human society since ancient times, and it is not a new concept in recent years. However, with the increase of social pressure and the acceleration of work rhythm, the incidence of sudden death is increasing year by year.

At the same time, the popularity of the Internet also makes us hear the news about sudden death more frequently.

What is sudden death?

The word "sudden death", as its name implies, refers to sudden and unexpected death.

Regarding the specific definition of "sudden", there are differences among professional institutions, and it is generally believed that this time period is between 1 hour and 48 hours. Take the World Health Organization (WHO) as an example, its definition of sudden death is: from symptoms to death, this process is completed within 24 hours.

Sudden death is an irreversible result, which means the end of life and cannot be redeemed. To effectively deal with sudden death, we need to understand the reasons behind it.

Life goes on because the heart keeps beating. Therefore, when the heart can’t beat effectively and can’t provide enough blood for important organs of the body, if the heart can’t beat effectively in time, sudden death may come.

According to the statistics of developed countries, about 90% cases of sudden death are cardiogenic. Of course, in addition, a small number of sudden deaths are caused by brain-derived, lung-derived, abdominal-derived, endocrine-derived and other factors.

What is the pathogenesis of sudden cardiac death?

To further subdivide sudden cardiac death, we can divide it into two categories: "coronary" and "non-coronary".

In the case of sudden cardiac death, coronary sudden death accounts for 56.78%~80%, and this phenomenon is more obvious in middle-aged and elderly people, and the main culprit behind it is coronary heart disease.

For those patients with a history of coronary heart disease, the risk of sudden death is four times that of ordinary people. In-depth exploration, we will find that 3/4 of sudden cardiac death is inextricably linked with coronary heart disease.

The formation of coronary heart disease is closely related to a series of bad health conditions and living habits such as obesity, smoking and three highs.

In particular, some patients’ symptoms of coronary heart disease are not obvious and are often mistaken for slight physical discomfort, but this invisible threat will greatly increase the risk of sudden death.

Although people over the age of 40 are the high-risk group of coronary heart disease, in recent years, the younger trend of this disease has become more and more obvious, and even young patients aged 25 have been reported to have coronary heart disease.

Taking snacks as dinner, drinks instead of water, lack of exercise, staying up late, endless consumption of the body, but never having a physical examination … Such a lifestyle may be quietly causing your coronary artery to fall into a crisis of blockage.

Before sudden death, the body will send out three important distress signals!

Before the critical moment of cardiac arrest comes, are there really symptoms that can be alarmed?

In fact, about 50% patients did not show any obvious symptoms before cardiac arrest. For the other half of cardiac arrest patients, they may experience some specific physical reactions or symptoms during the period from a few days to several hours before the sudden death. Although these signs are not absolute, they deserve our attention and vigilance.

Signal 1: Persistent chest pain or discomfort.

Chest pain is one of the most common symptoms of heart disease and an important warning signal before sudden death. This kind of chest pain may manifest as a feeling of oppression, tightness or dullness, and sometimes it may radiate to the left arm, neck, chin or back.

Persistent chest pain indicates that there may be coronary artery obstruction, leading to myocardial ischemia. At this time, all activities should be stopped immediately, and emergency calls should be made to strive for golden treatment time. Remember, time is life, and every minute of delay may increase irreversible damage.

Signal 2: Extreme fatigue and dyspnea

Extreme fatigue and unexplained dyspnea are also common signs before sudden death. If you feel extremely tired recently, even if you have enough rest, you can’t relieve it. At the same time, accompanied by slight physical activity, you will have difficulty breathing, which may be caused by the decline of heart function and the inability of your body to obtain oxygen effectively.

Extreme fatigue and breathing difficulties are the body telling you that the heart may be under heavy burden and unable to pump blood effectively. In this case, medical help should be sought immediately and relevant examinations should be carried out in order to detect and intervene potential heart problems at an early stage.

Signal 3: Arrhythmia and syncope

Arrhythmia, that is, the heartbeat is too fast, too slow or irregular, is also an important signal before sudden death. If you often feel flustered, palpitations, or sudden syncope, this may be an abnormal performance of cardiac electrical activity, which needs great attention.

Arrhythmia may cause the heart to fail to pump blood effectively, and in severe cases, it may cause syncope or even sudden death. If you or someone around you has symptoms of arrhythmia, you should immediately stop any activity and take a sitting or lying position to avoid falling. At the same time, you should see a doctor as soon as possible and have an ECG check for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Although sudden death is threatening, not all of them are untraceable. Understanding and recognizing the distress signal of the body is the key to prevent sudden death. It is strongly recommended that once any one or more of the above symptoms appear, do not hesitate to seek medical treatment immediately.

Original title: "Emergency doctors remind: Before sudden death, the body will send out three important distress signals! 》

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Original Tian yi chi huo institute

It’s Zigong

Yanbang cuisine, by its name, feels like a heavy-flavored cuisine. The fact is true, salt-helped dishes are born of salt, and the characteristics of the cuisine are fragrant, spicy, fresh and heavy.

Yanbang cuisine, also called "Xiaohe cuisine" in the pedigree classification of Sichuan cuisine, takes Zigong in southern Sichuan as the center and also includes Yibin cuisine, Luzhou cuisine and Neijiang cuisine around it.

Zigong fried eel

01

Zigong in Sichuan

/Food nourished by salt resources/

Zigong is a prefecture-level city in Sichuan, and one of its subordinate districts is called ziliujing district. According to the older generation of salt workers, "gravity flow" is not an adjective, but a reality. Brine water is on the surface of the ground, gently cut a hole, and brine "gurgles" like a mountain spring.

Zigong people laughed at themselves: "This palm-sized place", at most, there were more than 10,000 salt wells, which showed that the well salt resources here were rich and the salt merchants’ trade was prosperous.

The salt needs to be boiled after it is beaten.

Under the prosperous trade, the taste of relying on salt to survive has grown: salt workers have to work hard, heavy oil and salt can ensure physical strength and fast meals, and they eat "salt workers’ dishes" with heavy taste.

Salt merchants are rich, paying attention to face and ostentation. They make the dishes carefully crafted by the chefs in your house known as "salt merchants’ dishes". Salt merchants’ dishes abandon some heavy tastes and have a light taste.

The heavy profit of salt drove businessmen from all over the world to gather in Zigong, where they set up provincial guilds, thus giving birth to "guild dishes" that gathered local characteristics and absorbed the practices of various factions.

Hot pork intestines with heavy mouth

Light and tasty chicken tofu pudding

Maybe many people haven’t seen the salt well with their own eyes. It doesn’t have a wide wellhead and water surface visible to the naked eye as most people think. Most of the bittern is buried several hundred meters or even thousands of meters from the ground. People use all kinds of heavy tools to dig the well bit by bit, 5 years, 10 years, 20 years, 200 meters, 300 meters and 800 meters, until the bittern water is produced, and the wellhead is no bigger than a sea bowl.

To draw bittern is to put a long bamboo tube deep into the bottom of the well, pour bittern and lift it to the ground. Whether drilling wells or extracting brine, you need to rely on ladders, winches and cows up to tens of meters. The work on the well is around the clock, and so are the cows pulling the winch. It takes about 50 turns to draw a bucket of bittern. Because of the excessive labor intensity, many cows will die in less than one year.

Crane of Zigong Ancient Salt Well | Phreakster 1998/ wikipedia

Dead cows can’t be wasted. For salt workers who are also working hard, beef is an excellent energy source. Many traditional beef dishes in Yanbang cuisine were born.

Nowadays, boiled beef, which is common in major Sichuan cuisine restaurants, is one of the representatives of salt industry dishes. The spicy taste is thick, smooth and palatable, and the flavor is strong. The enthusiasm of boiled beef is very similar to that of Sichuan people.

Boiled beef | flickr Liu Milu

02

Authentic yanbangcai

/Not just spicy and spicy/

When I went to Zigong a while ago, I was lucky enough to invite a famous local chef to cook a table of authentic salt dishes for us. The impression that salt dishes are spicy and heavy was greatly subverted, and we can also get a glimpse of the reason why Sichuan cuisine can go out of Sichuan and conquer the world.

