Notice of the General Office of Guangzhou Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the Thirteenth Five-year Plan for Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction in Guangzhou (2016-2020) Sui Fu Ban [2017] No.15
Notice of the General Office of Guangzhou Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the Thirteenth Five-year Plan for Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction in Guangzhou (2016-2020) to the people’s governments of all districts, departments and directly affiliated institutions of the municipal government:
The 13th Five-year Plan for Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction in Guangzhou (2016-2020) has been approved by the municipal government and is hereby issued to you. Please earnestly organize its implementation. Please report the problems encountered in the implementation to the Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Commission.
The People’s Government Office In Guangzhou
April 17, 2017
　
The 13th Five-year Plan for Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction in Guangzhou
(2016-2020)
Catalogue

The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period is a crucial period for Guangzhou to implement the national "four comprehensive" strategic layout and the "five in one" overall layout, consolidate and enhance its status as a national central city, and lead the province to achieve the goal of "three orientations and two firsts". It is also an important stage for building a low-carbon city in an all-round way and striving to achieve the peak of total carbon emissions. This plan is based on the National Climate Change Plan (2014-2020) and the Outline of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development in Guangzhou, and it is the action program for Guangzhou to promote energy conservation and carbon reduction and realize green and low-carbon development in the next five years.
　
Chapter I Development Status and Facing Situation
　
Since the Twelfth Five-Year Plan,In accordance with the requirements of the state and province, Guangzhou regards promoting energy conservation and carbon reduction as an important starting point to promote scientific development, actively explores new fields and mechanisms of energy conservation and carbon reduction, and pays special attention to energy conservation and carbon reduction in industries, construction, transportation, public institutions and other fields, and has achieved remarkable results.
　
Section 1 Development Status
　
During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, Guangzhou supported an average annual GDP growth rate of 10.1% with an average annual energy consumption growth rate of 3.6%, and the dependence of economic growth on energy consumption gradually decreased. In 2015, the energy consumption per unit GDP (regional GDP) in Guangzhou decreased by 21.01% compared with that in 2010, exceeding the tasks assigned by the province. The energy consumption per unit GDP is about 60% of the national average, which is lower than the average level of Guangdong Province and also lower than that of major cities such as Beijing and Shanghai. In 2015, the city’s total energy consumption was 56.89 million tons of standard coal, and the carbon dioxide emission per unit GDP was about 0.67 tons, down 30.7% from 2010. The main driving force for the decline of carbon emission intensity comes from the improvement of energy efficiency and the sharp decline in the proportion of coal consumption.
First, the management system and mechanism of energy conservation and carbon reduction have been continuously improved
Guangzhou has built a relatively complete energy-saving management and service system. Set up a leading group for energy conservation, emission reduction and low-carbon economic development in Guangzhou to promote energy conservation, emission reduction and low-carbon development in the city as a whole. Establish an energy-saving target responsibility system to promote energy-saving work by district governments and key energy-using enterprises. Strengthen planning guidance and policy support,A series of policy documents have been issued, such as Guiding Opinions on Vigorously Developing Low-carbon Economy, Implementation Plan for Pilot Work of Low-carbon Cities in Guangzhou, and Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan of Guangzhou. Intensify the pilot construction, and it has been listed as "national low-carbon city pilot", "national renewable resource recycling system pilot city", "national low-carbon transportation system pilot city", "national kitchen waste resource utilization and harmless treatment pilot city" and "creating a national circular economy demonstration city". Establish and improve the energy-saving evaluation system for fixed assets investment projects, strictly limit the development of energy-intensive industries, and actively promote advanced energy-saving technologies. Set up special funds for energy conservation to support energy-saving transformation and clean production in industry, construction, transportation, public institutions and other fields, and the city’s strategic emerging industries development funds are used to support the development of six emerging industries, including new energy and energy-saving and environmental protection industries. Guangzhou Carbon Emissions Exchange was established and became an important carbon trading platform in China. Guangzhou Energy Conservation Supervision Center was established to strengthen energy conservation supervision and law enforcement.
Second, the structure has achieved remarkable results in energy saving and carbon reduction
The industrial structure has been continuously optimized, and the tertiary industrial structure has been adjusted from 1.75∶37.24∶61.01 in 2010 to 1.25 ∶ 31.64 ∶ 67.11 in 2015. The advanced manufacturing industry has developed rapidly. In 2015, the added value of strategic emerging industries accounted for more than 10% of GDP, and the output value of high-tech products accounted for 45% of industry. Intensify the elimination of backward production capacity, "Twelfth Five-Year Plan"During this period, a total of 117,000 kilowatts of small thermal power, 240,000 tons of coke, 5,000 tons of paper, 300,000 tons of cement, 10.755 million weight boxes of flat glass, 122.81 million meters of printing and dyeing, 1.09 million standard sheets of tanning, and 69,120 kva of lead batteries were eliminated, and 314 industrial enterprises with high energy consumption and high pollution were closed and relocated in the urban area. Vigorously promote the adjustment and optimization of energy structure, complete the rectification of 1,298 highly polluting fuel boilers, and the proportion of coal consumption in total energy consumption decreased from 32.4% in 2010 to 19.8% in 2015. 7,943.76 kilometers of natural gas pipeline network has been built, and the gasification rate of gas has reached 99.7%. The total consumption of natural gas in the city has exceeded 2 billion cubic meters. The total scale of distributed photovoltaic power generation project is 150 MW, and the installation area of solar collector plate exceeds 400,000 square meters.
Third, the effect of energy saving and carbon reduction in key areas has been continuously enhanced.
Industrial energy saving. In 2015, the energy consumption per unit of industrial added value decreased by 39.2% compared with 2010, and the energy efficiency improved significantly. Implement the "Energy Saving Action of 100 Key Energy-consuming Enterprises" and organize enterprises to carry out energy auditing and energy-saving planning. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, 100 key industrial enterprises in the city realized energy saving of about 2 million tons of standard coal. Actively create a national circular economy demonstration city, promote 22 industrial parks to complete the preparation of circular transformation schemes, and complete the on-site acceptance of 28 provincial circular economy pilot units. Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone successfully declared itself as a pilot unit for circular transformation of national parks, and formulated the Guidelines for the Field Assessment of Cleaner Production in Guangzhou.
Building energy saving.New buildings fully implement mandatory standards for energy conservation. Guangzhou Green Building and Building Energy Conservation Management Regulations and Guangzhou Green Building Action Implementation Plan were issued. During the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, 176 green building evaluation and identification projects were obtained, with a construction area of about 17.46 million square meters. The demonstration area of energy-saving renovation of existing buildings is about 4.99 million square meters, the building area of promoting solar photothermal application is about 3.1546 million square meters, the area of using solar photothermal panels is about 88.3 million square meters, and the installed capacity of promoting solar photovoltaic building application is 2.035 MW. Organize the implementation of energy audits of 101 public buildings and monitor their energy consumption data in real time. Won the title of "Top Ten Green Building Benchmark Cities" and "Top Ten Building Energy Efficiency Pioneer Cities" in China.
Traffic energy saving. Approved as a pilot city for the construction of national low-carbon transportation system. Vigorously develop public transport with high carrying capacity and implement intensive public transport mode. The subway is open to traffic for 266 kilometers, with an average daily passenger volume of 6.59 million passengers. The proportion of subway bus sharing is 40%, and urban public transport trips account for 60% of motorized trips. As a national pilot city for demonstration and promotion of energy-saving and new energy vehicles, Guangzhou has promoted 14,600 new energy vehicles by the end of 2015. Implement the national V emission standard for motor vehicles ahead of schedule, and comprehensively promote the use of national V standard vehicle fuel. Strictly implement the restrictions on yellow-label vehicles and eliminate a total of 180,000 yellow-label vehicles; Implement the regulation of the total number of small and medium-sized buses to curb the growth of the number of private cars.
Energy conservation in public institutions. Strengthen the energy-saving management of public institutions,Establish a statistical system for resource and energy consumption of public institutions, and promote paperless office and government energy-saving procurement. Carry out the diagnosis and analysis of energy consumption of public institutions, formulate and implement the Three-year Action Plan for Building Green Public Institutions in Guangzhou, and vigorously promote the demonstration of energy-saving transformation and the creation of conservation-oriented public institutions. Formulate and issue the Measures for the Management of Contract Energy for Public Institutions in Guangzhou, standardize and improve the operating procedures of contract energy management projects for public institutions, and encourage the energy-saving transformation of public institutions through contract energy management mode.
Fourth, the level of low-carbon utilization of waste resources has been continuously improved
We will comprehensively promote waste classification and treatment, realize the reengineering of waste classification and treatment process of "source reduction, classified delivery, classified collection, classified transportation, classified disposal and whole process supervision", and successfully create the first batch of domestic waste classification demonstration cities in China. Promote the docking of garbage sorting and resource recycling. We will work out the guidance catalogue and industry development plan for recycling renewable resources, strengthen the construction of recycling sorting centers and recycling transfer stations, and achieve 100% coverage of urban and rural recycling network services. A resource thermal power plant, a sanitary landfill and a kitchen waste treatment plant will be built, which will be included in the third batch of national pilot projects for resource utilization and harmless treatment of kitchen waste.
Box 1 "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" Table of Energy Consumption in Guangzhou
Note: Energy consumption per unit GDP is calculated at constant prices in 2010.
　
Section 2 Facing the Situation
　
The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that we must adhere to the basic national policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment, and strive to promote green development, circular development and low-carbon development.Form a spatial pattern, industrial structure, production mode and lifestyle that saves resources and protects the environment. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Ecological Civilization, and the construction of ecological civilization has become a national strategy. Innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing have become the five development concepts leading the country’s future development, bringing important development opportunities for Guangzhou’s "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" energy conservation and carbon reduction work.
Coping with climate change has become one of the major issues of global concern. As an important starting point to deal with improving the environment and climate change, energy saving and carbon reduction has become the core task to achieve sustainable development. In April, 2016, China officially signed the Paris Agreement, and it is planned that carbon dioxide emissions will peak around 2030, and efforts will be made to reach the peak as soon as possible. As a national central city and a national pilot low-carbon city, Guangzhou strives to achieve the peak of total carbon emissions first, and it is urgent to explore the path of gradual decline of total carbon emissions while maintaining economic and social development. Although the work of energy conservation and carbon reduction in Guangzhou has laid a good foundation and achieved remarkable results, there are still many challenges to continuously promote energy conservation and carbon reduction.
First, the awareness of energy conservation and carbon reduction needs to be improved. Governments at all levels and relevant departments do not have a unified understanding of the important role of energy saving and carbon reduction in transforming economic development mode and realizing sustainable development strategy, and the relationship between economic growth and low-carbon development has not been organically combined. The concept of focusing on environmental protection in the later stage and neglecting energy conservation and emission reduction at the source is still widespread, and the basic and leading role of energy conservation and carbon reduction in environmental protection and ecological construction has not been effectively played.The whole society has not yet formed a green and low-carbon consciousness and lifestyle to save resources and protect the environment.
Second, the green low-carbon market needs to be cultivated urgently. Energy conservation and carbon reduction are still mainly promoted by government administrative means, and the market has failed to play a major role in energy conservation and carbon reduction. The investment and financing channels in the green and low-carbon market are not smooth, which fails to provide financial guarantee for the development of related industries. The scale of energy-saving and low-carbon enterprises is generally small, the industrial concentration is low, and the technical development ability is insufficient. The leading role of leading backbone enterprises needs to be further improved. The development of new service industries such as energy-saving and low-carbon consulting, evaluation, auditing and technical services is lagging behind.
Third, the coverage of energy-saving work needs to be expanded. Energy-saving work relies too much on industrial structure adjustment and industrial energy saving. At present, the tertiary industry and living energy consumption have exceeded 50% of the total energy consumption in the city, and it continues to rise with the improvement of living and consumption level. Energy conservation and carbon reduction work should gradually realize the transformation from focusing on industry and major projects to multi-fields and the whole society from point to area.
Fourth, the measurement and statistics work needs to be strengthened. Energy measuring instruments in some industries are not fully equipped, and the online monitoring and management system of energy consumption has not been widely covered. The statistical system of energy consumption is relatively backward, and the monitoring and statistical system of carbon dioxide emission has not yet been established, which affects the analysis of energy consumption and carbon emission situation and the development of energy conservation and carbon reduction.
　
Chapter II Guiding Ideology and Planning Objectives
　
The first section guiding ideology
　
Guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents and Scientific Outlook on Development,Conscientiously implement the spirit of the important speeches of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee and the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, vigorously promote the construction of ecological civilization, take accelerating the transformation of economic development mode as the main line, aim at improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing carbon dioxide emissions, lead economic and social development with the concept of green, recycling and low carbon, actively promote supply-side reform, and reasonably control the total energy consumption, energy consumption intensity and total carbon dioxide emissions. Accelerate the construction of an energy-saving and carbon-reducing system and mechanism with government guidance, enterprises as the main body, science and technology as the guide, market-driven and the participation of the whole society, and build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society in an all-round way.
　
Section 2 Basic Principles
　
Green development, overall consideration. Adhere to the green development direction of high technology content, good economic benefits, low resource consumption and less environmental pollution, improve energy utilization efficiency, give overall consideration to the development goals of energy saving and carbon reduction and economic development, and realize sustainable economic and environmental development.
Advance in an all-round way and highlight key points. We will comprehensively carry out energy conservation and carbon reduction work in all fields of the whole society, strengthen supervision over key areas, key industries and key enterprises, and build a number of advanced energy conservation and carbon reduction units with typical demonstration functions.
Market orientation and government promotion. Market-oriented, enterprises as the main body, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation. Strengthen the leading role of the government, create a market environment conducive to energy conservation and carbon reduction, and support the development of energy-saving and low-carbon industries.
Technology leads and management helps.Introduce, develop and promote the application of high-efficiency energy-saving technology, comprehensive utilization technology of resources and new energy development and utilization technology, and promote the overall improvement of energy efficiency and carbon reduction capacity through scientific and technological progress. Strengthen the refined management of energy use and law enforcement supervision, and improve energy utilization efficiency from the management side.
System innovation and policy guarantee. Vigorously promote system reform and mechanism innovation, improve relevant policies for energy conservation and carbon reduction, and provide good policy guarantee for the comprehensive promotion of energy conservation and carbon reduction by strengthening responsibility assessment, policy incentives, information guidance and financial support.
　
Section III Planning Objectives
　
By the end of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, the city’s industrial structure and energy consumption structure will be further optimized, energy utilization efficiency will continue to improve, energy consumption and total carbon emissions will be effectively controlled, and efforts will be made to reach the peak of total carbon emissions and ensure the completion of the objectives and tasks assigned by the state.
Energy saving goal. The total energy consumption is controlled within 62.84 million tons of standard coal, the total coal consumption is reduced by 12% compared with 2013, and the energy consumption per unit GDP is reduced by more than 19.3% compared with 2015.
Carbon emission targets. Strive to reach the peak of the total carbon emissions of energy consumption around 2020, and the carbon emissions per unit GDP will decrease by 23% compared with 2015.
Industrial goals. The energy consumption of added value of industrial units above designated size in the city decreased by more than 20% compared with 2015, and the carbon emission of added value of industrial units above designated size decreased by more than 24% compared with 2015. The energy consumption of main products of leading enterprises approached or reached the international advanced level.
Architectural goals.The mandatory standards for building energy efficiency will be fully implemented in the design stage and construction stage, and the proportion of green buildings in new buildings will reach more than 40%. By 2020, more than 7 million square meters of energy-saving renovation of existing buildings will be completed, and more than five green ecological urban areas will be created.
Traffic target. The proportion of public transport trips in the central city to motorized trips reached 65%, and the number of new energy vehicles reached 120,000; Compared with 2015, the energy consumption and carbon intensity per unit transportation turnover of road passenger vehicles decreased by more than 2.5% and 2.6% respectively, and the energy consumption and carbon intensity per unit transportation turnover of road freight vehicles decreased by more than 7% and 8% respectively.
Public institution goals. Complete the energy-saving renovation of public institutions of about 2 million square meters, and create more than 100 green public institutions. The energy consumption per unit construction area of public institutions has decreased by more than 10% compared with 2015.
　
Box 2 Main indicators of energy saving and carbon reduction in Guangzhou during the 13th Five-Year Plan period