■ Boiled beef

Let’s start with boiled beef. Is this dish particularly common? But this time I ate something unusual.

At present, the common practice of boiling beef in water is to fry lettuce tips, bean sprouts and other vegetables first, then put the pickled beef in a pan and lubricate it, and finally put it in the sauce and fry it together, and finally pour oil on the table.

However, in the traditional way of boiling beef, you should first stir-fry the ingredients, then stir-fry the vegetables. The sauce has the smell of vegetables, then use it to cook the beef, and finally put in the knife-edge pepper and serve it with oil.

Traditional boiled beef

Although it is only a small difference in steps, it actually tests the chef’s temperature. Stir-fry vegetables first, then beef. If you don’t master the heat well, it will burn. Therefore, for the convenience of the map and the stability of the product, vegetables and beef are usually cooked separately in general restaurants by default.

In the traditional way, vegetables, beef and sauces are combined, and you have me and I have you, and the hemp, spicy, fresh, fragrant and fragrant are compound and rich in layers-this should be the reason why boiled beef is the first Sichuan dish to catch fire.

■ Fireside beef

Another beef dish, which can be served as a cold dish or as a snack, is fireside beef.

Legend has it that this is also the invention of salt workers. In the old days, salt merchants paid beef as part of their wages to salt workers. The salt workers first soaked large pieces of beef in brine to taste, then cut them into extremely thin, almost light-transmissive slices, salted them, spread them flat on a shelf and dried them, and then smoked them by the fire with cow dung as fuel, from which came the "fireside beef". The dried beef slices are crisp but not cotton, and the entrance is crisp and tough.

Huobianzi beef

According to the chef, the process of this dish is not complicated, but it needs a lot of care and experience, because if the beef is cut thin and then spread flat on the bamboo sticks for air drying and smoking, if the experience or patience are insufficient, the meat slices will not be formed, and it will be impossible to become a dish. Therefore, this is all meticulous work, which is very wasteful.

Sichuan has always been one of the places where beef is eaten the most and can be eaten in a variety of ways. Hot yellow throat, hot hairy belly and other dishes made by cattle in the water are also the favorite of salt workers. While salt workers were boiling, frying and baking, chefs working for wealthy businessmen and nobles began to disassemble and cook cows in more detail.

■ Yipin Niutoufang

Yipin Niutoufang is considered as a typical official dish of Shanghe Gang in Sichuan cuisine, and it can also be found in the guild dishes of Yanbang.

Niutoufang is made by burning the skin at the top of the cow’s head to remove the rough epidermis and hairy roots. After a long time, the meat is thick and soft, the gum is elastic and tough, and the aroma is solid and rich. Niutoufang is by no means a stunning taste, but a thick and delicious food in a silent place. Now there are only a handful of chefs who can produce this dish.

Yipin niutoufang

This delicate idea has also been used in other dishes-liver cake soup, a famous and almost lost old dish.

■ Liver cake soup

Liver cake soup is one of the three clear soup dishes in Sichuan cuisine. It is made of liver, clear as water and mellow in taste. Luo Chengji, a scholar of Zigong literature and history, once mentioned "mushroom liver ointment soup" in his works. If it is not difficult for many professional chefs to cook clear soup like water, then making "liver cream" is not the secret that everyone can master.

Liver cake soup

This time, in the hands of Zigong famous chefs, we are also fortunate to taste it. For this dish, the chef began to cook soup from 9: 00 in the morning, with old chicken, ribs, chicken feet, lean meat and ham as the base materials, and kept it boiling for 7 hours with minimal fire.

And the other protagonist: liver, the traditional practice is to use pig liver, and modern chefs will choose a more delicate foie gras. The method of making liver cake was gently taken by the chef, and it was "steamed". In fact, there are secrets in seasoning and modulation. Of course, the cooking skill is still the key. If you don’t master the cooking well, the liver cake is too tender or too rough, and you can’t form a delicate and dense taste.

When the broth has been boiled for enough time, add chicken breast meat and pork meat to absorb blood foam impurities, and then filter for several times until the soup is clear as water and yellowish in color. Then put the shaped and flavored liver cake into the clear soup and steam it in the cage for several minutes before the liver cake soup is ready.

In this dish, the taste of soup is very light, and all the delicious ingredients have been melted into the soup. The elephant is invisible, as elusive as a shadow, and people can’t help but want to catch up and take another look. The entrance of liver cake is delicate and mellow, which is in contrast with the lightness of soup.

However, in the eyes of local people, the dish that can best get through the upper and lower classes in Zigong is the rabbit.

Tutu is so cute, it must be delicious.

There are too many ways for rabbits to eat in salt dishes, such as cold rabbit, double pepper rabbit, dried pepper rabbit, dry pot rabbit, soaked rabbit, scalded rabbit …

Dried pepper rabbit

There were two rabbits in the chef’s banquet: fresh pot rabbit and scalded skin rabbit.

■ Fresh pot rabbit

Fresh pot rabbit, strictly speaking, belongs to the new school of salt-help dishes, which evolved from the traditional double pepper rabbit. No Zigong chef is not perfect in cooking rabbits.

Double pepper rabbit

Fresh pot rabbit is seasoned with fresh pepper, and the soup is used as the base. It is hot and spicy, heavy oil and heavy salt, and it must be served with two bowls of white rice, which is really enjoyable. Diners joked: it’s really a salt-helped dish, so I’m too willing to put salt in it, so I have to use a big bowl of rice to match it. This combination means that I have to do something.

Xianguotu

■ Scalded rabbit

The scalded rabbit is a typical traditional salt merchant dish. "Hot" is actually boiled. The beauty of the word "hot" is that the rabbit meat is delicate. After a short period of boiling, the rabbit meat with a little oil is smoother. It is slightly salty and tender when eaten directly, and the taste is progressive step by step when dipped in water, which is enough to satisfy the guests from all walks of life.

Scalded rabbit

In addition, because of the Tuojiang River, Minjiang River and Fuxi River, in the eyes of the salt chef, fresh river and waterfowl can also have ever-changing tricks.

Salt helps a duck. Take an old duck, remove its bones, stuff it into pork belly, ham and dried bamboo shoots, steam it, and scoop it with a spoon when eating it. It is unusually soft and delicious. Eat loach cold, fry fresh loach first and then fry, let it cool before eating, crispy with glutinous rice, heat and seasoning are indispensable; The young ginger frog, which Zigong people think is small and flexible, is fresher than the bullfrog with thick meat. After the young ginger is fried with the frog, its position is not only an auxiliary material, but often robbed by everyone with the frog …

Young ginger frog

Only after eating this meal did I know that the folk saying that "a salt merchant has a dish and a salt worker has food for half a year" is not empty talk, but it does not mean how valuable ingredients salt merchants like.

Just like the "eggplant" that surprised granny Liu, eggplant and old hen are nothing but ordinary things, even if abalone has wings and belly, it is not rare. What is really rare is to find someone who is willing to spend time and effort to cook ordinary food to amazement. That is the gorgeous chapter seen in the ordinary.

Burning white

* Thanks to Zigong Museum (Ji Chengjing), Zigong Food and Beverage Association, China cooking master Wang Guangkai, China cooking master Zhang Liquan, and famous chef Tonge of Yanbang cuisine for their support to this article.

* This article does not indicate that the source images are from Duoduo and Lamian Noodles.

I can eat a bowl of white rice with this article!

Original title: "Sichuan pilgrimage site, two words-of course not Chengdu! 》

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　　Cctv news(Reporter Li Shaofei) Because of the state visit of the Supreme Leader of president, China, the reports on Serbia have suddenly warmed up.

　　But in fact, in China, most people know little about Serbia. Talking about this country with the "key to the Balkans", Chinese people are still more impressed by the "Yugoslavia" era, which has become a historical term.