　
Chapter III Building a Low-carbon Energy Supply System
　
Strictly control the consumption of high-emission energy such as coal, vigorously develop natural gas and renewable energy, improve the efficiency of energy production and power transmission, and promote the low-carbon energy structure.
　
Section 1 Strictly control the total coal consumption
　
Strictly control coal consumption and promote the reduction of coal consumption. New coal-fired projects will strictly implement reduction and substitution, and expand the scope of "coal-free zones". Focus on the development of high-efficiency cogeneration units, and accelerate the elimination of backward thermal power units with high energy consumption, heavy pollution and beyond the service life.Moderately develop large-scale clean coal-fired power generation units with large capacity, high parameters and high efficiency, and promote the construction of local backbone support power supply according to the "ultra-clean emission" standard. We will promote the efficient and clean utilization of coal, implement the action plan for upgrading coal-fired power and environmental protection, eliminate decentralized backward coal-fired boilers and backward units, and accelerate the central heating in industrial parks and industrial clusters. By the end of 2017, the industrial parks with certain heat demand in the city will basically realize central heating, and no new decentralized heating boilers will be built. Develop efficient coal-fired power generation technology to improve the power generation efficiency of coal-fired units. By 2020, the coal consumption of coal-fired power units in service in the city will be less than 310 g/kWh, and all coal-fired units will meet the emission standards of gas turbines, and the total coal consumption will decrease by 12% compared with 2013.
　
Section II Accelerating the Popularization and Application of Natural Gas
　
Actively expand the natural gas source, build and improve the natural gas pipeline network, and improve the receiving, transmission and distribution capacity and pipeline coverage of the main pipeline network. Establish and improve the multi-level emergency reserve facilities system of natural gas, and build Nansha natural gas emergency peak-shaving gas source station and supporting wharf. Coordinate the construction of natural gas cogeneration and distributed energy stations, actively promote natural gas cogeneration projects such as Huangpu, Huadu, Zengcheng and Guangzhou Development Zone, and build a number of distributed energy stations for cold, heat and power supply. Accelerate the popularization and application of natural gas in industry, commerce, service industry and other fields, promote the construction of natural gas filling station facilities, and increase the number of natural gas residents. By 2020, the annual consumption of natural gas will reach 6 billion cubic meters.The gas coverage rate of urban residents’ pipelines is over 80%.
　
Section III Vigorously Develop Renewable Energy
　
Focus on the utilization of solar energy and vigorously develop the application of renewable energy. We will fully implement the supporting policies for the development and utilization of solar energy, build large-scale application projects of distributed photovoltaic power generation in areas with large electricity demand and good construction conditions such as industrial parks, build rooftop photovoltaic systems in urban public buildings and commercial buildings such as schools, libraries, hospitals, museums and office buildings, and promote the application of photovoltaic power generation in the roofs of civil buildings and the construction of new countryside where conditions permit. Promote solar green lighting, and promote the use of solar water heaters in low-rise buildings and hospitals, schools and hotels with central heating water demand. Promote the development and utilization of biomass energy, and encourage the construction of renewable energy application projects such as rural household biogas, straw biogas and straw gasification centralized gas supply. By 2020, the total installed capacity of solar distributed photovoltaic power generation will strive to reach 2 million kilowatts, and the total installed capacity of biomass power generation will reach 400,000 kilowatts.
　
The fourth quarter to improve the intelligent level of power grid
　
Optimize the power grid structure and group layout, improve the distribution network structure, and improve the intelligent level of distribution network and the management level of user demand side. Improve the energy-saving and environmental protection standards of new substations and build a number of green substations. Taking smart grid as the resource allocation platform, we will promote the deep integration of energy and information, improve demand side management, and actively adopt measures such as peak shifting and peak shifting to improve power supply efficiency. Carry out the construction of new energy microgrid demonstration projects such as Conghua Mingzhu Industrial Park, Guangzhou Zhongxin Knowledge City and Nansha.Explore the establishment of a microgrid system that integrates the generation, distribution, storage and use of renewable energy with high proportion of fluctuations, explore new business operation modes and new formats of microgrid power services, and promote the development of distributed energy.

　
Chapter IV Promoting Low-carbon Transformation of Economic Structure
　
Strict project access system, limit the development of industries with high energy consumption and high emissions, vigorously cultivate and develop energy-saving and low-carbon industries, and promote the transformation of economic structure to high added value and low resource consumption.
　
Section 1 Optimizing and Upgrading the Industrial Structure
　
First, accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity
Implement the Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Resolving the Contradiction of Serious Overcapacity (Guo Fa [2013] No.41), strictly implement the national investment management regulations and industrial policies, further improve the elimination standards of backward production capacity, improve the market exit mechanism, and vigorously eliminate enterprises with high energy consumption and high emissions. Strengthen the supervision of enterprises with high energy consumption and high emissions, and implement differential price policies such as differential electricity price, punitive electricity price and water price for enterprises that exceed the energy consumption limit standard and fail to meet the environmental protection standards. In accordance with the unified deployment of carbon emission trading in the whole country, industries with high energy consumption and overcapacity will be included in the compulsory trading scope of carbon emission rights, and through carbon emission trading, enterprises with high energy consumption and high emissions will be eliminated or implemented energy-saving and carbon-reducing transformation. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, backward coal-fired thermal power units will be eliminated by "going up to the new and closing the old", and the backward production capacity of printing and dyeing industry will be eliminated by 78.46 million meters, and the production capacity of petrochemicals, non-ferrous metals and non-metallic minerals will no longer be expanded.
Second, strengthen the source control of project construction
It is strictly forbidden to build new projects with overcapacity and coal-fired projects, implement energy consumption equivalent or reduction replacement for new and expanded projects with high energy consumption, and strictly control the construction of projects with high energy consumption and high emissions from the source. Strengthen the energy-saving assessment and review of fixed assets investment projects, improve the energy efficiency level of new and expanded projects, strictly implement the energy consumption limits and product energy efficiency standards of major energy-consuming products, formulate energy consumption limits and energy efficiency benchmarking guidelines for office buildings, and strengthen energy efficiency supervision after project construction. Strengthen the concept of green and low carbon, build urban infrastructure systems such as energy, transportation, water supply and drainage, and garbage disposal with high standards, and reduce the energy consumption of urban infrastructure resources from the source.
Third, promote the green development of advantageous industries
Promote the extension of advantageous service industries such as commerce, modern logistics and cultural tourism to low-carbon, intelligent and high-end value chain, innovate business models, promote the integrated development of service industry and manufacturing industry, and foster the development of new service industries. By 2020, the added value of service industry will account for about 70% of GDP and the added value of modern service industry will account for about 70% of the added value of service industry respectively. Implement the "Guangzhou Manufacturing 2025 Strategic Plan", vigorously develop advanced manufacturing industries such as intelligent equipment and robots, new generation information technology and new materials, promote the upgrading and transformation of traditional industries, and promote the in-depth integration of manufacturing, informationization and intelligence. Promote agricultural standardization, scale and industrialized operation, and promote clean agricultural production and comprehensive utilization of large-scale livestock and poultry breeding resources.Cultivate and expand a new generation of strategic emerging industries such as information technology, biology and health industries, new materials and high-end manufacturing, new energy and energy conservation and environmental protection. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the added value of strategic emerging industries will increase at an average annual rate of 18%, reaching 400 billion yuan in 2020.
　
Section 2 Cultivate and develop energy-saving and low-carbon industries
　
First, promote low-carbon technology research and development and industrialization
Increase the inclination of scientific and technological funds to energy-saving and low-carbon technologies, focus on supporting the research and development and industrialization of energy-saving and low-carbon technologies and equipment such as high-efficiency and energy-saving equipment, new energy vehicles, semiconductor lighting and waste incineration equipment, and promote the integration of energy-saving and low-carbon technologies with big data, "internet plus" and the Internet of Things, so as to provide technical support for industrial energy-saving and low-carbon transformation and low-carbon city construction. Organize the implementation of the transformation plan of scientific and technological achievements, improve the transformation mechanism of scientific and technological innovation achievements, and accelerate the demonstration and popularization of mature and applicable technologies. Promote the establishment of industrial alliances and technical alliances related to energy conservation and environmental protection, form a green industrial chain integrating green technology research and development, industrialization of achievements and integrated application, and enhance industrial competitiveness. Promote industrialization by application, and focus on developing industries such as high-efficiency energy-saving and environmental protection equipment, high-efficiency energy-saving electrical appliances and electrical machinery manufacturing, smart grid equipment and manufacturing, semiconductor lighting materials manufacturing, new building materials manufacturing, and resource recycling, thus forming new economic growth points. By 2020, 15-20 large-scale backbone enterprises will be cultivated to form a number of energy-saving and low-carbon technologies, equipment and products with independent intellectual property rights and core competitiveness.Strive to cultivate Guangzhou into a bridgehead for the application of energy-saving and low-carbon products in China and an important base for energy-saving and low-carbon technology research and development and equipment manufacturing.
Second, cultivate and improve the energy-saving and low-carbon service industry
Accelerate the cultivation of energy-saving and low-carbon markets, and vigorously develop third-party energy-saving and environmental protection service systems such as energy-saving and carbon-reducing investment and financing, energy audit, cleaner production audit, engineering consultation, energy-saving and low-carbon product certification, energy-saving evaluation, contracted environmental services, and environmental management franchising. Promote contract energy management, and encourage the development of "one-stop" general contracting of energy-saving and environmental protection services such as system design, complete sets of equipment, engineering construction, commissioning operation and maintenance management. Encourage large key energy-using units to rely on their own technical advantages and management experience to carry out specialized energy-saving services. Exchange energy-saving and low-carbon technologies and achievements in various ways, formulate and publish the promotion catalogue of energy-saving and low-carbon technologies and achievements in Guangzhou, and promote the promotion and application of energy-saving technologies and achievements. By 2020, more than 150 specialized energy-saving and low-carbon service institutions will be cultivated, and the city’s energy-saving and low-carbon industry service information platform and industry alliance will be established.
Third, develop and expand the new energy industry
Focus on the development of smart grid, micro-grid, new energy vehicles, solar photovoltaic power generation equipment, wind power generation equipment, biomass energy equipment technology, new energy technology integration and other industries, accelerate the construction of a number of new energy development demonstration sites and equipment manufacturing bases, and by 2020, cultivate more than 3-5 large-scale key enterprises in the equipment manufacturing fields such as solar energy, nuclear energy, wind energy and biomass energy.Cultivate more than five new energy comprehensive suppliers in high-end service fields such as new energy technology integration, and build Guangzhou into the largest new energy equipment manufacturing base in South China and the national new energy technology innovation base.
Fourth, cultivate enterprises for comprehensive utilization of resources
Accelerate the resource utilization of industrial wastewater, waste and fixed waste, research and develop technologies and equipment for classified collection, harmless treatment and resource utilization of waste, and improve the resource output rate and recycling rate. Encourage technological innovation of enterprises, cultivate a number of leading enterprises for comprehensive utilization of resources, promote the establishment of industrial alliances for comprehensive utilization of resources in key areas, and accelerate the development of comprehensive utilization of resources. By 2020, we will cultivate 10 leading enterprises for comprehensive utilization of resources at or above the provincial level.
　
Section III Building an Energy-saving and Low-carbon Industrial Cluster
　
Relying on the industrial advantages of various districts in Guangzhou, we will focus on promoting the construction of energy-saving and low-carbon parks such as Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City, Guangzhou Science City, Panyu Energy-saving Science and Technology Park and Nansha Nuclear Power Equipment Industrial Park, and build a number of demonstration projects for the application of energy-saving and low-carbon technologies to form an agglomeration effect. Relying on Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City and Guangzhou Science City, we will focus on developing new energy industries such as biomass energy, heat pumps and smart grids, promote the application of new technologies such as smart meters and smart distribution networks, and build a national new energy industrialization demonstration base; Strengthen the construction of Nansha nuclear power equipment industrial park, focus on the development of R&D and production of nuclear island main equipment components, conventional island main equipment components and related supporting equipment, and build an advanced domestic nuclear power equipment supply base; Cultivate Panyu energy-saving science and technology park, Guangzhou energy-saving and new energy (Baiyun)Industrial base, Baiyun Electric Equipment Manufacturing Industrial Base, Nansha New District and other energy-saving industrial parks, focusing on the development of energy-saving equipment manufacturing, energy-efficient appliances, energy-saving comprehensive services and other industries, and promoting the application of energy-efficient equipment such as waste heat boilers, high-efficiency gas turbines, gas kilns and energy-saving kilns, as well as advanced speed-regulating motors, automatic control energy systems and motor drives, so as to become an advanced energy-efficient equipment manufacturing base in China; Vigorously support Guangzhou Automobile Group to produce new energy vehicles with independent intellectual property rights and build a new energy vehicle production base.

　
Chapter V Deepening Industrial Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction
　
According to the concept of green, circular and low-carbon development, we will actively promote the transformation of industrial production mode and adhere to the new industrialization road of sustainable development. By 2020, the water consumption per unit of industrial added value will be reduced by 27%, the energy consumption and carbon emissions of industrial units above designated size will be reduced by about 20% and 24% respectively compared with 2015, the energy consumption per unit product of major energy-consuming industries will continue to decline, and the level of cleaner production in key industries will be significantly improved.
　
The first section further promote energy saving technology
　
First, promote energy-saving transformation of high-energy-consuming enterprises
Focus on promoting the application of energy-saving technologies and equipment in high-energy-consuming enterprises such as electric power, petroleum and chemical industry, textile, steel, papermaking and building materials, and organize the implementation of key energy-saving transformation projects such as energy-saving transformation of coal-fired industrial boilers (kilns), utilization of waste heat and pressure, energy-saving and replacement of petroleum and motor systems, and energy system optimization (system energy saving).Dynamic monitoring and key support will be given to major projects such as energy-saving transformation, comprehensive utilization of resources and clean production of key enterprises with advanced technology, remarkable energy saving and strong industry driving force. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, industrial technological transformation will save more than 2 million tons of standard coal.
Second, promote the use of energy-efficient equipment
Promote the use of high-efficiency energy-saving and environmental protection equipment, and accelerate the elimination of backward models of major energy-using equipment. Continue to implement the motor energy efficiency improvement project, encourage enterprises to replace backward motors with high-efficiency motors, strengthen special supervision of motors, and prohibit the use of backward electromechanical equipment (products) with high energy consumption that have been eliminated from the catalogue. Promote transformers, industrial boilers, fans, compressors and other major energy-consuming equipment to replace backward equipment in time and use high-efficiency and energy-saving products. Guide enterprises to adopt variable frequency speed regulation, pole-changing speed regulation, phase-controlled voltage regulation and advanced and applicable matching technology to carry out energy-saving transformation of motor systems such as fans, pumps and compressors.
Third, improve the efficiency of industrial water use
Promote water conservation in high-water industries such as electric power, heat, textile, petroleum and chemical industry, food, etc., intensify the transformation of water-saving technologies, and vigorously promote a number of new water-saving technologies such as air cooling technology of thermal power units, advanced treatment and reuse technology of printing and dyeing wastewater in textile industry, and membrane treatment and reuse technology of organic wastewater in food and fermentation industry, and build reclaimed water and sewage reuse facilities to improve industrial water efficiency. In 2020, the water consumption per unit of industrial added value decreased by 27% compared with 2015.
　
Section 2 Construction of Industrial Cycle System
　
First, build a circular economy industrial chain
Efforts will be made to build a circular economy industrial chain between different manufacturing industries, manufacturing and agriculture, manufacturing and service industries, and promote the recycling of industrial links. According to the principle of "horizontal coupling, vertical extension and circular link", we will build and introduce key projects linked or extended by industries, reasonably extend the industrial chain, realize the end-to-end connection, interlocking and closed-loop circulation of materials among projects, enterprises and industries, promote the reduction, reuse and recycling of raw material input and waste discharge, and recycle and harmless treatment of hazardous wastes. Actively build industrial chains of circular economy in industries and fields such as automobile, electric power, petrochemical, electronic information, and domestic garbage disposal, and form more than 10 industrial chains of circular economy among industries, industries and enterprises.
Second, promote cleaner production in enterprises
We will continue to comprehensively promote the cleaner production actions of thousands of enterprises, improve the cleaner production service system, and strengthen the cleaner production audit. The industries covered by cleaner production enterprises extend from manufacturing to business services, transportation and construction. By 2020, the city will cultivate and build 1,500 municipal cleaner production enterprises and 200 provincial cleaner production enterprises, so as to form the energy-saving capacity of saving 500,000 tons of standard coal annually, and reduce the chemical oxygen demand by 3,080 tons/year and the sulfur dioxide by 2,800 tons/year.
Third, build a circular economy industrial park
Organize the recycling transformation of industrial parks (industrial bases).Promote the recycling transformation of central heating, centralized pollution control, waste exchange and utilization, energy cascade utilization and industrial chain repair in the park, cultivate professional waste treatment service companies, and implement centralized pollution control in the park. Green and recycling transformation will be carried out for the infrastructure such as transportation, water supply, power supply, lighting, communication, construction and environmental protection in the park, so as to promote the co-construction, sharing, integration and optimization of all kinds of infrastructure, reduce the cost of infrastructure construction and operation, and improve operational efficiency. By 2020, we will strive to reach five national and provincial circular economy pilot parks (bases), and more than 50% of the city’s national and provincial industrial parks and municipal industrial parks will be transformed according to the requirements of circular economy. After transformation, the output rate of major resources will increase by more than 15%, the comprehensive energy consumption and water consumption of major products will decrease by more than 10%, the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste will reach over 95%, and the reuse rate of industrial water will reach over 70%.
　
Section III Strengthening the Management of Key Enterprises
　
First, strengthen the supervision of key energy-using enterprises
Industrial enterprises with annual energy consumption of more than 5,000 tons of standard coal are listed as key energy-using enterprises, energy-saving targets of enterprises are quantified, and enterprises are organized to carry out energy audits and prepare energy-saving plans. Strengthen the inspection and guidance on the equipment, verification (calibration) and energy measurement management of enterprises, and regularly carry out energy utilization status submission, energy-saving training and energy-saving supervision. Promote enterprises to implement energy-saving transformation projects, improve energy-saving management measures, and improve energy efficiency of enterprises. During the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period,Promote key energy-using enterprises to reduce energy consumption per unit output value by more than 20%.
Second, the implementation of energy efficiency "leader" system
Establish and promote the "leader" system of energy efficiency, vigorously promote the benchmarking of energy efficiency in key industries such as cement, glass, paper, textile, steel, petrochemical and non-ferrous metals, and regularly publish the "leader" enterprises and benchmark values of energy efficiency. Establish the catalogue of product energy efficiency of key energy-using enterprises in our city, and encourage enterprises in energy-using products industries such as high energy-consuming industries and household appliances in our city to actively declare energy efficiency "leaders" and set energy efficiency benchmarks.
Third, improve the management of key carbon emission enterprises
Enterprises with annual greenhouse gas emissions of 13,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent or above in petroleum processing industry, chemical raw materials and chemicals manufacturing industry, nonmetallic mineral products industry, ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry, nonferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry, paper and paper products industry, electric power, heat production and supply industry, air transportation industry and other industries will be listed as key enterprises, and a greenhouse gas emission reporting system will be established to promote enterprises listed in the carbon emission trading list to actively perform their duties, and encourage key enterprises to strengthen carbon emission management and actively.
　

　
Chapter VI Promoting the Green Development of Service Industry
　
Focus on promoting the low-carbon transformation and development of traditional service industries such as accommodation and catering, wholesale and retail, warehousing and logistics, and tourist attractions, establish an energy consumption supervision system for key enterprises in the service industry, encourage enterprises to choose energy-saving and water-saving equipment, implement energy-saving technological transformation, and create a number of green shopping malls, hotels, catering enterprises and logistics bases.
　
The first section comprehensively carries out enterprise energy consumption supervision
　
We will comprehensively analyze the energy consumption of the service industry, establish a list of key energy-using enterprises in the service industry in our city and a management system, and include hotels, restaurants and commercial enterprises with an annual comprehensive energy consumption of 5,000 tons of standard coal and above in the key supervision list. Promote the improvement of energy measurement and management system, comprehensively promote energy audit work, and actively realize standardization, specialization and intelligence of energy use and management through market-oriented means. We will monitor and analyze the main energy consumption indicators such as energy consumption per product and energy consumption per building area of commercial enterprises by industry and type, promote the formulation and promulgation of local standards such as energy consumption quota and energy consumption limit in our city, strictly enforce energy consumption limits for shopping malls, hotels and restaurants, and carry out energy audit, punitive electricity price and mandatory energy-saving transformation for enterprises that use excess energy.
　
Section 2 Promoting the Green Upgrade of Large Service Places
　
Starting from large-scale supermarkets, hotels, restaurants, restaurants and other large-scale service places with high energy consumption, we should adhere to the concept of energy-saving and low-carbon in design, construction, operation, logistics and waste treatment, establish and improve the energy management system, improve the equipment of energy measuring instruments, and promote the use of energy-saving and low-carbon facilities and intelligent control systems such as high-efficiency inverter air conditioners, energy-saving lamps, energy-saving stoves and water-saving facilities. Focus on air conditioning system, lighting system, elevator and power distribution system, and encourage the use of contract energy management mode to implement energy-saving and low-carbon transformation. Encourage qualified service places to use renewable energy such as solar energy and air source heat pump.Promote the reduction of the use of disposable products and non-environmental protection products, establish a supply chain of green and low-carbon products, and promote energy-saving and low-carbon products such as degradable plastic bags.
　
Section III Promoting the Green Development of Storage Logistics Industry
　
Popularize and apply green warehouse facilities and technologies, strictly implement building energy-saving standards, optimize plane layout and functional zoning, use energy-saving and environment-friendly building materials, products and equipment in the process of design, construction and use, and increase the popularization and application of rooftop photovoltaic power generation, cold chain logistics technology and green lighting. Guide and encourage logistics enterprises to use special vehicles for clean energy logistics, make full use of Internet of Things technology, establish a comprehensive transportation system and logistics transportation mode with integrated transportation and diversified services, rationally dispatch logistics vehicles, optimize distribution routes, and improve circulation efficiency. We will continue to develop the urban common distribution system, vigorously develop the integrated distribution of logistics industry and manufacturing industry, and three-level distribution modes such as commercial logistics area, standardized distribution center and common distribution point at the end of circulation. Promote the innovation and application of green packaging technology, promote express delivery enterprises, e-commerce platforms and online retailers to use simple packaging, recyclable packaging and degradable packaging, and promote the producers, users and end consumers of packaging to participate in packaging classification and recycling.
　
Section IV Building a Green Data Center
　
Strengthen the application of green intelligent server, cooling system, waste heat utilization, natural cold source, water recycling, distributed energy supply, DC power supply and other technologies and products, establish a green data center operation and maintenance management system, and effectively reduce the resource consumption of data centers.Improve the utilization rate of data center equipment and improve the overall energy efficiency level. Give priority to selecting a number of data centers with strong representation, good working foundation and high management level in key application fields such as energy, telecommunications, Internet, public institutions and finance, and carry out the pilot creation of green data centers to form a replicable promotion model, so as to guide data centers to the road of green development of carbon cycle. By 2020, the energy efficiency of large-scale data centers will be improved by more than 10% compared with 2015, and 10 national green data centers will be built as pilot projects.
　

　
Chapter VII Building a Low-carbon Transportation System
　
Vigorously develop public transportation, optimize traffic management, promote clean energy, build and improve traffic facilities, improve vehicle transportation efficiency and road traffic efficiency, and build a low-carbon transportation system characterized by three-dimensional transportation, green transportation and smart transportation.
　
The first section comprehensively optimizes urban traffic
　
First, build an integrated public transport network
Fully implement the bus priority strategy and improve the level of traffic intensity. We will continue to vigorously promote the construction of rail transit, constantly optimize the bus network, increase the density of the bus network, and accelerate the construction of an integrated public transport system with rail transit as the backbone, conventional public transport as the main body, water bus and taxi as supplements, and slow traffic as a link. By 2020, the mileage of urban rail transit will exceed 520 kilometers, the total number of bus lines in the city will exceed 1,300, and 400 kilometers of bus lanes will be built. The density of bus lines in urban built-up areas will exceed 3.9 kilometers per square kilometer, and there will be 20 routes in water bus.The total distance is 130 kilometers, and public transportation in the central city accounts for 65% of motorized trips.
Second, strengthen urban traffic management
Optimize the management of public transport operation services and strengthen the construction and management of public transport transfer hubs; Continue to implement measures to control the total number of small and medium-sized buses, and strictly control the number of cars and traffic flow in cities; Strengthen the intelligent management of ground traffic and improve the efficiency of road traffic; We will build and improve the intelligent transportation service and management platform, strengthen the management of traffic demand, and promote public travel information services such as "newsletter" and parking guidance. Strengthen the organization and management of different modes of transportation, improve the effective connection of different modes of transportation such as public transportation, rail transit, highway, waterway, railway and civil aviation, and improve transportation efficiency. Strive to achieve an average speed of not less than 25km/h on the trunk road network in the central city by 2020.
Third, improve the efficiency of freight traffic
Encourage the development of drop-off transportation, strengthen the management of freight vehicles, and guide the operation of freight vehicles to large-scale and professional development. Optimize the layout of large-scale freight infrastructure, and improve the operational efficiency of large-scale transportation hubs such as airports, seaports and public-rail intermodal freight stations. Strengthen the layout optimization of urban logistics stations and encourage the development of modern comprehensive logistics stations and yards. Improve the urban logistics distribution network, differentiate the functional orientation, serve the urban logistics demand in different regions and levels, and improve the distribution efficiency. Strengthen the application of information technology, promote the construction of logistics information platform, and improve the level of intelligent development of freight transportation.
　
Section 2 Vigorously Promote New Energy Vehicles
　
First, promote the use of new energy vehicles
Accelerate the elimination of old vehicles with high energy consumption and low efficiency.Priority will be given to promoting the use of new energy vehicles in the fields of public transport, rental, official business and special vehicles. Starting from 2016, among the updated or newly added buses, the proportion of pure electric buses shall not be less than 90%, and the remaining 10% shall all use new energy vehicles; Among the updated or newly added taxis, the proportion of pure electric taxis shall not be less than 70% and increase by 5 percentage points year by year, and the remaining 30% shall all use new energy vehicles; Pure electric vehicles in party and government organs and public institutions accounted for no less than 95% of the total number of vehicles equipped with updates in that year. Increase the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in the fields of urban logistics and private car purchase. Explore the development of intercity passenger dedicated lines for new energy vehicles, and establish and improve the dynamic monitoring mechanism for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles.
Second, build and improve charging facilities
All newly-built residential parking spaces shall be equipped with charging facilities or reserved with charging facilities interfaces. Newly-built urban public parking lots, newly-built office buildings, shopping malls, hotels and other public construction projects shall be equipped with charging and replacing piles or reserved charging and replacing facilities interfaces at a ratio of not less than 30% of the total number of parking spaces. Gradually promote the building supporting parking lots, urban public parking lots and residential quarters that have been built and under construction to build charging piles. Government agencies, public institutions, enterprises and institutions should make full use of internal parking lot resources and plan to build special parking spaces and charging facilities for electric vehicles at a ratio of not less than 20%. Establish a supporting service system that adapts to new energy vehicles, basically taking the charging and replacing facilities in the user’s residence and resident parking spaces (basic parking spaces) as the main body and the charging and replacing facilities in urban public parking spaces as the auxiliary.With intercity, city charging stations and power exchange stations as supplements, the service system of charging and power exchange facilities is moderately advanced in number, reasonable in layout, convenient to use and unified in standards and norms.
　
The third quarter to carry out low-carbon transformation of transportation infrastructure
　
I. Promote low-carbon transformation and operation of the station.
Promote the application of energy-saving and carbon-reducing technologies such as solar photovoltaic and roof greening in urban passenger (cargo) transport yards, bus hub stations and parking lots, and strengthen the low-carbon transformation and operation monitoring of high-power consumption equipment such as bus stations, passenger and freight stations, subway stations and passenger (ferry) terminals. Vigorously promote green lighting, reasonably control the indoor central air conditioning temperature of traffic stations, and reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions during station operation. Popularize and apply electronic toll collection, detection and information transmission systems.
Second, build and improve the slow-moving system
Optimize the design of street slow-moving space, set up hard isolation or car blocking piers on conditional roads, create exclusive lanes for bicycles and pedestrians, and effectively separate motor vehicles and pedestrians through green belts and separation walls in areas with concentrated traffic. Optimize the pedestrian passage network, expand the connection of pedestrian passages inside and outside the red line, and strengthen the construction of pedestrian crossing system and underground pedestrian system in the central city. Improve the bicycle network and parking facilities, strengthen the channel network and facilities construction in areas along public transportation and rail transit, and improve the bicycle traffic environment.
Third, the application of new technologies in traffic construction
Strengthen green design and construction in road and bridge, tunnel, station, service area, maintenance center, port, navigation mark, subway and related supporting housing construction projects, and promote the application of energy-saving and low-carbon technologies, products and processes.In the road maintenance project, actively guide and popularize new technologies and processes of road maintenance, such as recycling technology of old asphalt concrete, rubber asphalt of waste tires, hot recycling of asphalt pavement, warm mixed asphalt, etc.
Fourth, promote the green transformation of ships and ports
Accelerate the elimination of old transport ships, improve the fuel quality of ships berthing in Hong Kong, and promote water bus to switch to clean energy such as liquefied natural gas. Accelerate the construction of shore power facilities in existing ports. For newly-built cruise terminals and container terminals of 100,000 tons and above, we will simultaneously build shore power supply equipment and facilities for berthing ships, and urge berthing ships to use shore power supply. The utilization rate of shore power for harbor ships and official ships will reach 100%. Improve the energy consumption structure of port machinery, speed up the process of "changing oil into electricity" and "changing oil into gas" for mobile machinery and transportation tools, complete the "changing oil into electricity" transformation of all RTG, and popularize the use of light and energy-saving loading and unloading and transportation equipment. Ports and docks should give priority to the application of LED (light emitting diode) lighting system and intelligent information control technology, and improve the reception and centralized treatment facilities for pollutants and wastes such as ship oil and sewage.

Chapter VIII Promoting the Green Development of Buildings
　
Strengthen the supervision and management of the whole process of building design, construction, use and dismantling, speed up the research and development, popularization and application of building energy-saving technologies, vigorously promote green buildings, speed up the energy-saving transformation of existing buildings, and create a green ecological city.
　
Section 1 Full implementation of building energy conservation
　
First, strictly supervise the whole process of new building energy conservation.
Realize the full implementation of mandatory building energy efficiency standards in the design and construction stages,Strengthen the supervision of building energy efficiency in project approval and filing, planning and design, construction drawing review, construction and acceptance. Encourage new residential decoration in place or the implementation of menu decoration. To implement green construction, the construction site should publicize the energy-saving measures and design indicators of the project, and the real estate development enterprises should publicize the energy consumption indicators, energy-saving measures and protection requirements of the houses sold at the sales site and residential brochures. Standardize the management of building demolition and strengthen the management of transportation, disposal and utilization of construction waste. Actively promote the "internet plus" green building action, and promote the meticulous management of green energy conservation in the planning, design, construction and operation stages.
Second, increase the energy-saving transformation of existing buildings.
Optimize the thermal performance of wall, roof and other envelope structures, popularize the green material technology of thermal insulation and mature roof greening technology, effectively reduce the building temperature, reduce the power load of air conditioning in summer, and reduce the urban heat island effect. Promote the use of green building materials, encourage the application of rainwater recovery, solar photovoltaic, solar hot water and ground source heat pump systems, and plan and build centralized cooling, ice storage and water storage air conditioning systems in office buildings and business centers where conditions permit. Focusing on large public buildings such as office buildings of state organs, commercial office buildings, comprehensive shopping plazas, hotels and restaurants, we will implement household and sub-item energy metering, and promote energy-saving transformation of major energy-using systems such as lighting equipment, air conditioning systems, elevators, cookers and water appliances. Encourage the use of contract energy management mode to carry out energy-saving transformation, and support the existing buildings with conditions to implement green transformation in accordance with green building standards.By the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan, the energy-saving renovation area of existing buildings will be over 7 million square meters.
Third, promote the large-scale application of renewable energy.
Promote the use of renewable energy utilization equipment such as solar hot water system, solar air conditioner and air (water) source heat pump in newly-built buildings where conditions permit, implement the building integration project of solar photovoltaic, air (water) source heat pump and other renewable energy in newly-built public buildings, municipal works and affordable housing, encourage the installation of solar photovoltaic panels on building facades and roofs, and promote the application of solar lighting. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the construction area of new renewable energy applications reached more than 4 million square meters.
Four, the implementation of building energy consumption quota index management
Study and formulate energy consumption quota control indicators for different types of buildings as control indicators for building planning, design and operation management. Gradually implement the design system of energy consumption quota for new public buildings, implement the management of energy consumption quota for large public buildings, and implement ladder prices for energy consumption (electricity consumption) exceeding the quota. Government office buildings and large public buildings gradually popularize energy auditing, energy efficiency evaluation and labeling systems, and incorporate key energy-consuming buildings into the management of energy consumption monitoring platform of municipal public buildings to realize real-time monitoring of energy consumption.
　
Section 2 Vigorously Promote Green Building
　
First, increase the proportion of new green buildings
Housing construction, urban renewal, new housing construction in new urban development areas, large-scale public buildings and other projects invested by financial funds must be approved, land, transferred, planned, constructed and managed in accordance with green building standards.Encourage real estate development projects to implement two-star and above standards for green buildings and build green residential areas. Establish and promote the green building completion marking system, and gradually implement the mandatory marking system for buildings that should implement green building standards according to regulations. Accelerate the research and development of key technologies of green buildings and the application of appropriate technologies. Strive to reach 40% of new buildings in cities and towns by 2020.
Second, create a green architectural style with Lingnan characteristics
Carry out technical research and integrated application demonstration of green buildings with Lingnan characteristics. Design Lingnan characteristic cities in important landscape passages, urban nodes, urban landmarks and waterfront areas. It is advocated to adopt the spatial organization mode of traditional Lingnan architecture in the design of green buildings, and through the clever use of traditional measures such as spatial layout, external shading and natural ventilation, a number of new era city business cards and representative Lingnan buildings and gardens will be built to show Lingnan culture.
Third, promote the construction of green ecological urban areas
Implement the concept of green and low carbon in the planning, construction and operation of new urban development zones, establish a green eco-city index system including the proportion of green buildings, public transportation, renewable energy utilization, reclaimed water utilization and waste recycling, promote innovative development in the fields of green municipal administration, green transportation and green energy, and create more than five green eco-cities in 2020.
Fourth, research and development and promotion of green building materials
Vigorously promote safe, durable, energy-saving and environmentally friendly green building materials with convenient construction. Accelerate the development of building insulation systems and materials with good fire and heat insulation performance,Actively develop green and energy-saving building materials such as heat reflective coatings, low-emissivity coated glass, broken bridge heat insulation doors and windows, and sunshade systems. Guide the development and application of high-performance concrete and high-strength steel, and focus on promoting the use of high-strength concrete and high-strength hot-rolled ribbed steel bars. Encourage the development of prefabricated buildings and promote prefabricated components such as stairs, laminated floors, balcony panels and air conditioning panels.
　
In the third quarter, fully implement green construction
　
Optimize planning and design and promote green construction management from the perspective of material saving and recycling in the whole life cycle of buildings. Popularize the reclaimed water utilization system, guide the construction projects to apply recycled building materials products from construction wastes that meet the corresponding technical standards, and promote the use of detachable environmental protection fences with strong safety, convenient installation and disassembly, and many turnover times to realize "four sections and one environmental protection" (energy saving, material saving, water saving, land saving and environmental protection). By 2020, the application of water recycling system, the recycling of construction waste and the recycling of enclosure materials will be fully promoted in large-scale projects under construction in the city.
　