　　In that distant but unforgettable memory, there are Tito, the leader who never bowed to power, Walter, the elusive guerrilla hero, the passionate Yugoslav football, and the vicissitudes and beautiful ancient city Belgrade … …

　　Man of iron "Tito"

Tito statue (photo by Xue Qun) Image source: Xinhua International

　　There is no doubt that Tito is the totem of modern Yugoslavia. In the special era of the two world wars, in the face of the invasion of fascism, Tito, as commander-in-chief of the People’s Army, United the divided Balkan Peninsula into a powerful whole with his super personal charm, and Yugoslavia, which was formed by the union of six republics including Serbia and Croatia, twisted into a rope and fought bravely against the invaders.

　　Tito’s legend goes beyond that. After World War II, unlike most socialist countries, Yugoslavia under his administration deliberately kept a distance from the Soviet Union and insisted on independence and non-alignment movement. Yugoslavia is the only socialist country in Europe that has not joined the Warsaw Pact, openly challenging Big Brother.

　　After successive assassinations, Tito said strongly in his letter to Stalin: Don’t send someone to kill me. We have arrested 500 people, some with bombs and some with guns … … If you still send someone to kill me, then I will send someone to Moscow, and I will definitely not send the second one.

　　In 1974, 82-year-old Tito became the lifelong president of Yugoslavia. In 1977, the communist party revolutionary was invited to visit China. Tito, who insisted on independence and was not afraid of power all his life, was warmly sought after in China.

　　In 1980, Yugoslavia’s "God-given leader" died of illness. Twelve years after Tito’s death, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which was founded by this great leader, was dissolved.

　　Guerrilla hero "Walter"

　Walter Defends Sarajevo has influenced a generation in China, and Walter’s image is deeply rooted in people’s hearts. Image source: Xinhuanet

　　If Tito is a realistic hero of Yugoslavia, then Walter is a superman on the screen.

　　Walter is from the classic Yugoslav film Walter Defends Sarajevo. In the 1980s, this film was introduced into China and gained a large number of fans.

　　Walter, the hero, is brave and witty, and the heroic image of leading guerrillas to fight against German Nazi aggression is deeply rooted in the hearts of Chinese people. Walter has also become synonymous with Yugoslav nationals, so that today, more than 40 years later, the death of Bata Zivojinovic, the leading actor in the film, still arouses a flood of nostalgia in China, which shows the influence of Walter in China.

　　This reflects the popularity of Yugoslav films in China in those years. Apart from Walter Defending Sarajevo, films and TV works such as The Bridge and The Blacklist are also popular in China. It can be said that in the 1970s and 1980s, Yugoslav films were as popular in China as domestic audiences loved Hollywood blockbusters.

　　The Golden Age of Yugoslav Football

Red Star Belgrade, which won the Champions League in 1991

　　Football is another indelible impression of Yugoslavia. In the second half of the last century, Yugoslav football, with both European body and American skills, was at its peak.

　　In the first World Cup after World War II, Yugoslavia finished fifth, and in the 1962 World Cup, they reached the semi-finals. The record of the European Cup is even more brilliant. In 1960 and 1968, Yugoslavia won the runner-up twice.

　　After entering the 1980s and 1990s, Yugoslav football reached its peak. The domestic league champion Red Star Belgrade won the Champions League in 1990-91 and the Toyota Cup in 1991, and a number of talented players such as Suk, Bo Ban, savicevic and Pan Caifu were born. At that time, European giants such as Real Madrid, Barcelona and AC Milan often had Yugoslav players.

　　However, in a longer period of time, Yugoslav football is playing a sad role. Although there are many talented people, due to internal consumption and disputes, Yugoslav football at the national team level has never won the championship.

　　In 1992, the Yugoslav team, which was at its peak and had a high voice to win the championship, had to quit because of the civil war, resulting in a romantic "Danish fairy tale", which replaced Yugoslavia and won the championship in one fell swoop.

　　After the dissolution of the Yugoslav Federation, that beautiful and sad golden age also went with it. However, the glory and beauty of the past are still amazing from time to time. The words of former Bosnia and Herzegovina coach Susic are the epitome of this complex: "If it weren’t for the war, Yugoslavia might win the World Cup one day. I know that thinking like this has long been useless, but sometimes you still dream that all this can happen. "

　　The city called Belgrade.　

Belgrade　

　　As the former capital of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and now the capital of Serbia, Belgrade, together with Havana in Cuba and Tirana in Albania, has been regarded as the three bright lights of socialism for a long time, and Chinese people have special feelings for this historic city.

　　But sadly, due to fierce and frequent wars, this beautiful city has experienced hardships and scars. During World War II alone, it was bombed twice: in 1941, the attack by German troops paralyzed all the public service systems in this city, and the destroyed buildings included the National Library and most government agencies. At the end of the war in 1944, British and American planes bombed Beicheng under the Nazi occupation of Germany for another half year. After the end of World War II, more than one third of the houses in this city were in ruins. In 1999, this modern city was attacked by NATO again.

　　After entering the new century, this ancient city finally ushered in a relatively quiet period, and Belgrade was able to regain its glory. Today, beautiful sava river passes through the urban area, dividing Belgrade into two parts, an antique old city on one side and a new city with modern buildings on the other.

　　People can easily stroll in the Mikhail Square in the center of the city, or walk in the artistic old street of Scatania. You can also climb the ancient castle in Kalemegdan Park and look out. Here, the clear sava river pours into the long Danube, and the whole city has a panoramic view.

　　On 17th, it will welcome the distinguished guests from China and continue to write the friendship story between two legendary countries.

Huang Yun:Good morning, journalists and friends! I’m Huang Yun, director of the General Office of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China and spokesperson. Welcome to the press conference of the State Administration of Taxation. Present at today’s conference are Ms. Meng Yuying, Director of the International Taxation Department of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, Mr. Rong Hai Lou, Director of the Income Planning and Accounting Department, and Mr. Shen Xinguo, Director of the Tax Service Department. They will introduce relevant information and answer your questions.

Huang Yun, Director of the General Office of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China and spokesperson.

The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized the need to adhere to the people-centered development ideology, so that the achievements of modernization can benefit all people more fairly, and put forward clear requirements for further optimizing the business environment. The State Administration of Taxation thoroughly studied and implemented the spirit of the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of China, fully implemented the decision-making arrangements made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and focused on the "urgent difficulties and worries" of taxpayers. This year, with the theme of "doing a good job in benefiting the people and modernizing services", it launched the "Spring Breeze Action for Facilitating Taxes" for the 10th consecutive year, and launched the first batch of 17 measures for facilitating services to further solve practical problems and continuously optimize the tax business environment. These measures have been welcomed by taxpayers and payers, and some of them have been effective. For example, 13 items of tax-related fees were included in the scope of allowance, and 34 items of tax and fee information were further streamlined. Digital RMB payment of taxes and fees met the diversified needs of taxpayers, and tax and fee processing was more efficient and faster. Another example is to further play the role of tax big data, and on the premise of respecting the wishes of enterprises, to bridge the gap between enterprises with poor supply chain in the industrial chain and help the supply and demand sides to connect. In January, 426 enterprises have been helped to realize effective purchase and sale of 980 million yuan independently.

While wholeheartedly implementing the first batch of measures of the "Spring Breeze Action for Convenient Taxation", we further focused on the new demands and expectations of taxpayers and payers, and then launched the second batch of 25 measures for convenient service. These measures cover a wider range and are richer in content, and mainly have the following characteristics:First, focus on the efficient implementation of policies to help enterprises solve difficulties.For example, multi-channel accurate policy push will make the tax and fee policy dividend better direct and fast.The second is to focus on promoting intelligent taxation to help enterprises reduce burdens and increase efficiency.For example, the implementation of social insurance handling and payment business "through one network" and the exploration of the implementation of "one-click zero declaration" of stamp duty of electronic taxation bureau will make taxation more intelligent and convenient.The third is to focus on optimizing law enforcement methods to help enterprises compete fairly.For example, for some tax-related matters of a specific nature, we will implement law enforcement methods such as persuasion and education, prompting and reminding, actively carry out credit repair, and guide business entities to participate in fair competition and develop healthily and orderly.

In recent years, China tax authorities have also actively served the high-level opening-up and high-quality joint construction of the Belt and Road, blowing the "convenience spring breeze" to the Belt and Road.