　
Chapter IX Promoting the Comprehensive Utilization of Wastes
　
Improve the recycling system of renewable resources, comprehensively strengthen the recycling of all kinds of recyclable urban solid waste, actively develop urban minerals, realize the reduction, recycling and harmlessness of urban waste, and promote the recycling and low-carbon utilization of resources.
　
The first section to improve the level of waste utilization
　
First, improve the level of waste remanufacturing
Increase the pilot work of automobile parts remanufacturing, encourage large automobile dismantling enterprises to carry out parts remanufacturing,On the basis of the existing pilot remanufacturing of automobile gearbox, engine and other parts, the remanufacturing scope will be expanded to other parts such as transmission shaft, oil pump, water pump, booster pump, construction machinery, industrial electromechanical equipment and machine tools. Carry out the identification of remanufactured products, cultivate a number of demonstration enterprises, encourage the agglomeration and development of remanufactured enterprises through market means, and support large automobile groups to build their own automobile recycling enterprises. Explore the implementation of electronic and digital waste recycling system, and promote the recycling and utilization of electronic and digital waste on a pilot basis.
Second, the construction of specialized sorting center
We will build a number of professional sorting centers for "urban minerals" with advanced technology and equipment that meet the requirements of environmental protection, and actively cooperate with surrounding areas to establish a recycling and treatment base for urban solid waste. Accelerate the technological upgrading and transformation of "urban minerals" sorting and processing enterprises, enhance the professional and refined sorting and processing capabilities, promote the effective connection between production and demand, promote the integrated development of "urban minerals" recycling and processing, and enhance the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources of leading enterprises.
Third, promote the development and utilization of construction waste
Establish and improve the policy system of classified treatment and graded recycling of construction waste, and formulate supporting policies such as source reduction of engineering construction, classified management of building demolition site, waste transportation and consumption management, waste recycling, and financial subsidies for recycled building materials. Strengthen the source management of building demolition, and explore the establishment of an audit system for building scrapping demolition. Implement the product identification system for recycled building materials from construction waste, and issue the promotion and use methods and application guidelines for recycled building materials from construction waste.The recycled building materials products from construction wastes are listed in the recommended catalogue of energy-saving products. By 2020, a number of temporary disposal sites for construction wastes will be built, with a temporary disposal capacity of 300 million cubic meters, and 3-4 production lines for the treatment and utilization of dismantled construction wastes of more than 600,000 cubic meters will be built, so as to realize the annual utilization of dismantled wastes of more than 3 million cubic meters. Seven construction waste comprehensive utilization plants will be built, and the recycling rate of dismantled construction waste will reach over 85%.
　
Section 2 Improve the waste recycling system
　
First, the implementation of waste source reduction
Establish an extended producer responsibility system, reduce the waste output in all aspects of production, transportation, sales and consumption, improve the construction level of domestic waste classification demonstration cities, and explore a convenient and scientific domestic waste classification model. We will promote the service industry to provide disposable products with compensation, and limit and reduce non-degradable plastic bags and disposable products. Encourage packaging production enterprises to use recyclable, reusable, recyclable and biodegradable materials to simplify the packaging structure. Simple packaging is preferred, and commodity producers and sellers should be responsible for the recycling of packaging materials.
Second, strengthen the construction of renewable resources recycling network
Establish an information system for the recycling of renewable resources, guide the recycling enterprises of renewable resources to form an effective docking with productive enterprises and community sanitation stations, and improve the resource recovery rate. Upgrade the recycling facilities of renewable resources in the city and promote the standardization of community recycling sites as a whole. The central city will gradually implement "fixed-point" logistics professional recycling,Solve the problem that it is not suitable to set up recycling stations in the central city. Encourage investment entities such as production enterprises and circulation enterprises to participate in recycling and network construction. Accelerate the improvement of the logistics system that is conducive to the reverse recycling of the remanufacturing industry, strengthen effective classification and recycling management, and form a core collection capacity that matches the remanufacturing scale.
Third, optimize the domestic waste collection and transportation system
Establish a classified collection and transportation system that is seamlessly connected with source classified delivery and terminal classified processing. Optimize the classified collection and transportation lines of domestic garbage, rationally allocate the collection and transportation lines and vehicles, and improve the separate classification and transportation network of kitchen waste, other garbage and harmful waste. We will implement a regular inspection and verification system for garbage transport vehicles, and intensify efforts to rectify the dripping behavior of transport vehicles. Upgrade and transform a number of garbage compression stations, promote the construction of large-scale multi-functional compression transfer stations, and further improve the efficiency of community garbage collection, transportation and transfer. Explore the establishment of big data for waste classification management, and realize dynamic monitoring of the whole process of waste classification treatment through the application of Internet of Things technology to improve work efficiency. Before the end of 2017, the city will establish a perfect garbage collection and transportation system with classified discharge, classified collection and transportation and classified compression.
　
Section III Promoting the Resource Utilization of Domestic Waste
　
First, speed up the construction of large-scale domestic waste treatment facilities
Comprehensive promotion of incineration power generation, biological treatment and other domestic waste resource utilization methods, reduce landfill treatment. Complete the planning and construction of seven circular economy industrial parks, comprehensively build the third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh resource thermal power plants and other treatment facilities, and strengthen the operation supervision of treatment facilities.Improve the supervision system of garbage compression, garbage incineration and garbage landfill to ensure the safe and orderly operation of domestic garbage treatment facilities in the city. By 2020, the city’s domestic waste incineration capacity will reach more than 20,000 tons/day, basically achieving the goal of "source reduction, resource utilization and harmless treatment", and comprehensively resolving the crisis of domestic waste siege.
Second, strengthen the resource utilization of kitchen waste
Promote the separation of solid, water and oil of kitchen waste in government canteens and hotels and restaurants, establish a system of registration, supervision and punishment of kitchen waste discharge, promote local dehydration and reduction of market waste in some large fruit and vegetable wholesale markets, and encourage districts and towns to explore the use of economic means to promote the reduction of kitchen waste at the source. We will build a national pilot city for resource utilization and harmless treatment of kitchen waste, vigorously promote the construction and standardized management of temporary kitchen waste treatment facilities, and standardize the management of small kitchen waste treatment equipment. By 2020, the resource treatment capacity of kitchen waste will reach more than 4,800 tons/day.
　

　
Chapter 10 Enhancing Forestry Carbon Sequestration Capacity
　
Actively implement the forest carbon sink consolidation and upgrading project, continuously improve the carbon sink capacity of forests and wetlands, and reduce the total greenhouse gas emissions.
　
Section 1 Improving Carbon Fixation Capacity
　
First, increase forest carbon sinks
Continue to promote the transformation project of carbon sink forest, inefficient pure forest and low-quality woodland, increase forest carbon storage and improve forest ecological benefits. Strengthen the protection of existing forest resources, strengthen forest tending management and transformation of inefficient forests, and improve the total amount and quality of forest resources in mountainous areas.Focusing on the construction of carbon sinks in Conghua District and Zengcheng District, we will speed up the construction of afforestation and increase foreign exchange in the whole city. By 2020, the city’s ecological public welfare forest area will be expanded to 190,000 hectares, and 12,000 hectares of forest carbon sinks will be built.
Second, improve the carbon sequestration capacity of wetlands
Strengthen the reconstruction and restoration of wetland ecosystem, and comprehensively improve the function and carbon sequestration capacity of wetland ecosystem. Vigorously build a distinctive wetland park network covering urban and rural areas, strengthen the management of wetland parks, and build 1-2 national wetland parks by 2020. Improve the laws and regulations system and management system of wetland protection, strictly implement the red line use control and the system of occupation and compensation balance, and by 2020, the wetland protection rate of water network will reach more than 85%.
Third, give play to the carbon sequestration function of urban garden green space
Strengthen the construction of urban and rural garden green spaces and country parks, increase large-scale green patches in cities, breed excellent and suitable flower species with high carbon sink reserves and good ecological benefits, strengthen the greening on both sides of main roads and key river basins, and give full play to the capacity of urban and rural garden green spaces to fix carbon and increase foreign exchange. Improve the infrastructure of public green space, establish and improve the maintenance mechanism of built greenways and green spaces. In 2020, the per capita park green area will reach 18 square meters.
　
Section II Promoting Carbon Sink Measurement and Monitoring
　
Set up sample plots in the whole city, review them regularly, and promote the measurement and monitoring of carbon sinks in forests, wetlands and green spaces in Guangzhou. Popularize carbon sink measurement models and methods, and further improve the basic database and forestry carbon sink inventory. Construction of the city’s forestry carbon sink measurement and monitoring system, improve the level of carbon sink measurement and monitoring,Establish scientific basis and transaction basic data for carbon sink trading.
　
Section III Encouraging Carbon Sink Trading
　
Carry out the certification of forest carbon sinks in our city, encourage the owners and demanders of forest carbon sinks to actively carry out carbon sinks trading based on the trading platform and trading system of forest carbon sinks, activate the carbon sink market, realize the scheduling of forest carbon sinks, and promote the further development of forestry ecological construction. Actively explore the development of various forestry projects to increase foreign exchange and reduce emissions, and encourage them to enter the carbon market through the voluntary emission reduction mechanism certified by China. Promote key greenhouse gas enterprises (institutions) to participate in the construction of forestry carbon sink projects or purchase carbon sink projects to reduce emissions, and assume social responsibility for carbon reduction.
　

　
Chapter XI Building Green Public Institutions
　
Implement the requirements of Regulations on Energy Conservation of Public Institutions and Measures for Energy Conservation of Public Institutions in Guangdong Province, improve the management system and energy consumption standards of public institutions in our city, comprehensively promote energy-saving and water-saving technologies and equipment, promote government energy-saving and low-carbon procurement, promote green and low-carbon public institutions, and set a good example for energy conservation and carbon reduction of the whole society.
　
Section 1 Strengthening the Energy Management of Public Institutions
　
Strengthen energy-saving management and system construction of public institutions, strengthen performance management and evaluation, and incorporate resource and energy-saving targets into the target responsibility system of government agencies at all levels and the assessment system of leading cadres. Study and formulate the energy consumption standards of public institutions in Guangzhou, explore the establishment of the energy consumption quota system of public institutions, and formulate the Evaluation Standards of Green Public Institutions in Guangzhou. Carry out pilot activities to establish energy efficiency "leaders" in public institutions,Organize and implement the "Three-year Action Plan for Creating Green Public Institutions in Guangzhou", and encourage and support public institutions at all levels to create national demonstration units of conservation-oriented public institutions. Promote public institutions to optimize internal energy-saving management systems and processes, and improve the technical and management level of energy-saving managers. Promote public institutions with high energy consumption to gradually realize household, sub-item and sub-district measurement of energy resources use, strengthen statistical analysis of energy resources use, and gradually realize online monitoring of energy consumption of key energy-using units in public institutions.
　
Section 2 Promoting Energy-saving Transformation of Public Institutions
　
Implement the three-year action plan for building green public institutions, and regularly carry out energy audits of public institutions or centralized office areas with annual energy consumption of more than 500 tons of standard coal or annual electricity consumption of more than 2 million kWh or construction area of more than 10,000 square meters. Vigorously promote energy-saving, environmentally-friendly, safe and durable green building materials, transform the building envelope, and comprehensively promote the roof greening project. Promote the use of energy-saving equipment such as frequency conversion air conditioners and frequency conversion escalators, and adopt LED lighting for public areas of new construction and renovation projects. Promote the use of solar water heaters in schools, hospitals and other units with hot water needs, and encourage qualified public institutions to use solar photovoltaic power generation equipment. Promote the application of energy-saving stoves and energy-saving and water-saving catering facilities and equipment, and install energy-saving and efficient fume purification facilities. Encourage key energy-using units such as centralized office areas of party and government organs, large and medium-sized schools, hospitals, etc. to adopt contract energy management mode, and focus on building envelope and energy-using systems such as power distribution, air conditioning, lighting and elevators to carry out comprehensive energy-saving renovation of existing buildings.Carry out the construction of water-saving units, vigorously promote the application of water-saving technologies, fully popularize water-saving appliances, advocate "multi-use of one water", urge and encourage the establishment of reclaimed water recycling systems and rainwater collection systems, and more than 50% of municipal units will build water-saving units by 2020.
　
Section III Strengthening Green Energy-saving Procurement
　
Give play to the role of government green energy-saving procurement and promote the promotion of energy-saving and low-carbon products, technologies and services. Strictly implement the priority procurement and compulsory procurement system for energy-saving products, and rationally allocate office equipment. Expand the scope of government energy-saving procurement, and include products produced from renewable resources, products certified by quality management system and environmental management system, energy-saving labeling products, and various environmentally-friendly green products that are energy-saving, water-saving, electricity-saving and pollution-free, in the priority procurement plan, so as to increase the proportion of green products such as recyclable products, recycled products and environmentally-friendly products in government procurement.
　
The fourth quarter to promote green office
　
Comprehensively promote green office in public institutions at all levels in the city. Actively promote paperless office, basically realize the seamless docking of the city’s electronic office systems, and gradually increase the proportion of electronic documents and video conferences. Reduce the examination and approval of administrative license, promote the construction of e-government public platform, improve the "one-net" service hall, and improve the efficiency of government agencies. Strengthen the operation adjustment, patrol inspection and maintenance of energy-using systems and equipment, cultivate good energy-saving behavior habits, and reduce unnecessary power consumption such as standby of office equipment. Reduce the use of disposable consumables, continue to deepen the work of garbage sorting and recycling,Encourage public institutions and qualified enterprises to establish a fixed-point regular recycling mechanism. Strengthen the refined management of canteens, implement reasonable catering, save meals, and carry out anti-food waste actions. Promote the resource utilization of kitchen waste and encourage qualified public institutions to install on-site resource treatment equipment for kitchen waste.
　

　
Chapter XII Advocating Green Lifestyle
　
Promote ecological culture, cultivate awareness of energy conservation and low carbon, establish the concept of green life, and promote thrift and green low carbon to become social fashion.
　
Section 1 Cultivate the concept of green life
　
First, in-depth development of green education for all
Strengthen the education on the basic national conditions of resources and environment, vigorously carry forward the traditional virtues of thrift of the Chinese nation, integrate the concepts of thrift, green and low carbon into the teaching system of family education, preschool education, primary and secondary education and ideological and moral construction for minors, popularize the scientific knowledge of coping with climate change, and actively encourage and support primary and secondary schools to widely carry out green and low-carbon popular science education and campus low-carbon theme practice activities. Incorporate the theory and practice of energy conservation and low carbon into various vocational education, cadre training system, enterprise employee training and cultural construction, social and cultural construction and other systems, and take low-carbon life education as a compulsory course for leaders’ training activities at city and district levels.
Second, widely promote the theme of energy conservation and carbon reduction.
In-depth implementation of the national action of energy conservation and emission reduction, the national action of saving morality, and the inclusion of green consumption in national energy conservation publicity week, popular science activity week, national low-carbon day, environment day and other thematic publicity activities,Give full play to the role of departments in charge of various industries, trade unions, the Communist Youth League, women’s federations, relevant industry associations and environmental protection organizations, and strengthen the propaganda and supervision of green consumption of news media and online media. Actively play the role of social organizations and promote the public and all sectors of society to participate in climate change action. Establish an incentive mechanism to encourage the public to participate in the response to climate change, improve the channels and systems for the release of information on climate change, and enhance the transparency of relevant decisions.
　
The second quarter to carry out low-carbon life action
　
Advocate family to save water and electricity, reasonably control indoor air conditioning temperature, reduce ineffective lighting and reduce standby energy consumption of electrical equipment. Actively promote energy-efficient household appliances and lighting products, and promote the use of energy-saving doors and windows, construction waste recycling products and other green building materials and environmental protection decoration materials. Encourage the purchase of water-saving products such as water-saving faucets, water-saving toilets and water-saving washing machines. Encourage consumers to bring their own toiletries when traveling, advocate carrying cloth bags, revisiting food baskets, reusing reusable shopping bags, and reducing the use of disposable daily necessities. Support the development of sharing economy, encourage the effective use of personal idle resources, and orderly develop online booking carpooling, hotel rental, and exchange and utilization of old things. Encourage travel modes such as walking, cycling and public transportation, and advocate activities such as "Car Free Day" and "Low Carbon Travel". Encourage the purchase of new energy and energy-saving and environmentally-friendly cars, popularize green driving knowledge and promote green driving behavior. By promoting the carbon GSP, citizens will be encouraged to practice energy-saving and low-carbon behaviors, and more citizens will be attracted to participate in low-carbon actions.
　
Section III Pilot Demonstration of Creating Low-carbon Communities
　
Formulate green and low-carbon community construction standards, and promote the application of water-saving, energy-saving, material-saving and land-saving technologies in communities. In community planning and design, building materials selection, community lighting, community transportation, construction and other aspects, the application of advanced low-carbon life concept. Application of green building energy-saving complete sets of supporting technologies, promotion of residential industrialization complete sets of technologies, encourage the establishment of community energy and transportation security systems with high efficiency, energy conservation and maximum utilization of renewable energy, and strengthen the ecological construction of community greening. Establish low-carbon behavior norms such as community energy saving, water saving, travel and garbage sorting, advocate the establishment of community second-hand daily necessities exchange market, and guide community residents to generally accept green and low-carbon lifestyles and consumption patterns. Combined with the construction of characteristic towns, we will strengthen the construction of low-carbon infrastructure and functional planning, promote energy-saving and low-carbon technologies, and create a number of characteristic towns with low-carbon themes.
　

　
Chapter XIII Safeguard Measures
　
Give full play to the leading role of planning, strengthen government guidance and supervision management, clarify the division of tasks, strictly evaluate performance, strengthen law enforcement supervision, and ensure the completion of planning objectives and tasks.
　
Section 1 Strengthening Organization and Overall Planning
　
First, implement the target responsibility system
The municipal leading group for energy conservation, emission reduction and low-carbon economic development is responsible for coordinating the promotion of energy conservation and carbon reduction in the whole society. Departments in charge of various industries and district governments are responsible for energy conservation and carbon reduction in their own industries and regions. Strengthen the coordination and information sharing of all departments to ensure that all energy-saving and carbon-reducing work is implemented.Establish a dual-control mechanism for total energy consumption and intensity, formulate dual-control targets for total energy consumption and intensity, decompose various indicators and tasks into responsible departments and district governments, incorporate them into the comprehensive evaluation and performance appraisal system for economic and social development of various departments and regions, conduct annual assessment on the completion of targets and the implementation of measures, and improve and strengthen the supervision, assessment and reward and punishment mechanisms.
Second, improve the statistical management of energy consumption
Accelerate the improvement of energy consumption statistics and analysis systems in various industries, expand the scope of energy statistical investigation, and refine the classification of energy statistical varieties and indicators. Incorporate the basic statistical indicators of greenhouse gas emissions into the government statistical indicator system, and establish and improve a basic statistical system that covers energy activities, industrial production processes, agriculture, land use change and forestry, and waste disposal to meet the accounting requirements of greenhouse gas emissions. Strengthen the refined management of energy consumption, build the platform of Guangzhou Energy Management Center, monitor the energy consumption of key energy-using units and key fields in the city online, and realize the overall management functions such as energy-saving evaluation, energy-saving supervision and energy-saving projects, and become an energy consumption information management system in all fields of the whole society.
Third, strengthen energy conservation supervision and law enforcement
Establish local laws and regulations on energy-saving supervision in Guangzhou, comprehensively carry out energy-saving supervision and law enforcement for key enterprises and high-energy-consuming projects, and strengthen special supervision such as energy consumption limits and energy-saving assessment projects for fixed assets. Severely punish all kinds of violations of laws and regulations, regularly publish the monitoring situation, expose the illegal energy-using units and behaviors, and incorporate them into the municipal credit management system for management.
Fourth, strengthen the evaluation of planning implementation
Organize the mid-term evaluation and summary evaluation of the implementation of the plan, with the main indicators, policy measures and major projects included in each special plan as the main starting point, scientifically evaluate the implementation results of the plan, find problems in time, and ensure the smooth completion of the planning objectives and tasks. Make full use of professional resources such as think tanks to conduct third-party assessments in a timely manner.
　
Section 2 Strengthening the Market Function
　
First, improve the energy price policy
Accelerate the price reform of energy resources, establish and improve the price formation mechanism that reflects the scarcity of resources, the relationship between market supply and demand and environmental costs. We will improve the ladder price system for residential electricity, water and gas consumption, formulate classified electricity consumption quota standards, and implement differential electricity prices for projects explicitly eliminated and restricted by the state and high-energy-consuming enterprises. Expand the implementation scope of peak-valley electricity price and support the popularization and application of energy storage technology.
Second, carry out the reform of the power system
Taking Guangzhou Development Zone as a pilot, we will explore and carry out the reform of the power system, cultivate the main body of the power sales market in various ways, encourage qualified enterprises to invest and set up the main body of power sales, support the transformation of the main body of power sales into an integrated energy service provider, liberalize the price of competitive links in power and other fields, promote power demand side management, and improve energy utilization efficiency and user energy consumption level. Establish an electricity trading center and explore energy and environmental exchanges covering electricity, oil and gas, carbon emissions trading and other businesses.
Third, promote carbon emission trading
According to the unified deployment of carbon emission trading in the whole country, the threshold of emission control enterprises will be gradually lowered and the coverage of compulsory trading of carbon emission rights will be expanded.Study and explore the inclusion of large public buildings and transportation enterprises in the scope of mandatory carbon emission trading, develop voluntary emission reduction projects in the fields of construction and transportation, and activate the trading market. On the basis of carbon spot trading, promote and explore carbon futures and carbon finance. Improve the carbon trading registration system and establish a market supervision system for carbon emission trading. Create conditions to build a national platform for carbon trading spot, and strive to set up an innovative futures exchange in Guangzhou with carbon as the first trading variety.
　
Section III Strengthening Financial Guarantee
　
First, increase financial investment.
Continue to increase financial investment in energy conservation and carbon reduction, give full play to the leading role of financial funds, and gradually form an investment mechanism for energy conservation and carbon reduction with financial funds as the guide and enterprise funds as the main body. Relevant functional departments at all levels will include the funds needed for energy-saving transformation of public institutions and the funds for energy-saving and carbon-reducing work in their annual departmental budgets, and financial departments at all levels will give support to meet the actual needs of specific work on energy-saving and carbon-reducing. Strengthen the management of energy-saving and low-carbon special funds, focus on supporting the development of energy-saving and low-carbon industries, research and development of energy-saving and low-carbon technologies, popularization and application of energy-saving products, demonstration projects of energy-saving transformation, demonstration projects of circular economy and other fields, and improve the effectiveness of fund use. Actively implement the state’s preferential tax policies to support energy conservation and carbon reduction, and ensure that all state support policies are implemented.
Second, expand the financing channels of social funds
Give full play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of resources, explore the use of various means such as investment subsidies and loan interest subsidies, and improve the mechanism of diversified funds to support low-carbon development.Attract funds from all walks of life, especially venture capital funds, into the research and development and promotion of low-carbon technologies and the construction of major low-carbon development projects. Encourage green finance, guide banking financial institutions to establish and improve green credit mechanism, encourage financial institutions to innovate financial products and services, broaden financing channels, and actively provide financing support for high-quality and low-carbon projects.
　
Section IV Strengthening Foreign Exchanges
　
Strengthen the exchanges and cooperation between our city and international advanced countries in the low-carbon field, and build a low-carbon city into a good city image and cooperation platform for our foreign cooperation and exchange. Comprehensively promote the China-Swiss (Guangzhou) low-carbon city project, actively participate in C40 activities, China-US climate summit and other international exchange activities, introduce, digest and absorb foreign advanced technology and equipment, and actively learn from advanced energy-saving and carbon-reducing technologies and successful experiences of developed countries. Actively strengthen cooperation with "Belt and Road" countries in the fields of new energy and low-carbon development, support energy-saving and low-carbon enterprises and scientific research institutions in our city to "go global", and make full use of relevant international aid funds and foreign preferential loans to carry out energy-saving and carbon-reducing projects.
Issued by the Secretariat of the General Office of Guangzhou Municipal People’s Government on April 26, 2017

Notice on printing and distributing the Interim Measures for the administration of competitive consultation procurement methods in government procurement

Caiku [2014] No.214

Relevant departments of the CPC Central Committee, ministries and commissions of the State Council, directly affiliated institutions, General Office of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), General Office of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, High Court, Supreme People’s Procuratorate, relevant people’s organizations, finance departments (bureaus) of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities with separate plans, Finance Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and centralized procurement institutions:

　　In order to deepen the reform of the government procurement system, adapt to the needs of promoting the government to purchase services and promoting the cooperation between government and social capital (PPP), according to the Government Procurement Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and relevant laws and regulations, the Ministry of Finance has formulated the Interim Measures for the Administration of Competitive Consultation in Government Procurement. It is issued to you, please follow it.

　　Annex: Interim Measures for the Administration of Competitive Consultation Procurement Mode of Government Procurement

the Ministry of Finance

　　December 31, 2014

　　attachment

　　Interim Measures for the Administration of Competitive Consultation Procurement Methods of Government Procurement

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 These Measures are formulated in accordance with Item 6, Paragraph 1, Article 26 of the Government Procurement Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Government Procurement Law) for the purpose of regulating government procurement behavior and safeguarding national interests, social public interests and the legitimate rights and interests of parties involved in government procurement.

　　Article 2 The term "competitive negotiation procurement mode" as mentioned in these Measures means that the purchaser and the government procurement agency negotiate with qualified suppliers on the procurement of goods, projects and services through the establishment of a competitive consultation group (hereinafter referred to as the consultation group), and the suppliers submit response documents and quotations according to the requirements of the consultation documents, and the purchaser determines the procurement mode of the clinched supplier from the list of candidate suppliers proposed after the review of the consultation group.

　　Article 3 Projects that meet the following conditions may be purchased through competitive negotiation:

　　(1) Services purchased by the government;

　　(two) the technology is complex or special, and it is impossible to determine the detailed specifications or specific requirements;

　　(3) The total price cannot be calculated in advance because the time and quantity of art procurement, patents, proprietary technology or services cannot be determined in advance;

　　(four) scientific research projects with insufficient market competition, as well as scientific and technological achievements transformation projects that need support;

　　(five) in accordance with the bidding law and its implementing regulations, the construction projects other than the construction projects that must be tendered.

　　Chapter II Consultation Procedures

　　Article 4 Where the procurement of goods and services that meet the standard of open tender amount intends to adopt the competitive negotiation procurement method, the purchaser shall, before the start of procurement activities, apply to the financial department of the people’s government at or above the municipal or autonomous prefecture level for approval according to law after reporting to the competent budget unit for approval.

　　Article 5 Purchasers and procurement agencies shall organize competitive consultations in accordance with the provisions of the Government Procurement Law and these Measures, and take necessary measures to ensure that the consultations are conducted in strict confidentiality.

　　No unit or individual may illegally interfere with or influence the negotiation process and results.

　　Article 6 A purchaser and a procurement agency shall invite at least three suppliers who meet the corresponding qualifications to participate in competitive negotiation and procurement activities by issuing an announcement, randomly selecting from the supplier library established by the financial department at or above the provincial level, or recommending in writing by the purchaser and the evaluation experts respectively.

　　Suppliers who meet the requirements stipulated in the first paragraph of Article 22 of the Government Procurement Law may join the supplier library before the procurement activities begin. The financial department shall not charge any fees for the supplier’s application for warehousing, and shall not use the supplier’s library to block the region and industry.

　　If the supplier is selected by the written recommendation of the purchaser and the evaluation experts, the purchaser and the evaluation experts shall issue their own written recommendations. The proportion of suppliers recommended by the purchaser shall not be higher than 50% of the total number of recommended suppliers.

　　Article 7 Where a supplier is invited by announcement, the purchaser and the procurement agency shall issue a competitive consultation announcement in the government procurement information release media designated by the financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level. The announcement of competitive consultation shall include the following main contents:

　　(a) the name, location and contact method of the purchaser and the procurement agency;

　　(two) the name, quantity, brief specification description or basic introduction of the procurement project;

　　(three) the budget of the procurement project;

　　(4) Qualifications of suppliers;

　　(five) the time, place and method of obtaining the consultation documents and the price of the consultation documents;

　　(6) The deadline, opening time and place for submitting the response documents;

　　(seven) the name and telephone number of the contact person of the procurement project.

　　Article 8 Competitive consultation documents (hereinafter referred to as consultation documents) shall be formulated according to the characteristics of the procurement project and the actual needs of the purchaser, and shall be approved by the purchaser in writing. The purchaser shall take meeting the actual demand as the principle, and shall not raise the procurement standards such as budget and asset allocation without authorization.

　　Consultation documents shall not require or indicate the name of suppliers or the brand of specific goods, and shall not contain conditions such as technology and services directed to specific suppliers.

　　Article 9 The consultation documents shall include supplier qualification conditions, procurement invitation, procurement method, procurement budget, procurement demand, government procurement policy requirements, evaluation procedures, evaluation methods, evaluation criteria, price composition or quotation requirements, preparation requirements of response documents, the amount and form of deposit payment, the situation that the deposit will not be returned, the contents that may be substantially changed during the consultation, the deadline for submission of response documents, the opening time and place, and the terms of the draft contract, etc.

　　Article 10 It shall not be less than 10 days from the date when the consultation document is issued to the deadline when the supplier submits the first response document.

　　The selling price of consultation documents shall be determined in accordance with the principle of making up the production cost of consultation documents, and shall not be for profit, and shall not be based on the project budget. The sale period of the consultation documents shall not be less than 5 working days from the date of commencement.

　　Before the deadline for submitting the first response document, the purchaser, the procurement agency or the consultation group may make necessary clarifications or amendments to the issued consultation document, and the contents of the clarifications or amendments shall be regarded as an integral part of the consultation document. If the clarification or modification may affect the preparation of the response document, the purchaser and the procurement agency shall notify all suppliers who have obtained the consultation document in writing at least 5 days before the deadline for submitting the first response document; If it is less than 5 days, the purchaser and the procurement agency shall postpone the deadline for submitting the first response document.

　　Article 11 A supplier shall prepare a response document according to the requirements of the consultation document, and bear legal responsibility for the authenticity and legality of the response document submitted by it.

　　Article 12 The purchaser and the procurement agency may require the supplier to pay the negotiation deposit before the deadline for submitting the response documents. The negotiation deposit shall be paid in non-cash forms such as checks, drafts, promissory notes or letters of guarantee issued by financial institutions and guarantee institutions. The amount of negotiation deposit shall not exceed 2% of the procurement project budget. If the supplier fails to submit the negotiation deposit according to the requirements of the negotiation documents, the response is invalid.

　　If the supplier is a consortium, one or more parties in the consortium can jointly pay the negotiation deposit, and the deposit paid by them is binding on all parties in the consortium.

　　Article 13 The supplier shall seal the response document and deliver it to the designated place before the deadline required by the consultation document. The response documents delivered after the deadline are invalid documents, and the purchaser, procurement agency or consultative group shall reject them.

　　Before the deadline for submission of response documents, the supplier may supplement, modify or withdraw the submitted response documents, and notify the purchaser and procurement agency in writing. The supplemented and modified contents shall be taken as an integral part of the response document. If the content of supplement and modification is inconsistent with the response document, the content of supplement and modification shall prevail.

　　Article 14 The consultative group shall consist of three or more representatives of the purchaser and review experts, and the number of review experts shall not be less than 2/3 of the total number of members of the consultative group. The purchaser’s representative shall not participate in the evaluation of the procurement projects of the department or the unit as an evaluation expert. Personnel of a procurement agency shall not participate in the review of procurement projects represented by this agency.

　　For government procurement projects that adopt competitive negotiation, the evaluation experts shall be randomly selected from the list of experts in relevant professions in the government procurement evaluation expert database. In accordance with the provisions of Article 3, paragraph 4 of these Measures, and in special circumstances, it is difficult to determine the appropriate evaluation experts through random methods. With the consent of the competent budget unit, the evaluation experts can be selected by themselves. For procurement projects with complex technology and strong professionalism, one legal expert shall be included in the evaluation experts.

　　Fifteenth evaluation experts shall abide by the discipline of evaluation work, and shall not disclose the evaluation situation and the business secrets learned during the evaluation.

　　In the process of evaluation, the consultative group finds that the supplier has committed illegal acts such as bribery, providing false materials or collusion, and shall report to the financial department in time.

　　Experts who have been illegally interfered in the evaluation process shall report to the finance and supervision departments in a timely manner.

　　Sixteenth members of the consultative group shall, in accordance with the principles of objectivity, impartiality and prudence, conduct independent evaluation according to the evaluation procedures, evaluation methods and evaluation standards stipulated in the consultation documents. The response documents that do not substantially respond to the consultation documents shall be treated as invalid responses, and the consultation team shall inform the suppliers that submitted the response documents.

　　If the contents of the consultation documents violate the relevant mandatory provisions of the state, the consultation group shall stop the review and explain the situation to the purchaser or procurement agency.

　　Seventeenth buyers, procurement agencies shall not make biased and misleading explanations or explanations to the evaluation experts in the consultative group.

　　The purchaser and procurement agency may, depending on the specific situation of the procurement project, organize the supplier to conduct on-site inspection or hold a question-and-answer meeting before the consultation, but shall not organize the on-site inspection and question-and-answer meeting with only one supplier separately or separately.

　　Article 18 When reviewing the validity, completeness and response degree of the response documents, the consultative group may require the suppliers to make necessary clarifications, explanations or corrections to the contents in the response documents that are ambiguous in meaning, inconsistent in the expression of similar problems, or have obvious errors in writing and calculation. The supplier’s clarification, explanation or correction shall not go beyond the scope of the response document or change the substantive content of the response document.

　　The response documents required by the consultative group for suppliers to clarify, explain or correct shall be made in writing. The clarification, explanation or correction of the supplier shall be signed or stamped with the official seal by the legal representative or his authorized representative. Signed by an authorized representative, a power of attorney from the legal representative shall be attached. If the supplier is a natural person, it shall be signed by himself and attached with identification certificate.

　　Article 19 All members of the consultative group shall focus on separate consultations with a single supplier, and give all suppliers participating in the consultations equal consultation opportunities.

　　Article 20 During the consultation, the consultative group may substantially change the technical and service requirements in the procurement requirements and the terms of the draft contract according to the consultation documents and the consultation situation, but shall not change other contents in the consultation documents. The content of substantive changes shall be confirmed by the purchaser’s representative.

　　The substantive changes made to the consultation document are an effective part of the consultation document, and the consultation team shall notify all the suppliers participating in the consultation in writing in time.

　　The supplier shall resubmit the response document according to the changes of the consultation document and the requirements of the consultation group, and sign or affix the official seal by its legal representative or authorized representative. Signed by an authorized representative, a power of attorney from the legal representative shall be attached. If the supplier is a natural person, it shall be signed by himself and attached with identification certificate.

　　Article 21 If the consultation document can specify the technical and service requirements of the subject matter of the procurement in detail, after the negotiation, the consultation group shall require all the suppliers who have substantially responded to submit the final quotation within the specified time, and the number of suppliers who have submitted the final quotation shall not be less than three.

　　If the technical and service requirements of the procurement target cannot be specified in detail in the consultation document, and the final design scheme or solution needs to be provided by the supplier after consultation, after the consultation, the consultation team shall vote to recommend the design schemes or solutions of more than three suppliers according to the principle that the minority is subordinate to the majority, and ask them to submit the final quotation within the specified time.