In April 2019, in order to implement the spirit of the important instructions of the Chairman of the Supreme Leader on jointly building the Belt and Road and deepening international tax cooperation, at the initiative of China and State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, the "Belt and Road" tax collection and management cooperation mechanism was formally established, dedicated to improving the coordination and reciprocity in the tax field of the "Belt and Road" countries and building a growth-friendly tax environment. The "One Belt, One Road" tax collection and management capacity promotion alliance is an institution specifically responsible for capacity building such as training, research and technical assistance under the cooperation mechanism. Today, the Alliance will publicly release version 1.0 of the Alliance curriculum system to the world through the cooperation mechanism of official website and the website of the Belt and Road Taxation Institute. In the construction of this curriculum system, China has actively participated in and contributed an important force through the Alliance Office. Its popularization and application will give full play to the multilateral role of the cooperation mechanism, and help us deepen international tax exchange and cooperation, and work with the tax authorities of the Belt and Road partners to jointly build the Belt and Road with high quality. Mainly reflected in:

First, take tax as the medium, learn from each other and promote the improvement of ability together.By jointly launching the curriculum system and in-depth tax training, the alliance is conducive to deepening cooperation and complementing each other’s advantages, and helping the "Belt and Road" partners to jointly improve their tax collection and management capabilities in strengthening experience sharing and mutual learning.

The second is to help finance with taxes, enhance recognition and promote the integration of rules.China’s tax authorities actively participate in the formulation of international tax rules, and promote the Belt and Road partners to better abide by and improve tax rules through alliance training, so as to enhance tax certainty, which is conducive to promoting the "soft connectivity" of rules and standards of member countries.

The third is to serve the overall situation and promote economic and trade convenience with taxation.Relying on cooperation mechanisms and alliances, China tax authorities will further strengthen personnel training, deepen international tax cooperation and mutual assistance in tax collection and management, which will help to eliminate cross-border trade and investment barriers and better promote the trade liberalization and facilitation of "Belt and Road" partners.

I’ll introduce these first, and then enter the question-and-answer session. Welcome to ask questions.

CCTV reporter from the Central Radio and Television General Station asked questions.

1. CCTV reporter from the Central Radio and Television General Station: Just now, Director Huang mentioned that the tax authorities have launched the second batch of 25 successive measures of the "Spring Breeze Action for Facilitating Taxes". Please introduce the specific situation.

Shen Xinguo, Director of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Tax Service Department

Shen Xinguo:Thank you for your question. The State Administration of Taxation launched the second batch of 25 measures, focusing on solving practical problems for taxpayers and payers from six aspects.

In terms of "improving the quality of appeal response",Five measures, such as promoting preferential tax policies and optimizing the functions of natural person tax management system, were introduced to optimize tax payment services and enhance tax payment experience. For example, the tax authorities will make good use of the "Fengqiao experience" in the new era, continue to unblock the channels for taxpayers to express their demands and protect their rights and interests, give full play to the role of mediation, and better safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of taxpayers and payers.

In terms of "policy implementation and efficiency improvement",Five measures, such as optimizing the library of tax and fee policies and regulations, strengthening the publicity and interpretation of tax and fee policies, and improving the awareness and delivery rate of policies, were introduced. For example, the State Administration of Taxation will optimize and improve the official website tax and fee policies and regulations library to further facilitate the public to inquire about the tax and fee policies; The "Volunteer Action of Tax Youth Helping Enterprises and Benefiting the People" will also be launched, and the vast number of tax youths will be organized to provide taxpayers with more detailed and temperature-sensitive services in the form of voluntary service, so as to promote the more accurate and effective implementation of tax and fee policies.

In terms of "fine service upgrading",Five measures were introduced, such as strengthening regional law enforcement coordination, jointly carrying out theme service month activities to help small and medium-sized enterprises develop with the departments of industry and information technology, and deepening the pilot project of "bank-tax interaction" data direct connection with the banking and insurance supervision department to better serve high-quality development. For example, the tax authorities will deepen the interactive service of tax collection and payment, and help taxpayers to solve the policy and operation problems encountered in online tax payment through "ask" and "do" collaborative services such as accurate push, intelligent response and sharing on the same screen, and assist them to complete business processing, making "non-contact" tax payment more convenient and easier to handle.

In terms of "speeding up intelligent taxation",Three measures were introduced to improve the convenience of tax payment, such as optimizing the tax terminal function of natural person tax management information system, continuously implementing social insurance handling and online "one-line communication" for payment business. For example, the tax authorities will further expand the promotion results of electronic tax payment across provinces, provide more convenient tax payment methods for taxpayers operating across provinces, and realize cross-provincial tax payment without leaving home.

In terms of "streamlining processes and upgrading",Five measures, such as simplifying the stamp duty declaration process and promoting the pilot of the occupational injury protection system, were introduced to optimize the taxpayer’s handling experience. For example, the tax authorities will simplify the stamp duty declaration process, explore the combined declaration of taxable contracts with the same tax items in some industries and keep them for future reference, optimize the stamp duty declaration of the electronic tax bureau, explore the realization of "one-click zero declaration", and further optimize the taxpayer’s tax declaration experience.

In terms of "standardizing law enforcement and upgrading",Two measures were introduced to further optimize tax law enforcement and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of taxpayers and payers. For example, for some tax-related business matters of a specific nature, persuasion and education, tips and reminders are promoted and used; We will strengthen the dynamic management of information on the subject of major tax violations and dishonesty, actively carry out credit repair work for taxpayers who meet the compliance conditions after correcting mistakes, and guide them to operate legally and standardize their development.

In the next step, the tax authorities will pay close attention to the implementation of the above measures, promote the spring breeze of tax collection for the convenience of the people, warm the people’s hearts, and continuously improve the sense of acquisition and satisfaction of taxpayers and payers.

Thank you!

People’s Daily reporter asked questions.

2. People’s Daily reporter: Just now, Director Shen said that one of the important contents of the second batch of measures of "Spring Breeze Action for Convenient Taxation" is to further expand the promotion results of electronic tax payment across provinces in China. Can you tell us more about it?

Rong Hai Building, Director of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Revenue Planning and Accounting Department

Rong Hai building:Thank you for your question. In recent years, the tax authorities have vigorously promoted electronic tax payment and made great efforts to provide taxpayers with convenient and efficient tax service. At present, 99% of tax returns have been processed online, and more than 95% of taxes have been paid into the warehouse by electronic tax payment. However, there are some problems, such as the low degree of electronicization and inconvenience, in the transfer and payment between the place of registration and the place of business, for the payable taxes arising from the establishment of project departments and branches across provinces and other places to carry out business activities (such as the establishment of project departments across provinces and other places to provide construction and installation services). To this end, since 2021, the tax department and the treasury department of the People’s Bank of China have strengthened collaborative innovation. With the strong support of relevant commercial banks, 12 regions in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and other regions with active inter-provincial business activities have been selected to take the lead in launching cross-provincial electronic tax payment pilots, and in 2022, the promotion efforts have been further strengthened, the application scope has been expanded, and positive results have been achieved. In 2022, more than 150 commercial banks have supported the inter-provincial and off-site electronic tax payment business, and handled a total of 310,000 inter-provincial and off-site electronic tax payments with a tax revenue of 57.5 billion yuan. Taxpayers report that after electronic tax payment across provinces and different places is realized, it can be handled without leaving home, which effectively reduces the burden and improves efficiency.

This year, we will continue to improve and perfect in accordance with the deployment arrangement of the "Spring Breeze Action for Convenient Taxation", and further expand the promotion results of electronic tax payment across provinces and different places in China.On the one hand,Expand the coverage of local commercial banks, cooperate with the treasury department of the People’s Bank of China to further enhance the participation of some local commercial banks that have not yet joined this business in implementing cross-provincial electronic tax payment, guide and promote more qualified local commercial banks to participate in and support cross-provincial electronic tax payment.On the other hand,Expand the coverage of tax payment business. At present, commercial banks mainly support taxpayers who have signed tax deduction agreements with tax authorities and banks to handle cross-provincial electronic tax payment business, and promote commercial banks to further optimize system functions, increase support for taxpayers who have not signed tax deduction agreements to handle cross-provincial electronic tax payment business, and further enhance the convenience of taxpayers operating across provinces. Thank you!

China securities journal reporter asked questions.

3. Reporter from china securities journal: It is also an important measure of the "Spring Breeze Action for Facilitating Taxes" to do a good job in the first batch of tax-related reform measures replicated and promoted in the whole country. Can you tell us more about it?

Shen Xinguo:Thank you for your question. Optimizing the business environment is the key to cultivate and stimulate the vitality of business entities and enhance the endogenous power of development. In 2021, the State Council was deployed in six cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and Shenzhen to carry out business environment innovation pilot projects. The Party Committee of the State Administration of Taxation fully implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, thoroughly implemented the pilot work of business environment innovation, guided and urged the tax bureaus of six pilot cities to implement 16 tax-related measures and achieved remarkable results. In September, 2022, the General Office of the State Council issued the Notice on Replicating and Promoting Pilot Reform Measures of Business Environment Innovation, and decided to replicate and promote 50 pilot innovation measures nationwide, including 12 tax-related measures. The main highlights of these measures are:

First, continue to compress the tax payment time.The implementation of "multi-tax integration" comprehensive declaration, the pilot unit to integrate corporate income tax and property and behavior tax comprehensive declaration, relying on the electronic tax bureau to achieve "one declaration, one payment, one voucher"; Beijing, Shanghai and Chongqing also include value-added tax, consumption tax and vehicle purchase tax in the scope of comprehensive declaration, making it easier for taxpayers to declare. The pilot units distribute tax UKey to taxpayers in non-contact ways such as self-collection, mail delivery and so on through channels such as electronic tax bureau. Up to now, each pilot unit has distributed more than 500,000 tax UKey in a "non-contact" way to facilitate taxpayers to issue invoices.

The second is to optimize the law enforcement supervision mechanism.Explore new ways of flexible supervision, establish a list of non-compulsory administrative measures, and implement non-compulsory administrative measures for matters that are obviously minor or have no obvious social harm and can achieve the purpose of administrative management by non-compulsory means. Up to now, the pilot units have identified 28 items that will not be enforced, which embodies the concept of "combining leniency with severity" in tax law enforcement. Accurately implement tax supervision, and explore and promote the construction of a new tax supervision system based on "credit+risk". According to the tax credit status of business entities, the pilot units will implement classified management in matters such as invoice collection and tax cancellation, and in accordance with the principle of "encouraging trustworthiness and punishing dishonesty", so that trustworthy taxpayers can enjoy more convenience, and taxpayers with low credit ratings will be subject to key supervision and strict supervision.

The third is to promote data sharing.Try out the online inquiry and verification of the national travel tax payment information, so as to facilitate the insurance institutions in the pilot cities to inquire about the national travel tax payment, and facilitate the vehicles in different places to apply for insurance and pay taxes. At the same time, the tax bureaus of the pilot cities actively cooperate with the market supervision departments to expand the business scope of "one network to run" and implement the reform of "multi-reporting in one" in the annual report of enterprises, so as to make data "run more roads" and taxpayers "run less errands".

In the next step, we will improve the working mechanism of "promoting implementation, preventing risks, supervising and asking for efficiency, tracking and evaluating, and continuously optimizing", and guide the tax authorities of pilot cities to firmly grasp the opportunities for reform, focus on what taxpayers need and expect, increase the intensity of trying first and accumulate more innovative experience. At the same time, guide and urge the tax authorities in non-pilot areas to effectively do a good job in replication and promotion, so that innovative measures can achieve greater results nationwide and promote the overall continuous optimization and improvement of China’s tax business environment.

Thank you!

Xinhua News Agency reporter asked questions.

4. Xinhua News Agency reporter: Director Huang just talked about the "Belt and Road" tax collection and management capacity promotion alliance. Excuse me, what is the main work carried out by this alliance and how effective is it?

Meng Yuying, Director of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China International Taxation Department.

Meng Yuying:Thank you for your question. The "Belt and Road" tax collection and management cooperation mechanism (hereinafter referred to as the cooperation mechanism) is the first long-term multilateral tax cooperation mechanism initiated by China. The cooperation mechanism is based on the concerns of the tax authorities of the countries that jointly build the "Belt and Road", and is committed to strengthening the capacity building of tax collection and management and promoting the construction of a growth-friendly tax environment. At present, the number of members of the Council of the cooperation mechanism has increased to 36, and the number of observers has increased to 30. The "circle of friends" and its influence have continued to expand.

The "Belt and Road" Alliance for Promoting Tax Collection and Management Capacity (hereinafter referred to as the Alliance) is an important part of the cooperation mechanism and a multilateral institution responsible for carrying out capacity-building projects such as training, research and technical assistance. The President of the Alliance is responsible for coordinating and organizing the implementation of the Alliance’s work plan and training programs; There is an alliance office, which is responsible for coordinating the development of the "Belt and Road" tax college and other related work of the alliance, and co-located with the secretariat of the cooperation mechanism in Beijing. As a member of the Alliance, China State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, together with the tax authorities of 19 other members of the Alliance and 14 partners, has made great efforts to enhance tax exchange and cooperation among countries that have jointly built the Belt and Road Initiative, and promote the common improvement of tax collection and management capabilities.

Since the alliance was established more than three years ago, it has mainly done the following work:

The first is to carry out various forms of tax training.Carrying out tax training is the main starting point for the alliance to promote the common improvement of collection and management capabilities. Since the first training session was held in Yangzhou "One Belt, One Road" Taxation College in 2019, the Alliance has held more than 50 training sessions through online and offline training modes, and more than 3,000 tax officials from more than 100 countries (regions) have participated in the training, which has deepened tax cooperation and friendship among countries and won unanimous praise from students from all over the world.

The second is to build a "Belt and Road" tax college.At present, the Alliance has successively established five "Belt and Road" tax colleges in Yangzhou, China, Beijing, China, Macao, China, Astana, Kazakhstan and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and established a network of multilingual training institutions radiating English, Chinese, Portuguese, Russian and Arabic. The alliance takes Yangzhou "Belt and Road" Taxation College as the main position, which drives Astana, Macao, China and other colleges to carry out various training activities to meet the development needs of different regions every year, and the role of the alliance training institution network is increasingly apparent.

The third is to form an international team of teachers.Tax experts are widely invited by the Alliance Office to join the first batch of expert teachers in the Alliance. These experts come from government finance and taxation departments, international organizations, academic circles and industries, and their offices are located in 13 countries (regions) on 5 continents. They have profound industry background, good professional quality and rich working experience, which fully embodies the requirements of specialization and internationalization. Experts in the field of taxation in China and officials from taxation departments also actively participated in the lectures.

The fourth is to promote the construction of the alliance curriculum system.Since the training in 2019, relying on the Yangzhou Belt and Road Taxation Institute, the Alliance has successively launched four online courses, namely, tax dispute resolution, digitalization of tax collection and management, tax service and value-added tax reform. On this basis, the Alliance Office has extensively absorbed opinions and suggestions from all parties, actively learned from the experience of other international organizations in carrying out professional training, and designed and completed version 1.0 of the Alliance curriculum system.

According to the development plan of the alliance, the alliance office will invite more international tax experts to join the team of alliance experts, further strengthen cooperation and exchanges based on the characteristics of the "Belt and Road" tax colleges, comprehensively develop knowledge products, share training resources such as teachers and courses, realize the alliance training with wider coverage, larger scale and richer content, promote the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" countries, and further enhance the international influence of the alliance.

China Daily reporter asked questions.

5. China Daily reporter: Director Meng just talked about the 1.0 version of the curriculum system of the "Belt and Road" tax collection and management capacity promotion alliance. Can you introduce this curriculum system in detail?