　　The final quotation is an effective part of the supplier’s response document. In case of meeting Item 4 of Article 3 of these Measures, there may be two suppliers who submit the final quotation.

　　Twenty-second suppliers who have submitted response documents may withdraw from the negotiation according to the negotiation situation before submitting the final quotation. The purchaser and the procurement agency shall refund the consultation deposit of the supplier who has withdrawn from the consultation.

　　Article 23 After the final purchase demand and the supplier who submitted the final quotation are determined through consultation, the consultation team will comprehensively score the response documents and the final quotation of the supplier who submitted the final quotation by using the comprehensive scoring method.

　　Comprehensive scoring method refers to the evaluation method that the response documents meet all the substantive requirements of the consultation documents and the supplier with the highest score is the candidate supplier for the transaction according to the quantitative indicators of the evaluation factors.

　　Twenty-fourth comprehensive evaluation criteria in the score setting should be corresponding to the quantitative indicators of evaluation factors. The evaluation criteria not specified in the consultation document shall not be used as the basis for evaluation.

　　During the review, each member of the consultative group shall independently evaluate and score each effective response document, and then summarize the scores of each scoring factor of each supplier.

　　According to the comprehensive scoring method, the price score of goods accounts for 30% to 60% of the total score, and the price score of services accounts for 10% to 30% of the total score. If there are different procurement objects in the procurement project, the procurement object with the highest proportion of project funds shall determine its project attributes. In line with the provisions of the third paragraph of Article 3 of these Measures and the implementation of unified price standards, the price of the project is not listed as a scoring factor. There are special circumstances that need to set the price distribution weight outside the above-mentioned provisions, which shall be approved by the financial department of the people’s government at the corresponding level.

　　The price score in the comprehensive scoring method is calculated by the low price priority method, that is, the price of the supplier who meets the requirements of the negotiation documents and finally offers the lowest price is the negotiation benchmark price, and its price score is full marks. The prices of other suppliers are calculated in accordance with the following formula:

　　Negotiation quotation score = (negotiation benchmark price/final negotiation quotation) × price weight ×100

　　In the process of project review, the highest and lowest quotations in the final quotation shall not be removed.

　　Article 25 The consultative group shall, according to the comprehensive scores, recommend more than three candidate suppliers for the transaction in the order of the evaluation scores from high to low, and prepare the evaluation report. In accordance with the third paragraph of article twenty-first of these measures, two candidate suppliers can be recommended. If the evaluation scores are the same, it shall be recommended according to the order of the final quotation from low to high. If the evaluation score is the same and the final quotation is the same, it shall be recommended in the order of technical indicators.

　　Article 26 The review report shall include the following main contents:

　　(a) the specific ways and relevant information of inviting suppliers to participate in procurement activities;

　　(two) the date and place of opening the response document;

　　(3) A list of suppliers who have obtained the consultation documents and a list of members of the consultation group;

　　(4) Records and explanations of the review, including the qualification review of suppliers, the review of suppliers’ response documents, consultations, quotations, etc.;

　　(5) The ranking list of the proposed candidate suppliers for the transaction and the reasons.

　　Twenty-seventh review report shall be signed by all the members of the consultative group. If the members of the consultative group disagree with the review report, the consultative group will recommend the candidate suppliers for the transaction according to the principle that the minority is subordinate to the majority, and the procurement procedure will continue. Members of the consultative group who have objections to the review report shall sign different opinions on the report and explain the reasons, and the consultative group shall record the relevant information in writing. If the members of the consultative group refuse to sign the report and do not explain their different opinions and reasons in writing, they shall be deemed to have agreed to review the report.

　　Twenty-eighth procurement agencies shall, within 2 working days after the end of the review, send the review report to the purchaser for confirmation.

　　The purchaser shall, within 5 working days after receiving the evaluation report, determine the transaction supplier from the candidate suppliers proposed in the evaluation report according to the principle of ranking from high to low, or authorize the consultation group to directly determine the transaction supplier in writing. If the purchaser fails to determine the supplier of the transaction within the time limit and does not raise any objection, it shall be deemed that the supplier ranked first in the evaluation report is determined as the supplier of the transaction.

　　Article 29 The purchaser or procurement agency shall, within 2 working days after the supplier is confirmed, announce the transaction result on the government procurement information release media designated by the financial department at or above the provincial level, and issue a transaction notice to the supplier at the same time, and announce the negotiation documents together with the transaction result. The announcement of the transaction result shall include the following contents:

　　(a) the name, address and contact information of the purchaser and the procurement agency;

　　(2) Project name and project number;

　　(three) the name, address and transaction amount of the supplier;

　　(four) the name, specifications, quantity, unit price and service requirements of the main transaction targets;

　　(5) List of members of the Consultative Group.

　　If a supplier is recommended in writing to participate in procurement activities, the recommendation opinions of the purchaser and the evaluation experts shall also be announced.

　　Article 30 The purchaser and the supplier shall, within 30 days from the date of issuing the notice of transaction, sign the government procurement contract according to the contract text determined in the consultation document, as well as the procurement subject matter, specifications and models, purchase amount, purchase quantity, technology and service requirements.

　　The purchaser shall not put forward any requirements beyond the negotiation documents to the supplier as a condition for signing the contract, and shall not conclude an agreement with the supplier that deviates from the contract text determined in the negotiation documents and the substantive contents such as the procurement target, specifications, purchase amount, purchase quantity, technology and service requirements.

　　Article 31 The purchaser or procurement agency shall return the negotiation deposit of the supplier in time after the procurement activities, except that it cannot be returned in time due to the supplier’s own reasons. The negotiation deposit of unsuccessful suppliers shall be returned within 5 working days after the transaction notice is issued, and the negotiation deposit of successful suppliers shall be returned within 5 working days after the signing of the procurement contract.

　　In any of the following circumstances, the negotiation deposit will not be refunded:

　　(1) The supplier withdraws the response documents after the deadline for submitting the response documents;

　　(2) The supplier provides false materials in the response document;

　　(3) The supplier fails to sign a contract with the purchaser, except for cases recognized by force majeure or negotiation documents;

　　(four) suppliers and purchasers, other suppliers or procurement agencies in bad faith;

　　(5) Other circumstances stipulated in the consultation document.

　　Article 32 The purchaser or procurement agency shall not organize re-evaluation for any reason, except that the qualification inspection finds errors, the scores are calculated incorrectly, the sub-items are beyond the scope of scoring standards, the objective scores are inconsistent, and the scores are unanimously determined by the consultation group to be abnormally high or abnormally low. If the purchaser or procurement agency finds that the consultative group has not conducted the review according to the review criteria stipulated in the consultation document, it shall re-launch the procurement activities and report to the financial department at the same level in writing.

　　The purchaser or procurement agency shall not change the evaluation results by testing samples or inspecting suppliers.

　　Article 33 Where a supplier refuses to sign a government procurement contract, the purchaser may determine other suppliers as the supplier and sign a government procurement contract according to the principle stipulated in the second paragraph of Article 28 of these Measures, or may resume procurement activities. The supplier who refuses to sign the government procurement contract shall not participate in the procurement activities of the project.

　　Article 34 Under any of the following circumstances, the purchaser or procurement agency shall terminate the competitive negotiation procurement activities, issue a project termination announcement and explain the reasons, and resume the procurement activities:

　　(a) due to changes in circumstances, it no longer meets the requirements of the application of competitive negotiation procurement methods;

　　(two) there are violations of laws and regulations that affect the procurement justice;

　　(3) Except for the circumstances specified in the third paragraph of Article 21 of these Measures, there are less than three suppliers who meet the requirements in the procurement process or whose quotations do not exceed the procurement budget.

　　Article 35 If the procurement task is cancelled due to major changes in the procurement activities, the purchaser or procurement agency shall terminate the procurement activities, notify all suppliers participating in the procurement activities, and report the project implementation and the reasons for canceling the procurement task to the financial department at the same level.

　　Chapter III Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 36 If there are other provisions in the relevant legal system on the competitive negotiation and procurement of government and social capital cooperation projects, those provisions shall prevail.

　　Thirty-seventh the term "competent budget unit" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the state organs, institutions and organizations responsible for compiling departmental budgets and reporting budgets to the financial departments at the same level.

　　Article 38 These Measures shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

[Global Network Comprehensive Report] On January 17, a press conference was held at the National Health and Wellness Commission to introduce the health-related situation of seasonal solar terms. How to judge whether it is the flu or the common cold? Do I have to go to the hospital after I get the flu? Won’t you get the flu if you’ve been vaccinated against the flu? In response to these questions, the participating experts gave authoritative answers.

When cold symptoms appear, how to judge whether it is flu or common cold?

Li Dong, the chief physician of Beijing You ‘an Hospital, once said that when we have symptoms, we can initially analyze whether it is influenza or common cold from the epidemiological history and symptoms.

In the history of epidemiology, in the winter and spring when influenza is high, if you have high fever, cough, sore throat, muscle aches, fatigue and other symptoms after close contact with influenza cases, it is probably influenza. The common cold generally has no clear source of infection.

From the symptoms, the flu symptoms are more severe, and the onset is urgent, accompanied by systemic symptoms such as high fever, headache, muscle aches and special fatigue above 38.5℃. The common cold is usually low or moderate fever, or even no fever. The symptoms are mainly nasal congestion, runny nose and sneezing, which are relatively mild.

Do I have to go to the hospital after I get the flu?

Li Dong once said that for flu patients, those with mild symptoms can be isolated at home, and antipyretic and analgesic drugs and expectorant and antitussive drugs can generally recover in about 7 days. If you have high fever above 39℃ and the antipyretic drugs are not effective during home isolation, or you have severe symptoms such as severe cough, shortness of breath, chest tightness and breath-holding, as well as severe headache, frequent vomiting, confusion, etc., or the symptoms have not eased for more than 5 days, it is recommended to seek medical advice in time.

What are the precautions for home rehabilitation?

Li Dong once said that adequate rest is conducive to recovery. It is not recommended to go to work, go to school, visit relatives and friends or attend parties when sick, and avoid receiving visiting relatives and friends during illness to reduce the risk of infection. When resting at home, those who can afford it should stay in a separate room, those who can’t should try to keep their distance from their families, open more windows for ventilation, and wear masks when contacting their families. Cover your nose and mouth with paper towels or elbows when sneezing or coughing. Throw the used paper towels into the covered trash can immediately and wash your hands in time.

Li Dong once reminded that the elderly, pregnant women, children, immunocompromised people and moderately obese people are high-risk people with severe influenza. Once they get the flu, it is recommended to treat them as soon as possible under the guidance of a doctor. During the period of rest and isolation at home, we should pay attention to rational drug use and avoid abusing antibiotics, because antibiotics are ineffective against virus infection.

How to effectively prevent influenza?

Wang Dayan, a researcher at the Institute of Viral Disease Prevention and Control of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that the most effective and economical way to prevent influenza is to vaccinate against influenza, which can significantly reduce the risk of morbidity and serious complications. Although vaccination is recommended before the influenza epidemic season, as long as individuals are not infected, vaccination can prevent influenza, alleviate symptoms, shorten the course of disease, and significantly reduce the risk of developing into severe illness and death.

"However, getting the flu vaccine doesn’t mean that you won’t get the flu at all." Wang Dayan said that the flu vaccine only targets the flu virus and has no protective effect on other pathogens of acute respiratory infections. After vaccination, it usually takes some time to produce enough antibodies to achieve the protective effect, so even after vaccination, protective measures still need to be taken.

In addition, Wang Dayan reminded that after the recovery of acute respiratory infections such as influenza and pneumonia, influenza vaccination can prevent influenza and other types of influenza. During the epidemic season, people who have not been vaccinated in time, especially the elderly, infants, patients with chronic diseases and their families living together, should be vaccinated as soon as possible, and early vaccination will benefit early.

Won’t you get the flu if you’ve been vaccinated against the flu?

Li Dong once said that people who are still infected with influenza virus after being vaccinated do, but compared with those who have not been vaccinated, the risk of being infected with influenza virus is significantly reduced, and the symptoms of influenza after infection are relatively mild and the risk of severe illness is lower. For example, there can be no high fever, only low fever or no fever, and the cough lasts for a short time, so you can recover faster.

Li Dong once suggested that those who have not been vaccinated against influenza this year and have not been infected with influenza yet should be vaccinated as soon as possible. People who have been infected with influenza virus can have some immunity to the subtype of influenza virus infected this time, and it is very unlikely that they will be infected with the same subtype again in a short period of time, but there is no protection for other influenza strains. At present, more than 99% of the influenza strains prevalent in China are H1N1 subtype of influenza A, which can be protected after infection, but influenza vaccines are usually trivalent or tetravalent vaccines. If you vaccinate after infection, you can also obtain the protection of influenza A H3N2 strain and influenza B strain. So even if you have had the flu once, you can gain resistance to the other two strains after vaccination.

How to use drugs scientifically for influenza patients?

Recently, mabaloxavir and oseltamivir, two influenza drugs, have attracted more attention on the Internet. Li Dong once said that at present, only mabaloxavir is approved for the treatment of influenza in China, but it has not been approved for post-exposure prevention. Pay attention to the following points when using mabaloxavir to treat influenza:

Use as soon as possible: antiviral drugs should be used as soon as possible, and mabaloxavir suggests using them within 48 hours of onset to achieve the best effect.

Applicable people: Mabaloxavir is currently only approved for antiviral treatment for people aged 5 years and above. Oseltamivir should be used in the treatment of influenza in children under 5 years old. For pregnant women and lactating women, it is suggested to choose oseltamivir for antiviral treatment because of the lack of data on the use of mabaloxavir.

Drug interaction: Mabaloxavir may interact with other drugs when used together. If you need to use this drug, be sure to inform your doctor about other drugs you are using (including over-the-counter drugs and health care products) to avoid potential drug interactions.

Pay attention to allergic reaction: If you have allergic symptoms such as rash, itching, dyspnea or other serious discomfort during the use of mabaloxavir, you should stop taking the drug immediately and seek medical attention.

Li Dong once reminded that one or two "star drugs" should not be relied too much when treating influenza. Scientific use of symptomatic drugs and adequate rest are conducive to faster recovery.

How do the elderly cope with the flu challenge?

Li Jing, the chief physician of Beijing Hospital, said that the physical resistance of the elderly is weaker than that of the young people, and the flu symptoms may be more serious, such as a long duration of fever, which may easily lead to complications such as pneumonia and respiratory failure, and the recovery rate of the disease is slow. Daily protection is very important. Influenza is a respiratory infectious disease. Older people should wear masks when going out, and try to avoid shopping malls, markets and other crowded places with poor air circulation. At the same time, we should pay attention to increasing or decreasing clothes according to the weather changes to keep warm and cold. Always ventilate at home to keep the air fresh.

Li Jing said that if the elderly are infected with flu and have mild symptoms (such as sore throat, cough, runny nose, etc.), they can rest at home first, drink more water, eat light food, keep their stools unobstructed, and use drugs appropriately to relieve symptoms. However, once there are serious symptoms such as persistent high fever, a lot of thick sputum, dyspnea and listlessness, you should go to the hospital immediately to avoid delaying your illness. When taking care of the elderly with influenza, family members should also pay attention to avoid cross-infection. Besides washing your hands frequently, you should try to wear a mask when you are in contact with the elderly.