Meng Yuying:Thank you for your question. The Alliance Office will release version 1.0 of the Alliance Curriculum System in official website today. In order to continue to play the role of the alliance capacity-building platform, realize the common improvement of the tax collection and management capacity of the countries building the Belt and Road, and promote the standardization and systematization of alliance training, the alliance is practical, practical and effective-oriented, adheres to the scientific, systematic and inclusive design concept, closely follows the functional orientation of the tax department and the duties of tax personnel, and constantly summarizes practical experience to design and form the alliance curriculum system version 1.0, aiming at helping students understand tax rules and best through training.

The 1.0 version of the curriculum system includes 4 themes and 65 courses. The four themes are tax system, tax collection and digitalization, tax business environment and tax service, and tax cooperation. According to the principles of from shallow to deep, from easy to difficult, from simple to complex, alliance courses are divided into three levels: primary, intermediate and advanced. 90% of the courses will be launched before August this year, and all courses will be launched during the year.

The design of version 1.0 of the alliance curriculum system mainly has three characteristics:

First, insist on discussing, building and sharing.The Alliance Office fully communicates with the members of the cooperation mechanism, alliance members, partners and academic circles, and brainstorms ideas to jointly build an alliance curriculum system. Invite tax officials from relevant countries (regions), teachers from the "Belt and Road" tax institute and experts from international organizations to participate in the course design and teaching. The remarkable increase in the participation of all parties better reflects the multilateral characteristics of the alliance and will further promote mutual learning and learning.

The second is to adhere to demand orientation.The course not only covers the universally applicable contents such as tax system, tax collection and management, and tax service, but also takes into account the areas such as tax dispute settlement and business environment optimization that tax officials in countries building the "Belt and Road" together, and at the same time, appropriately integrates the frontier research hotspots in the international tax field such as the "two-pillar" scheme. Combined with the feedback from the questionnaire of the students in the pilot courses and the practical experience of training, these course designs can better meet the training needs of tax personnel in countries that jointly build the "Belt and Road".

The third is to adhere to dynamic, inclusive and open.The alliance curriculum system adopts the design idea of dynamic optimization, closely follows the development and changes of international rules, pays attention to the latest trends of international taxation, continuously updates and dynamically adjusts according to the actual needs and feedback from students’ questionnaires, aiming at the innovation of taxation theory and practice. At the same time, we will draw on and absorb opinions from all walks of life, welcome countries to share their best practices on the alliance platform, and continue to invite experts from all walks of life to participate in teaching, open to the world and constantly improve.

State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, China actively participated in the curriculum design of the Alliance, and introduced and shared the experiences and practices of China tax authorities. In the next step, according to the development plan of the Alliance, the Alliance Office will work with all participants and lecturers to promote courseware production and translation, video recording and online courses in an orderly manner, further optimize and improve the courses according to the actual situation, and make preparations for opening offline courses.

Thank you!

China Youth Daily reporter asked questions.

6. China Youth Daily reporter: We are concerned that in recent years, some criminals have carried out tax-related fraud through the Internet. Excuse me, how can taxpayers prevent this kind of fraud? What has the tax department done to crack down on online tax-related fraud?

Huang Yun:Thank you for your question. As you said, in recent years, some lawless elements have used the Internet and new media to conduct false guidance and even implement online tax-related fraud, extending the "black hand" to taxpayers.

According to the information we have collected, there are at least the following types of online tax-related fraud: some directly swindle taxpayers’ money to gain illegal benefits, some illegally defraud taxpayers’ information, especially personal privacy and business secrets, for "gray transactions", and some deliberately create panic to attract taxpayers to expand their business. From the point of view of means, criminals usually pretend to be tax officials in the form of text messages, telephone calls, internet or even direct visits, and use tax inspection, winning prizes and other excuses to induce taxpayers to transfer payments or provide relevant information; Others use video clips, online training and other means to distort and interpret tax policies and tax management, and deceive taxpayers in the name of helping solve tax-related problems to achieve their illegal profit.

Here, we give the taxpayers some tips to prevent fraud and fraud:The first is to raise awareness of prevention.In case of pretending to be a tax official to collect taxes and fees, promoting various "new policies" for tax refund or receiving unknown links and QR codes forged as tax-related information, we must be highly vigilant, refuse temptation, calmly identify, and never reveal privacy or make transfer payments.The second is to identify official channels.Carry out business handling and tax-related consultation through the official websites of the State Administration of Taxation and local tax authorities, service hotlines, electronic tax bureaus and other channels. Don’t trust unofficial information and channels, and beware of fraud induced by criminals.The third is to report and verify in time.In case of any relevant situation, please consult the 12366 service hotline or the competent tax authorities for further verification, or immediately call 110 and the national anti-fraud hotline 96110 for help.

The State Administration of Taxation attaches great importance to cracking down on online tax-related fraud, continues to carry out anti-fraud propaganda, and actively establishes and improves the linkage mechanism with public security departments to carry out governance. At the same time, the State Internet Information Office and the State Administration of Markets jointly issued the "On Regulating Tax-related Intermediary Services   The Notice on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Tax-related Intermediary Industry severely investigated and dealt with illegal acts such as false propaganda information and malicious tax planning by tax-related intermediaries, and publicly exposed a number of typical cases with bad nature.

In the next step, we will continue to intensify efforts to control tax-related fraud and public exposure, strengthen the crackdown and strengthen the shock, and fully protect the national tax interests and the legitimate rights and interests of taxpayers.

Thank you!

Huang Yun:Because of the time, the question-and-answer session ends here. In the next step, the national tax system will continue to follow the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, and continue to carry out the "Spring Breeze Action to Facilitate Taxes" in accordance with the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, constantly optimize the tax business environment, actively promote high-quality development, fully serve the high-level opening up, give full play to and expand the basic, pillar and supportive role of tax revenue in national governance, and promote the overall improvement of economic operation and achieve effective upgrading and upgrading of quality.

Today’s press conference is over. Thank you again for your friends from the media.

　　Xu Peng correspondent Chang Yongzhen recently learned from Zaozhuang Public Security Bureau of Shandong Province that after three months of careful layout, Xuecheng Public Security Bureau destroyed criminal gangs that set up casinos in Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places, arrested 278 suspects including Zhou, destroyed 404 dens and seized 380 gambling machines, involving more than 20 million yuan. To this end, the Ministry of Public Security specially sent a congratulatory message to congratulate the bureau on successfully detecting the case of "6 19" opening a casino.

　　The time goes back to April 28th, 2018. During the daily public security management, the police of Tao Zhuang Police Station of Xuecheng Branch found that someone in a supermarket in this town used gambling machines to gamble. The police immediately inspected the supermarket and seized four gambling machines on the spot. Then the police summoned the supermarket owner Cao to the police station for investigation. During the inquiry, the keen police found that Cao was unclear about the basic situation of machine maintenance and the amount of gambling funds, and suspected that the case was otherwise hidden.

　　On May 12th, Xuecheng Branch continued to investigate Cao’s suspicion of opening a casino as a criminal case. With the unremitting efforts of the police, Cao confessed the basic facts of the case. Since April 2017, he and others have placed gambling machines and fishing machines in supermarkets operated by individuals for others to gamble, involving more than 30,000 yuan. At the same time, Cao confessed that the gambling machine in his store was placed by Anhui people, and Anhui people would regularly collect gambling money and maintain the gambling machine.

　　After investigation, Cao was an Anhui native who set up gambling outlets in many provinces. According to the idea of "information flow looking for clues, capital flow looking for evidence", the task force started with the bills involved and the flow of funds, made full use of big data resources such as public security cloud and police thousand degrees, and with the technical support of relevant business departments of Zaozhuang Public Security Bureau, strengthened in-depth analysis and judgment on the information of criminal suspects’ social activities, information communication, etc., and made comprehensive analysis of public security big data, screening and tracking at different levels, and carefully combed the network and organizational structure of the criminal gang.

　　After preliminary investigation, it was determined that the leader of the gang was Zhou Mougan, a native of Huaibei, Anhui Province, and Zhou Moushuai and Chen Mou Dong were its backbone forces. The crimes were committed in ten leeway cities such as Anhui, Shandong and Jiangsu provinces.

　　On the basis of fully grasping the suspect’s foothold, on July 17, more than 30 police officers of the task force went to Huaibei City to carry out the network-closing operation, and arrested 10 gang members such as the suspect Zhou Mogan. Shortly thereafter, the 10 action teams of the task force rushed to Yicheng, Shizhong, Shanting, Tengzhou and other districts and cities in Zaozhuang City, Suzhou City in Anhui Province, Xuzhou City in Jiangsu Province, Linyi, Jining, Heze and other surrounding cities in our province, respectively, and concentrated on the key targets that were sorted out in advance, and arrested 22 suspects.

　　On August 8, 2018, in accordance with the unified deployment of the "broken chain" action of the Ministry of Public Security, the area involved in the case carried out a centralized sweeping operation, and 38 gambling machines of various types were seized, 5 people were detained in criminal detention, 1 person was released on bail pending trial, and 7 people were administratively punished. At present, the case has arrested 278 suspects, destroyed 404 dens and seized 380 gambling machines.

　　Because the case spans many provinces and cities, involving many people, it is very difficult to investigate the case, and the Ministry of Public Security, provincial offices and municipal bureaus have given strong support in technical strength, regional coordination, judgment and analysis. Due to the seriousness of the case, Xuecheng Branch established a task force with Sun Hongwei, deputy head of Xuecheng District Government and director of the branch, as the commander, and the main responsible comrades of various police types as members. More than 130 police officers and auxiliary police officers were deployed to participate in the investigation of the project. All police types and departments firmly established the idea of "playing a game of chess", fighting joint warfare, synthetic warfare and regional coordinated warfare, and formed a concerted effort to tackle the problem.

Recently, Fred Lambert, a reporter from foreign media electrek, released a video that was tested in the Blue Ridge Mountains in North Carolina. The video shows that during the test, this version of the FSD existed many times, that is, the vehicle suddenly slowed down without necessity, and even almost drove the car to a cliff.

Fred was always ready to take over during the test. In this test, Fred only took over once, that is, the time when Tesla FSD Beta V10.12 drove the car to the cliff.

On the whole, during the 13-minute test, the overall performance of Tesla FSD beta version V10.12 is ok, but many times of "ghost braking" and wrong judgment are still frightening, and problems such as "ghost braking" still need to be solved.

Fred said that the reason why he chose to test in the Blue Ridge Mountains is that there are few intersections here and the road traffic markings are clear. He believes that in this environment, Tesla’s FSD will perform well.

This is also the case. In most cases in the test, the computer vision inspection system of FSD Beta V10.12 runs well, and Fred’s Model 3 always stays in the center of the lane.

▲ the path of FSD planning

In the middle of the test, Fred met hikers, who were close to the road and the road was not covered by shoulders. Tesla FSD Beta V10.12 version, then controlled the vehicle to slow down, and even planned to drive a little to the left to make way for the hikers.

However, in addition to these advantages, Tesla FSD Beta V10.12 has some serious shortcomings.

Fred said that the most annoying thing about FSD Beta V10.12 is that the vehicle suddenly slows down without sufficient reason.

The video shows that "ghost braking" happened several times during driving. Although Fred feels that the sudden deceleration is not so obvious when the "ghost brake" occurs, it may only be because the speed of this test is a little slow.

In addition, Fred also noticed that the speed of Tesla FSD Beta V10.12 in controlling the turning of vehicles is also somewhat inconsistent. As you can see in the video, Tesla’s FSD controls the vehicle to slow down at some corners that don’t seem to need to slow down.

▲ FSD controls the vehicle to turn.

In addition, in the 8-mile (about 12.8 km) and 13-minute test, Fred only took over the driver once, but this time it was taken over in a very dangerous situation.

In the 12th minute and 56th second of the test, Tesla FSD Beta V10.12 controls the vehicle to turn sharply too fast. When Fred found that the car was crossing two lanes and heading for the other side of the road, he immediately stepped on the brakes. It was a very scary moment.

▲ Tesla FSD turned sharply and almost threw the owner off the cliff.

Strangely, the FSD beta version V 10.12 should know that there is a sharp turn in this road and it is necessary to slow down the vehicle. Because its speed is 10 mph (16 km/h) slower than the set speed, but somehow it didn’t correctly predict that turn.

In addition, it can be seen from the predicted path (blue line) displayed on the screen inside the car.

According to Fred’s test video, there are still many problems in Tesla’s FSD Beta V10.12 version. Although this version has greatly improved the recognition of some straight roads and vehicles, the problems of "ghost braking" and automatic turning still need to be solved.

This test also reminds Tesla owners that if they use this version of the test software, they still need to be highly vigilant and ready to take over at any time to ensure driving safety.

　　According to the website of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission continues to promote the opening of banking and insurance industry to the outside world, optimize the business environment for foreign investors in the financial sector, enrich market supply, enhance market vitality, enhance competitiveness and promote the healthy development of China’s financial industry. Recently, seven new policies and measures for opening to the outside world have been studied and released.

　　I. Encourage overseas financial institutions to participate in the establishment and investment of financial subsidiaries of commercial banks.

　　The Measures for the Administration of Financial Subsidiaries of Commercial Banks clearly stipulates that financial subsidiaries of banks can be wholly-owned by commercial banks, or jointly funded with domestic and foreign financial institutions and domestic non-financial enterprises. Introducing foreign financial institutions with expertise and international influence in wealth management and investing in bank wealth management subsidiaries is conducive to introducing advanced and mature investment concepts, business strategies, incentive mechanisms and compliance risk control systems in the international asset management industry, further enriching the supply of financial products, stimulating the vitality of market competition and promoting the healthy and orderly development of China’s bank wealth management business. China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission will guide qualified and willing banks to strengthen active contact with relevant foreign-funded financial institutions, and continue to encourage and guide bank wealth management subsidiaries to do a good job in introducing foreign capital.

　　Two, allow overseas asset management institutions and subsidiaries of Chinese banks or insurance companies to set up a foreign-controlled wealth management company.

　　China’s asset management market has a huge scale and development potential, and it is difficult for existing asset management institutions to fully meet the rapidly growing diversified market demand. Compared with international advanced asset management institutions, most of the asset management institutions of Chinese banks and insurance companies, including wealth management subsidiaries, have been established for a short time and have less experience. At present, Chinese banks, insurance companies and foreign advanced asset management institutions are mainly engaged in business cooperation, allowing joint ventures to set up foreign-controlled wealth management companies, which is conducive to introducing international advanced asset management practices and professional experience, promoting the steady development of asset management industry and capital market, giving play to the respective advantages of Chinese and foreign asset management institutions, further enriching market players and business products, and meeting the diversified service needs of investors. At the same time, the existing asset management subsidiaries of Chinese banks and insurance companies can complement each other with their foreign wealth management companies, and develop at a moderate dislocation.

　　Overseas asset management institutions and subsidiaries of Chinese banks or insurance companies are allowed to jointly set up foreign-controlled wealth management companies. In the early stage, pilot methods can be adopted to give priority to supporting the entry of mature and stable wealth management institutions recognized in foreign markets. Both RMB funds can be raised and some foreign currency long-term funds can be raised. In the pilot process, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission will pay more attention to the professionalism, prudence and stability of supervision, pay more attention to the supervision after the event, guide the steady development of institutional compliance through on-site inspection and off-site supervision, sum up the pilot experience in a timely manner, and study and expand the pilot scope in a timely manner.

　　Three, allow overseas financial institutions to invest in the establishment and shareholding of pension management companies.

　　At present, China’s pension management market is dominated by the second pillar enterprise annuity fund management, with limited scale and growth. However, the domestic pension management company is still in the pilot stage, and the pilot adopts the method of one mature company and one approved company. There is only one Jianxin pension management company established by CCB. Allowing foreign investors to set up pension management companies is conducive to increasing the types of subjects, enhancing market vitality, introducing mature pension management experience and improving the level of pension investment management. In the next step, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission will promote the improvement of relevant laws and regulations, and continue to adopt the method of "one mature company, one approved company", and work with relevant ministries and commissions to do a good job in the licensing of pension management companies.

　　Four, support the establishment of wholly foreign-owned or equity money brokerage companies.