November 24, 2004 Caizong [2004] No.87

Relevant departments of the CPC Central Committee, ministries and commissions of the State Council, directly affiliated institutions, finance departments (bureaus) of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, development and reform commissions and price bureaus:
　　In order to fully implement the Administrative Licensing Law and promote administration according to law, in accordance with the Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Outline of Comprehensively Promoting Administration according to Law (Guo Fa [2004] No.10), the Implementation Opinions of General Office of the State Council on Implementing the Implementation Outline of Comprehensively Promoting Administration according to Law (Guo Fa [2004] No.24) and the State Council’s Decision on the Third Batch of Cancellation and Adjustment of Administrative Examination and Approval Items (Guo Fa [2004]) As well as the relevant provisions of the Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance on Clearing up the Charges of Administrative Organs and Institutions (No.1196 [2004] of the Development and Reform Commission), we have comprehensively cleaned up the national and central departments and units’ administrative examination and approval (including administrative licensing, the same below) and decided to announce the cancellation of 103 administrative examination and approval and other charging items. The relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:
　　First, the following 84 items have been approved by the Ministry of Finance and the National Development and Reform Commission (including the former State Planning Commission and the former State Price Bureau), but the administrative examination and approval fees that do not meet the provisions of laws and administrative regulations shall be announced for cancellation.
　　(1) Public security departments
　　1 border management area pass fee
　　2 border residents entry and exit permit fee
　　3. The cost of the foreigner’s settlement identity confirmation form
　　4. Work fee for the ship’s work permit
　　5 Taiwan Province compatriots travel certificate fee.
　　6. driver’s license annual inspection fee
　　7. Handling fees for major and extraordinarily serious traffic accidents
　　8. Fee for holding a gun license for official use
　　9. Cost of civil firearms holding license
　　10 explosive storage license fee
　　11 explosives use license fee
　　12. Fee for explosives purchase certificate
　　13 explosives transport license fee
　　14. The demolition work permit fee
　　(B) development and reform (coal) sector
　　15. Cost of coal business qualification certificate
　　(3) Food and drug supervision departments
　　16 new biological products approval fee (incorporated into the new drug approval fee)
　　17. Registration fee for export license of special chemicals
　　18 drug packaging materials, container production enterprise license review fee
　　(IV) Agricultural sector
　　19 export pesticide approval fee
　　20. Application for examination and approval fee for pesticide test
　　21. Soil and fertilizer testing fee
　　22. Registration fee for fertilizer, soil conditioner and plant growth regulator (including registration certificate fee)
　　23. Regional test fee for crop varieties
　　(5) Industrial and commercial departments
　　24 "trademark registration certificate" verification fee
　　(6) Information industry departments
　　25. Radio registration fee (including fees charged by other departments)
　　26 basic telecommunications business license fee
　　27 trans regional value-added telecommunications business license fee
　　28 value-added telecommunications business license fee
　　(VII) Science and Technology Department
　　29. Technology contract registration fee
　　30 science and technology award evaluation fee (including other departments)
　　(8) Department of land and resources
　　31. Examination and approval fee for geological survey report
　　32 construction land approval fee
　　(9) Surveying and mapping departments
　　33 surveying and mapping work permit fee
　　34. Surveying and mapping qualification fee
　　(10) Department of tobacco monopoly
　　35 tobacco monopoly license (including production, wholesale, retail, temporary) charges
　　(11) Zhongzhi Administration Bureau
　　36. Evaluation fee for scientific research and production units of commercial password products
　　37. Annual fee for licensed sales of commercial password products
　　(twelve) personnel and other departments belong to the talent flow center.
　　38. Political examination fee for going abroad
　　(13) Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense
　　39. Licensing fees for nuclear materials
　　(14) People’s Bank of China
　　40. Charge for loan card
　　(fifteen) the competent department of production safety (coal)
　　41 dangerous chemicals business license fee
　　42. Fee for special operators’ operation certificate (IC card)
　　43 township coal mine safety production conditions certificate fee
　　(16) Judicial department
　　44. Fee for lawyer’s practice license
　　45 grass-roots legal service workers practicing license fee
　　46. Notary’s practice certificate fee
　　47 law firm practice license fee
　　(17) Press and publication department
　　48 newspaper publishing license fee
　　49. Press card fee
　　(XVIII) Cultural departments
　　50. Performance license fee
　　(XIX) Forestry Department
　　51. Timber transport license fee
　　52 timber cutting license fee
　　53 domestication and breeding license fee
　　54. Fee for special hunting and catching license
　　55 hunting license fee
　　(twenty) population and family planning departments.
　　56 "floating population marriage certificate" fee
　　(twenty-one) civil aviation management department
　　57. Business license fee
　　58 civil aviation safety inspection license fee
　　59. Safety inspection instrument use certificate fee
　　(XXII) Railway departments
　　60 liquefied gas railway tank car (tank) transport license fee
　　(XXIII) Construction Department
　　61. Certified architect certificate fee
　　62. Certificate fee for registered structural engineer
　　63. Certificate fee for registered town planners
　　64. Certificate fee for real estate appraisers
　　65 real estate agent registration certificate fee
　　66. Cost engineer certificate fee
　　67. Supervision engineer certificate fee
　　68 engineering survey and design qualification certification fees
　　69 construction enterprise qualification examination certificate fee
　　70. Construction supervision certificate (including supervision engineer certificate and supervision unit certificate) fee
　　71 city planning qualification certificate fee
　　(twenty-four) labor and social security departments
　　72 wage fund management manual fee
　　(twenty-five) education department
　　73 at their own expense to study abroad intermediary service institutions qualification certificate fee
　　(XXVI) Department of Transportation
　　74. Fee for work permit on water and underwater.
　　(27) China Securities Regulatory Commission.
　　75. Issuance audit fee
　　(28) General Administration of Customs
　　76 customs supervision fees for duty-free goods
　　77. Customs supervision fees for goods in export supervised warehouses
　　78. Tax refund (customs clearance) fee for imported goods
　　79. The vehicle takes up the inspection fee for overtime.
　　80. Vehicle inspection fee
　　(XXIX) Health department
　　81 private medical institutions management fees
　　(30) Port administrative departments (local governments)
　　82. Port management (construction) fee
　　(31) Quality inspection and quarantine department
　　83 cotton quality inspector registration certificate fee
　　(32) Intellectual property department
　　84 intellectual property training center school funding
　　Two, the following seven administrative examination and approval fees have been approved by the Ministry of Finance and the National Development and Reform Commission (including the former State Planning Commission and the former State Price Bureau), with the third batch of administrative examination and approval items cancelled in the State Council.
　　(a) the public security (production safety) department
　　1 explosives (including fireworks) safety production license fee
　　2 explosives (including fireworks) sales license fee
　　(2) The financial department
　　3. Examination fees for registered accountants to perform securities and futures-related businesses.
　　(III) Agricultural sector
　　4 veterinary drug preparation license fee
　　(4) Commercial departments
　　5. Fee for import certificate of specific mechanical and electrical products
　　6 mechanical and electrical products import quota certificate fee
　　(5) General Administration of Customs
　　7. Registration fee for customs declaration unit
　　　 Three, the following 12 administrative examination and approval fees, belonging to the relevant departments ultra vires approval fees, to be announced to cancel.
　　(1) People’s Bank of China
　　1 mechanical and electrical products import registration form fee
　　(2) Department of transportation
　　2 "water transport license" fee
　　3. Cost of building fire protection certificate
　　4. Fire control construction permit fee
　　5. Fire control audit fee
　　6 explosives management certificate fee
　　(3) Tourism sector
　　7. Fee for star report of tourist hotel
　　8 travel agency business license fee
　　9. Travel agency to declare technical report fee
　　10. Fee for the list of overseas travel teams
　　11 outbound tour guide card fee
　　12 tour guide qualification certificate fee
　　Four, the above fees, in addition to the cancellation of the third batch of administrative examination and approval items in the State Council, the fees approved by the relevant departments beyond their authority shall be corrected immediately, and other fees shall be cancelled as of January 1, 2005. Relevant collecting departments and units shall, in accordance with the regulations, go through the cancellation procedures of the License for Charges at the competent price department that originally issued the License for Charges, and go through the cancellation procedures of the bills at the financial department that originally issued the bills for charges. Before January 1, 2005, the balance of relevant funds for charges shall be paid in full to the state treasury or financial accounts in strict accordance with the channels originally prescribed by the financial department. Where the provisions of relevant documents in the past are inconsistent with this notice, the provisions of this notice shall prevail.
　　Five, after the cancellation of the above fees, the relevant departments and units in accordance with laws, administrative regulations and the provisions of the State Council to perform the functions of administrative examination and approval or the issuance of licenses required funds, by the financial department at the same level through the departmental budget or approved by the financial department charged channels to be guaranteed. The financial departments at all levels shall ensure that the relevant departments and units shall perform the expenses required for administrative examination and approval according to law.
　　Six, all regions and relevant departments should be strictly in accordance with the provisions of this notice and the development and reform price [2004] No.1196 document, conscientiously implement the announced cancellation of fees and charges, and before the end of January 2005, the region, the department to implement the cancellation of fees and charges, the amount involved and other reports to the Ministry of Finance, the National Development and Reform Commission for the record.

　　CC: General Office of the State Council, offices of the Financial Ombudsman of the Ministry of Finance in all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities under separate state planning.

Special feature of 1905 film network The 2024 Spring Festival movie, which set a total box office record, has come to an end, but films such as the Spring Festival movie still perform steadily in the movie market. Solid quality and good reputation have made the four films show a gratifying long tail effect at the box office, among which "Article 20" came from behind and has led the single-day box office list and the movie attendance list for ten consecutive days as of the evening of the 28th.

Spring is getting warmer, and March is coming, and the movie market activated by the Spring Festival file will also usher in a new lineup. Nearly 30 films "get together" are scheduled for March, with diverse types and stars. More than 20 domestic films continue to flourish, including those that have been shown in the near future, and those that have been well received during the Spring Festival. When they are not shown, they have triggered a very hot new film, which will also welcome the inspection of the audience.

Competing with them on the same stage, there are also many imported foreign films that sell well. At the beginning of the month, it was re-released and (the first film) was warmed up, and the week of big IP blessing was new, and there were countless overseas awards and "the first real-life film of mankind" shocked. Who will win the first prize in the "Spring Mountain" in March?

March screen multi-line outing

The new domestic film shakes the sun brilliantly.

Action suspense, youthful love, absurd comedy, dramatic life … … Diversified theme content and different types of characteristics are the outstanding features of the new films made in China in March.

As a guest film channel "Today’s Film Review", film critic and producer Fujii Shu described these new films as "rich, diverse, light and agile". Taking the Spring Festival outing route as a metaphor, she divided the "movie-watching route" in March into four parts — — You Lost by Me and Viva La Vida form a romantic leisure line, Brilliant She and Chasing the Moon form a warm parent-child line, while Zhou Chu eliminates three evils, plays and kills and opens up a hard-core adventure line, waiting for a bosom friend on a small hiking line.

Hot Movie Promotion (in chronological order)

Eliminating three evils in Zhou Chu

Director and screenwriter:

Starring:,,,,

Release date: March 1.

Synopsis: Chen Guilin (Ehan Juan), a wanted criminal, is dying, only to find that he is only ranked third on the wanted list. He is determined to find out the whereabouts of the first two wanted criminals and get rid of them one by one … …

Aspect: The film ingeniously uses the allusions of "Eliminating Three Harms at Zhouchu" in The Book of Jin and Shi Shuo Xin Yu, and discusses the reaction of "greed and ignorance" from the absurd perspective of self-rescue, which can not only provide a sense of genre film, but also have a strong social warning significance. With the early screening, its Douban film score rose to 8.4 points, and the action scenes and cult plots in the film won online praise. Ehan Juan’s appearance and performance were rated as "handsome to a new height" when he performed the drama of "Return of the Prodigal Son".

Play killing

Director and screenwriter:

Starring:,,,,, Niu Xinxin, Feng Xinyao

Release date: March 2

Synopsis: A generation of famous actresses who fell in love with the country were killed by dark guns! On the first seven nights, private detectives (Jia Bing) are flying all over the sky and many suspects are hijacked in a theater. Known as "crazy", the mysterious flower face band surrounded them, forcing Inspector Man to find out the real murderer within four hours … …

Aspect: Whether the story of "script killing" can reach the previous height remains to be tested by the audience. The comic meaning introduced by comedians such as Jia Bing may bring different miraculous effects to this genre.

A stranger’s knife

Director:

Screenwriter: Tommy

Starring:,, Xia Meng,, Liu Hua

Release date: March 2

Synopsis: There was chaos in the world, and the King of Qi usurped power, secretly killing the heir of the Prince. Tian Anye (Max Zhang), a charcoal seller, was inadvertently involved in this game. In a life-and-death struggle, the secret of Tian Anye and the truth of the martyrdom of the people in Liangcheng in those days were also revealed … …

Aspect: As a rare martial arts action movie in the cinema, an unremarkable movie promoted in advance may bring surprises. The audience who are familiar with Max Zhang’s modern action drama will also enjoy a different kung fu feast in this costume movie.

You lost by me

Director:

Screenwriter:

Starring:,,,

Release date: March 8

Synopsis: The boy Bai Xiaoyu (JC-T) and the girl Wang Jinjin (Zhang Jingyi) meet for the first time in the college entrance examination, and Bai Xiaoyu loses Wang Jinjin for the first time in the vast sea of people. Four years later, they met again unexpectedly and fell in love. In 2018, after knowing each other for eight years and loving each other for five years, they stood in front of the marriage and hesitated, but they fell in love but could not escape the heavy fetters of reality. Will Bai Xiaoyu lose Wang Jinjin again?

Aspect: The film is adapted from the popular novel Wang Jinjin, which I lost twice, and was personally adapted by the original author Zheng Zhi. After 15 years, JC-T returned to the screen. What kind of spark will he have with Zhang Jingyi, the spokesman of youth pain, as the leading actor in the film for the first time?

Chasing the moon

Director and screenwriter:

Starring:

Release date: March 8

Synopsis: Teacher Qi (Caifei He), a famous Shaoxing opera actress, became famous all over the country with a movie Chasing the Moon when she was young. After many years of success, she suddenly returned home and wanted to reunite with her family. The abandoned eldest son, Qiu Sheng (Yuan Wenkang), and the youngest son, Xia Sheng, are hard to get close to her, and an unexpected event gradually reveals the secret truth of the past … …

Aspect: Caifei He won the Best Actress Award in the 36th Chinese Film Golden Rooster Award, and her heartfelt acceptance speech was quickly "out of the circle", which triggered a phenomenal discussion on the whole network. In addition to Caifei He’s award-winning performance of "Don’t be crazy, don’t survive", the film text comes from the novel Past, which won the eighth Lu Xun Literature Award. The combination of strong literariness and Yue Opera, a traditional Chinese opera form, is also expected.

Brilliant her

Director:

Screenwriter: Zhang Li

Starring:,,,

Release date: March 15th.

Synopsis: The kind and tolerant grandmother (played by Kara Wai) meets her granddaughter (played by Liu Haocun) who was accidentally lost 12 years ago. The grandparents and grandchildren are estranged and close to each other, and their secrets are gradually revealed … …

Aspect: Kara Wai and Liu Haocun are partners for the first time, and the performance presented in the preview is full of emotions and moving. In addition, the film also focuses on social hot topics such as campus bullying, and how to observe it in depth is worth looking forward to.

Viva La Vida.

Director:

Screenwriters: Han Yan, Wang Xiaoai and Yang Fuzhi

Starring:,,,, Liu Dan,

Release date: March 30th.

Synopsis: "Mindless" Lu Tu (Peng Yuchang) meets "Unhappy" Ling Min (Li Gengxi), two seriously ill young people with different personalities. Because of the agreement of "relay for life", they mistakenly embarked on a healing journey full of love and strength.

Aspect: The film is the final chapter of the trilogy of life directed by Han Yan. Despite withdrawing from this year’s Spring Festival due to "wrong schedule selection" and other reasons, the film still gained a high reputation during the screening period, and the performances starring two young people were widely praised.

Galaxy writer

Director:,

Screenwriter: Ice Shan, Li Kuo,

Starring:,,, Li Wenru

Release date: March 30th.

Synopsis: Zhang Yiyi (Song Muzi) and Sun Tan (He Wenjun), two small screenwriters with dreams, wrote the original screenplay "Seven Seconds Man" that they thought could go down in history. With the help of a group of friends, they searched for employers and producers, tried to put the film on the big screen, and started a journey of "finding dreams" that was ironic.

Aspect: At the 17th FIRST Youth Film Exhibition, the film won two awards, which were praised by many people in the industry and recommended by "tap water". The film, praised as "The Screenwriter’s Picture Book of Survival" and "The Enlightenment of Contemporary Migrant Workers’ Survival", may gain more bosom friends among young literary fans.

Big IP, see you next week

The foreign film market is full of flowers.

The upsurge of Chinese films brought by the Spring Festival stalls has injected vitality into the film market in 2024. As spring approaches, more overseas imported films join the film market.

According to Jin Yuxuan, a teacher of China Communication University who is a guest on the film channel "Today’s Film Review", the "March" of the relay Spring Festival file gives the audience greater freedom of choice, which provides great opportunities for importing foreign films, and some of them are released at the same time overseas, which deserves attention.

Marvel Comics, Dune, Kung Fu Panda, Godzilla, King Kong and other big IP leaders settled in the March film list, and the Palme d ‘Or award works and "Space Reality Shooting" movies hit hard, which attracted new expectations on the week.

Hot Movie Promotion (in chronological order)

Mrs. Spider: Super Sensory Awakening

Director:

Starring:, Sydney sweeney, celeste O ‘Connor, Isabella Merced,

Producer country: USA

Release date: March 1.

Synopsis: Cathy (Mrs Spider, Dakota Johnson), an emergency nurse, discovers that she can predict the future by accident. In the process of exploring the origin of her ability, she is closely linked with the fate of three spider women. Faced with the pursuit of Ezekiel, the villain "poisonous spider", Mrs. Spider tried to find out the reason … …

Aspect: Mrs. Spider is the most mysterious female superhero in Marvel comics. For Marvel Comics, whose reputation is declining, can the "new" hero on the screen save the decline?

Dune 2

Director:

Starring:,,, Florence Pew

Producer country: USA, Canada

Release date: March 8

Synopsis: Paul E. Cui Di (Timothée Chalamet) joins forces with Cheney (Zendaya) and freeman people to embark on the road of revenge against the conspirators who caused the destruction of his family. When faced with the choice between the love of his life and the fate of the known universe, he must try to stop the terrible future that only he can foresee.

Aspect: Continuing the previous film, the film will continue to explore the legendary journey of the dune world. At present, the film has been praised by overseas authoritative film review websites beyond its previous work. Director Villeneuve will also come to China during the film promotion period. Are you looking forward to it?

Challenge

Director:

Starring:

Producer country: Russia

Release date: March 15th.

Synopsis: An astronaut can’t return to Earth for treatment due to sudden illness, and he will die if he is not treated in time. At the same time, his life is of great significance to the country. A female surgeon was urgently sent to the universe to operate on this astronaut. The difficulties and challenges she will face far exceed her career and cognition. This is the longest "journey adventure" in her career and even her life. She bid farewell to her daughter and mother and embarked on this unknown journey. ……

Aspect: The film is known as "the first real-life film made by human beings in space", and it is worth paying attention to whether the film-history stunt can really be transformed into excellent quality.

Kung fu panda 4

Director:,

English dubbing: Jack Black,,,,

Chinese dubbing:,,

Producer country: USA, China.

Release date: March 22nd.