　　In 2005, the State Council approved the pilot of money brokerage companies. Since the pilot, five money brokerage companies have been established to actively carry out transactions in foreign exchange market, money market, bond market and derivative products market at home and abroad, which has played a positive role in activating China’s financial market, improving transaction efficiency and reducing transaction costs. At present, the top five money brokerage companies in the world have all participated in the establishment of five money brokerage companies in China through joint ventures.

　　Further increasing the proportion of foreign shares in money brokerage companies is conducive to giving full play to the management advantages of foreign shareholders, improving the operating efficiency of money brokerage companies, promoting orderly competition in the industry, and improving the transparency and transaction efficiency of financial markets. China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission actively supports Chinese and foreign shareholders of existing currency brokerage companies to determine their own foreign share ratios on the basis of equal consultation. At the same time, on the basis of comprehensive evaluation of the impact of newly established currency brokerage companies on the existing market competition pattern, we will steadily promote the establishment of new foreign currency brokerage companies.

　　5. Shorten the transition period from 51% to 100% for foreign-funded life insurance companies to 2020.　

　　On July 2, 2019, Premier Li Keqiang delivered a special speech at the opening ceremony of the 2019 Davos Forum, saying that the original stipulation of canceling the foreign life insurance share ratio limit in 2021 would be advanced to 2020. Abolishing the share ratio restriction of foreign-funded life insurance companies will help attract more high-quality foreign-funded insurance institutions to enter the China market, introduce more advanced business concepts and more diversified life insurance products, enhance the vitality of the life insurance market and provide better services for the real economy. In the next step, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission will promote the promulgation of "Regulations on the Administration of Foreign-funded Insurance Companies in People’s Republic of China (PRC)" and other relevant laws and regulations, and timely implement the regulations in relevant administrative licensing work. At the same time, strengthen post-event supervision and maintain market order.

　　Six, cancel the provisions of domestic insurance companies holding the shares of insurance asset management companies shall not be less than 75%, allowing foreign investors to hold more than 25% of the shares.　

　　Loosening the restrictions on the foreign shareholding ratio of insurance asset management companies is conducive to absorbing the experience and practices of excellent overseas insurance institutions, stimulating the vitality of the domestic insurance asset management market, promoting the improvement of the asset management capabilities of insurance asset management companies, and better serving the preservation and appreciation of insurance assets.　

　　In the next step, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission will promptly revise the Interim Provisions on the Administration of Insurance Asset Management Companies and implement the opening-up measures. While opening wider to the outside world, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission will continue to improve the regulatory requirements of insurance asset management companies, strengthen the management of shareholders’ qualifications, further strengthen the continuous compliance requirements of insurance asset management companies, and effectively guard against various risks.　

　　Seven, relax the access conditions of foreign-funded insurance companies, cancel the 30-year operating life requirement.

　　At present, foreign insurance companies to set up foreign-funded insurance companies in China need to meet the requirements of operating insurance business for more than 30 years. In recent years, with the deepening of opening to the outside world, most foreign insurance companies in Fortune Global 500 have entered China and played an active role in the insurance market in China. The cancellation of the 30-year operating life requirement has created conditions for foreign insurance companies with operating characteristics and expertise but insufficient operating life to come to China, which is conducive to further enriching insurance market players and insurance professional services and promoting the high-quality development of the insurance industry.

　　Welcome more qualified foreign insurance companies to set up business offices in China, combine their advanced experience with the reality of China, and promote each other with Chinese companies in the competition to jointly serve the real economy and the increasingly diversified financial service needs of consumers. China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission will immediately start the revision of relevant laws and regulations, and put them into practice upon completion.

　　Chen Xinfeng, the person in charge of the ecological park, and the staff are carrying out professional leaf splitting, flower thinning and fruit thinning on the elevated strawberries to ensure the quality after listing. This is the second year that he has cultivated strawberries without soil. Compared with the traditional cultivation of strawberries, this cultivation technology has a better planting environment and greatly improved the picking experience of tourists.　

　　

Tourists pick and punch cards in the high-ridge strawberry greenhouse.　

　　"Our main varieties are ice cream strawberries, chocolate strawberries and cream strawberries. The output of each greenhouse is about 4,000 kilograms, and each kilogram can be sold to 45 yuan. From now until June, it is the peak season for picking, and the total income is expected to reach 300,000 yuan." Chen Xinfeng told reporters that the strawberries he planted were well received by the market. In addition to supplying local supermarkets, many customers in Zhengzhou and Luoyang booked them, which was in short supply.　

The person in charge introduced the situation of soilless cultivation of strawberries for tourists who came to pick them.　

　　Inspired by "elevated" strawberries, in 2024, Chen Xinfeng transformed the strawberry greenhouse into a smart agricultural greenhouse to plant "high-ridge" strawberries to improve quality and yield. In the transformation, he raised the ridge by 30 cm with steel frame, which is more suitable for the development of sightseeing and picking agriculture; Adopt intelligent drip irrigation and water circulation heating technology system to accurately control air humidity and nutrient supply, and ensure stable growth environment while saving water and fertilizer; Using physical pest control and biological control technology to replace traditional pesticides to ensure that strawberries are green and pollution-free; Equipped with automatic temperature control and light supplement equipment, so that strawberry growth is not limited by natural conditions; Pure water irrigation is used to provide high-quality and stable water source for strawberry growth and accurately meet water demand. At the same time, he also introduced the drone pollination technology of "low temperature tolerance, no flight and no shed collision", which not only improved the fruit setting rate of strawberries, but also improved the fruit quality, making the fruit shape correct and the taste sweet.　

　　Walking into the meat rabbit breeding base in Hanxi Village, Dading Street, rows of modern breeding cages are uniform, and fat meat rabbits are eating and drinking leisurely. The head of the base, Mao Xing, observed the growth of rabbits and carefully recorded them. "At present, there are 144 groups of modern breeding cages in our base, with a total of more than 3,400 meat rabbits, with an annual slaughter of more than 60,000, which can generate income of 500,000 yuan." Mao Xing happily talked to the reporter about the "rabbit breeding".　

Technicians check the growth of meat rabbits.　

　　There are only three or four workers in the clean and tidy breeding shed, thanks to the automatic breeding equipment introduced by the base. Automatic temperature control technology can adjust the temperature of the breeding shed in time, which is more suitable for the growth of meat rabbits; Set the feeding time on the computer, automatically start the feeding function at the point of arrival, and automatically cut off the power after feeding, feeding 1-6 times a day, which better caters to the physiological characteristics of rabbits with less food and more meals; The automatic excrement cleaning system can automatically clean excrement, reduce ammonia smell and flies and mosquitoes, reduce the disease probability and mortality of meat rabbits, and improve the survival rate of young rabbits. In addition, the rabbit manure is also used as agricultural fertilizer and exported to Fujian and Shaanxi, which increases the economic benefits.　

　　"This meat rabbit breeding project can also increase the income of the village collective by 100,000 yuan every year. In the next step, the two village committees will encourage interested people to learn rabbit breeding technology, so that meat rabbit breeding will become a characteristic industry in the village and a project to increase people’s income." Yao Jialian, secretary of the village party branch, introduced.　

　　The industry is prosperous, the countryside is strong and the villagers are rich. In recent years, mengzhou city has continuously intensified the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure. By increasing the popularization and application of intelligent agricultural technologies such as drones, Internet of Things and big data in agricultural production, it has changed the extensive production management mode of traditional agriculture, improved agricultural production efficiency, improved the output and quality of agricultural products, and promoted the sustainable development of agriculture.　

　　It is reported that in the next step, mengzhou city will promote agricultural modernization and intelligence by cultivating high-quality agricultural skilled talents in the new era, accelerating the application of smart agricultural technology, strengthening the guarantee of data elements, and strengthening the construction of talent teams, empowering the masses with smart agriculture, helping the rural areas to fully revitalize, and painting a new picture of a beautiful countryside with strong agriculture, beautiful countryside and rich farmers.　

　　(Guangming Daily full media reporter Michael Cui correspondent Hou Wei Chen Daoming)