Synopsis: When the Dragon Warrior Po returns again, he will be forced to practice advanced by Master. A series of brand-new and strongest villains, the Phantom of the Demon, appeared on the stage, and mysteriously she can be transformed into every Po’s former enemy. This time, Po has met new partners such as Xiaozhen, and will start this adventure together.

Aspect: After eight years’ violation, the classic IP is coming again, and the new Kung Fu journey of Panda Po should not be missed. For the audience in China, the voice "performances" of Bo Huang, Yang Mi and Rulu are also worth going into the cinema to enjoy.

The trial of falling

Directed by Justin Tarie.

Screenwriters: Justin Tarie and Arthur Harari.

Starring:,, Milo machado Graner,

Producer country: France

Release date: March 29th.

Synopsis: Sandra (sandra wheeler), her husband Samuel and her visually impaired son Daniel live in a cottage in a remote mountain area with ice and snow. One day, Samuel was found dead after falling from a building outside his house. The police launched an investigation into the suspected murder, and Sandra was charged under uncertain circumstances. Is this suicide or murder? A year later, Daniel took part in the trial of his mother … …

Aspect: The film won the highest prize in Cannes Film Festival last year — — The Palme d ‘Or Award, and continues to harvest various film awards around the world, and the momentum continues to this day. Different from conventional suspense films and court films, the film deeply examines the real face of marriage and family life through these shells, with progressive emotions and subtle lens language, highlighting the pioneering expression of today’s world films on practical issues.

Godzilla vs king kong 2: The Rise of the Empire

Director:

Starring:

Producer country: USA

Release date: March 29th.

Synopsis: After the last monster high-burning battle, King Kong and Godzilla will once again join hands to fight against a huge threat lurking in the world, and gradually explore the origin of these behemoths and the mysteries of Skull Island and other places. At the same time, the veil of the ancient war will also be revealed, and it was that battle that created these extraordinary creatures and profoundly affected the fate of the human world.

Aspect: Can the sequel visually continue the shock of the previous work? In the story, will there be an upgrade without pulling the crotch? We’ll see at the cinema.

Conrad Murray had tears in his eyes during the trial.


The day before Jackson’s death and the day after his death

Jackson’s photo, which was exposed at the trial, also said "murder" in English.

　　On September 27th, local time in Los Angeles, the case of Conrad Murray, Michael Jackson’s personal doctor, accused of manslaughter was heard again in the Los Angeles High Court. Jackson’s parents and family members appeared in court, and a large number of media and fans were waiting at the gate of the court.

　　During the trial, the prosecutor played a final recording of Jackson’s life, which was recorded by Murray. He talked about the concert he was going to hold at that time in a slow voice, and still wanted to build a children’s hospital with the proceeds of the performance. The vague tone of Jackson in the recording was accused by the prosecutor of being evidence of Murray’s "serious dereliction of duty". In addition, the prosecutor also carefully analyzed the pictures before Jackson’s death from every angle, including the pictures of the day before his death, the pictures at home on the day of his death, and the recordings and pictures before Jackson’s death exposed this time, which surprised and shocked the world.

　　Prosecutors believe that Jackson’s slow tone in this recording shows that he had taken an anesthetic at that time, which shows that Murray knew the powerful side effects of propofol, which is probably the cause of Jackson’s death. However, after Murray injected Jackson with anesthetic, he didn’t have suitable equipment to monitor the situation after taking the drug, and he didn’t tell other doctors about his medication to Jackson. Moreover, when he found that Jackson was not well, he called "911" 24 minutes later. The prosecutor said that this was Murray’s "serious dereliction of duty" and led to Jackson’s death.

　　After this recording was exposed on the Internet, many netizens even called it "shocking", indicating that it sounded "creepy". The chief prosecutor told the jury that what Murray, a private doctor, had done was tantamount to "medical abandonment". Prosecutors said that the relationship between Jackson and Murray was that of employers and employees, not that of patients and doctors. "Murray didn’t give Jackson the treatment he deserved. He abandoned Jackson."

　　In the evidence-giving stage, the first person to testify in court was Ortega, the director of Jackson’s concert "this is it". Ortega said that Dr. Murray had assured him of Jackson’s health. Ortega also said that Jackson told himself to spend more time on concerts and leave them to fans. He also hoped to take this opportunity to let everyone go to "heal the world" and take good care of the earth and people around him.　

A large number of fans gathered outside the court.

Conrad Murray wipes his tears

[field restore]

　　Conrad Murray claimed that Jackson stopped breathing at 11 am on June 25, 2009. However, according to the telephone records at the scene, it was not until 12: 21 that someone called 911. Jackson’s former bodyguard testified that on the day of Jackson’s death, Murray asked himself to call 911 after collecting the medicine. Medical staff and emergency room doctors testified that they thought Jackson died in his own bedroom before being taken to the hospital. Murray insisted on rescuing Jackson until he was sent to the hospital. The medical staff also said that Murray did not tell them that he had injected propofol into Jackson. At the same time, Murray’s cell phone records show that he spoke by phone before and after giving Jackson propofol and sedatives.

[Case Review]

　　On June 26, 2009, Jackson died, and the chief coroner of Los Angeles announced his cause of death in Houston court, saying that he was killed by injection of propofol, a powerful anesthetic, and it was a homicide.

　　On February 12, 2010, Jackson’s personal doctor Conrad Murray was arraigned by a local court in Los Angeles, but in the end, the judge found Murray not guilty of manslaughter, and Jackson’s family said they would appeal.

　　After a six-day pre-trial hearing on January 12, 2011, the judge of the Los Angeles High Court finally decided that Murray would be prosecuted again for manslaughter and revoked Murray’s medical license in the state, but Murray himself did not plead guilty.

　　On January 25th, 2011, Murray was formally charged with manslaughter.

　　On September 9, 2011, the jury selection for Jackson’s personal doctor’s manslaughter case began.　

More live pictures on the next page

　　At present, China’s agricultural and rural economic development has entered the best historical period, and grain production has achieved "11 consecutive increases", which has been stable at more than 1.2 trillion Jin for two consecutive years. At the same time, it has made great achievements and paid a huge price. The string of resource utilization is getting tighter and tighter, and the carrying capacity of the ecological environment is getting closer and closer to the limit. Facing the double "curse" of resource conditions and ecological environment, it is urgent to change the mode of agricultural development, strengthen the control of agricultural non-point source pollution, effectively promote the protection and control of agricultural ecological environment and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.

　　First, scientific graspAgricultural non-point source pollution situation, and effectively enhance the sense of urgency and responsibility of agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control work.

　　The first national pollution survey showed that in 2007, the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen and total phosphorus emissions from agricultural sources in China reached 13.2 million tons, 2.7 million tons and 280,000 tons respectively, accounting for 43.7%, 57.2% and 67.4% of the total national emissions respectively. Among them, livestock and poultry breeding sources account for 96% of agricultural source COD, and are the main "contributors" of agricultural non-point source pollution. Agricultural chemicals such as livestock and poultry, aquaculture, chemical fertilizers, pesticides and agricultural films are the main sources of pollution. Different from industrial point source pollution directly entering the water body through centralized sewage outlets, agricultural non-point source is decentralized, and its pollution process is not a simple direct causal relationship from agricultural production behavior to discharge, and finally to environmental impact. The research shows that 35% of nitrogen in farmland chemical fertilizer in China is utilized by crops in the current season, and most of the rest is retained in farmland soil, and a small amount flows into ditches, and finally less than 5% enters the surface water body through runoff. Therefore, although the total amount of agricultural source pollutants discharged in China is relatively high, the amount that actually enters the water body is still very limited.

　　At present, the situation of agricultural non-point source pollution is generally grim, but there are also some particularities, which require us to make careful judgments and make precise policies.

　　First, the intensive degree of aquaculture is getting higher and higher. Due to the low resource utilization rate of livestock manure and other wastes, pollution emissions are on the rise.In recent years, the total amount of livestock and poultry breeding in China has been increasing. In 2013, the number of live pigs slaughtered in China exceeded 700 million. At the same time, the scale and intensification have developed rapidly, and the proportion of large-scale breeding of more than 500 pigs per year has reached 40.8%. At the same time, the construction of livestock waste treatment facilities is relatively backward, and a large amount of livestock manure is difficult to be treated and utilized in time, which makes livestock waste change from traditional farmyard manure to pollutants. In addition, the scale of aquaculture in China is also expanding rapidly. In 1978, the total amount of aquatic products was 4.654 million tons, of which artificial aquaculture accounted for 26.1%. In 2013, the total amount of aquatic products reached 61.72 million tons, accounting for 73.6%. A large number of bait and fish medicine were put into aquaculture, which caused water pollution.

　　Second, the amount of chemical fertilizer used in the main grain crops is basically reasonable, and the phenomenon of excessive application of economic crops such as vegetables and melons is more prominent. On the whole, the growth rate of chemical fertilizer consumption is declining, but the amount of chemical fertilizer input is still too large.In 2013, the amount of chemical fertilizer used in China was 59.12 million tons, accounting for 35% of the world. Based on 2.03 billion mu of cultivated land, the average amount of chemical fertilizer used per unit area reached 436.8 kg/ha, which was far higher than the world average. It is worth pointing out that at present, the average amount of nitrogen fertilizer used in China’s main grain crops is about 212 kg/ha, which is lower than the upper limit of environmental safety (the upper limit of safety set by developed countries for preventing water pollution is 225 kg/ha), but the average amount of nitrogen fertilizer used in fruit trees and vegetables is far higher than the environmental safety requirements, and the phenomenon of excessive application of chemical fertilizers in orchards and protected vegetables is still prominent.

　　Third, the use of pesticides per unit area is higher than the world average, but lower than that of developed countries such as the United States. The overall usage tends to be stable, but the utilization rate is low.In recent years, the amount of pesticides used in China has stabilized at about 320,000 tons (active ingredients), accounting for 1/7 of the total amount of pesticides used in the world, which is higher than the proportion of China’s land area to the world’s cultivated land area, which is related to the high land multiple cropping index in China. Generally speaking, China’s pesticide consumption per unit area is higher than the world average, but lower than that of developed countries such as the United States, Israel and Japan. On the other hand, at present, the utilization rate of pesticides in China is low, only 35%. Residual pesticides enter water bodies through precipitation, surface runoff and soil infiltration, which will lead to the deterioration of soil and water environment quality, destroy ecology and affect biodiversity.

　　Fourth, the recovery rate of plastic film is low, and the problem of residual old agricultural film still needs to be solved.China’s total use of plastic film and crop coverage area rank first in the world. In 2013, the consumption of agricultural film in China was 2.493 million tons. Due to the extensive use of ultra-thin plastic film and the lack of recycling technology and mechanism of residual film, the "white revolution" gradually evolved into "white pollution", and the problem of residual pollution of farmland plastic film became increasingly prominent. Plastic film residue is serious, affecting soil structure and reducing cultivated land quality; Affect the emergence of seedlings, resulting in reduced production; Affect the operation of agricultural machinery, resulting in a decline in the quality of sowing and fertilization; Livestock eating by mistake occurs constantly, which is harmful to livestock health.

　　Fifth, the comprehensive utilization rate of crop straw is low, and the recycling capacity needs to be improved urgently.Crop straw is a versatile agricultural resource. It is estimated that in 2013, the total output and collectable amount of straw in China were 964 million tons and 819 million tons, respectively. The actual utilization amount was about 622 million tons, and the comprehensive utilization rate was only 76%. With the change of agricultural energy structure, the proportion of crop straw in domestic energy is less and less. The way out for excess straw is: firstly, burning on the spot will cause air pollution, reduce atmospheric visibility, hinder traffic and endanger human health; Second, abandoned fields or piled into rivers or lakes, after weathering, rain and decay, the organic matter in straw enters the water body and causes pollution.

　　Generally speaking, with the continuous improvement of agricultural intensification and the rapid development of aquaculture in China, the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution caused by excessive use of agricultural inputs such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides and unreasonable disposal of agricultural wastes such as livestock manure, crop straws and farmland plastic film residue has become increasingly prominent, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of agriculture and rural economy. Therefore, strengthening the control of agricultural non-point source pollution is a realistic need to ensure the safety of agricultural products, realize China’s food security and quality safety of agricultural products, and is an internal need to improve the agricultural ecological environment, accelerate the transformation of agricultural development mode and realize the sustainable development of agriculture. We must scientifically grasp the increasingly serious situation of agricultural non-point source pollution, deeply understand the great significance of strengthening the control of agricultural non-point source pollution, and earnestly enhance the sense of urgency and responsibility in our work.

　　Two, the agricultural ecological environment protection and governance work has made positive progress, laying a solid foundation for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution.

　　Agricultural non-point source pollution in China is a long-term accumulation, which has its particularity and complexity. It can’t be completely solved overnight, and it needs a long period of unremitting efforts. In recent years, while ensuring the development of agriculture, agricultural departments at all levels have continuously increased the protection and governance of agricultural ecological environment, initially established a team of agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control and expert support teams, and gradually established and improved the policy system, exploring and forming a number of practical technologies and typical models, which have laid a good foundation for the fight against agricultural non-point source pollution.

　　First, the construction of the system team has been continuously strengthened.A four-level agricultural environmental protection management system has been formed, with two state-level main stations as the leader, 33 agricultural environmental protection stations in provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities under separate state planning as the main body, and 326 prefecture-level stations and 1794 county-level stations as the basis, which provides a team system guarantee for agricultural ecological environment monitoring and prevention and control.

　　Second, the monitoring and early warning capabilities have been continuously improved.A national agricultural non-point source pollution monitoring network has been initially established, and the normal and institutionalized operation of agricultural non-point source pollution monitoring has been continuously promoted; A four-level cultivated land quality monitoring network at the national, provincial, municipal and county levels has been established, and an annual report on national cultivated land quality monitoring has been issued; An environmental monitoring network system covering China’s offshore bays, islands and reefs, beaches, nature reserves, aquatic germplasm conservation zone and aquaculture waters has been initially formed, and the Bulletin on Fishery Ecological Environment in China has been issued regularly. A national monitoring network for pollution of agricultural products was established to carry out heavy metal pollution investigation in the producing areas.

　　Third, vigorously promote the scientific application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.Comprehensively popularize the technology of soil testing and formula fertilization, with the promotion area reaching 1.4 billion mu; In-depth implementation of green prevention and control, the establishment of 150 national green prevention and control demonstration zones, the gradual elimination of 33 kinds of highly toxic pesticides, and vigorously promote the use of high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue and biological pesticides; Carry out the integration of specialized unified prevention and control of crop pests and diseases with green prevention and control, promote pilot construction, and establish 218 demonstration bases; At the beginning of 2015, the Action Plan for Zero Growth of Fertilizer and Pesticide Use by 2020 was issued, and the zero growth of fertilizer and pesticide use was initiated.

　　Fourth, actively promote pollution prevention and control of livestock and poultry breeding.Accelerate the standardization of livestock and poultry breeding, create 3,397 standardized demonstration sites, and effectively improve the level of pollution prevention and control of livestock and poultry breeding; Start the pilot project of comprehensive utilization of livestock and poultry waste; Develop rural biogas projects according to local conditions and improve the sewage treatment capacity of rural farming manure.

　　The fifth is to carry out comprehensive utilization of straw in depth.Implement the comprehensive utilization project of straw, focusing on supporting Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and other areas to carry out straw returning to the field, raising livestock, straw biogas, straw replacing wood, straw carbonization and other work; We will start the construction of a demonstration area for full quantitative utilization of straw at the township level in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and accelerate the scale and industrialization of straw utilization.

　　Sixth, efforts should be made to solve the pollution of farmland residual film.Revise the standard of plastic film to solve the problem that residual film is easy to break and difficult to recycle; For four consecutive years, the agricultural cleaner production demonstration project focusing on the recycling of waste plastic film was implemented, and the plastic film recycling and processing system was initially established; Arrange subsidies for dry farming technology such as plastic film mulching in northwest and north China to promote the popularization and application of high-standard plastic film; The comparative test of degradable plastic film was started, and the degradable plastic film with good application effect was screened for demonstration and popularization.

　　Seventh, work together to promote the demonstration construction of comprehensive management of agricultural environment.A typical driving system of modern eco-circular agriculture has been formed, which consists of 1 eco-circular agricultural pilot province, 10 circular agricultural demonstration cities, 283 national modern agricultural demonstration zones, 1,100 beautiful countryside and several eco-agricultural demonstration bases. In key river basins and important water source protection areas, we will implement the construction of demonstration zones for the comprehensive prevention and control of livestock and poultry breeding wastes and agricultural nitrogen and phosphorus pollution, and actively explore effective mechanisms for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in river basins.

　　To sum up, in recent years, the positive results of agricultural ecological environment protection and governance, as well as the continuous improvement of agricultural production and income and rural development, have made us more qualified, capable and confident to fight the tough battle of agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control.

　　Three, to "one control, two reduction and three basics" as the key task, to fight the battle against agricultural non-point source pollution.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader and other central leading comrades have repeatedly made important instructions on the protection and governance of agricultural ecological environment. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that agricultural development should not only put an end to the new debts owed by the ecological environment, but also gradually pay back the old debts, and fight a tough battle for agricultural non-point source pollution control. Premier Li Keqiang proposed that the deterioration of resources and environment should be resolutely suppressed and the overdrawn resources and environment should be rehabilitated. In order to implement a series of deployment requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, at the beginning of this year, the Ministry of Agriculture, together with relevant departments, successively issued the National Agricultural Sustainable Development Plan (2015-2030), the Agricultural Prominent Environmental Problems Control Plan (2015-2018) and the Implementation Opinions of the Ministry of Agriculture on Fighting the Fight against Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution. Recently, a national on-the-spot meeting on accelerating the transformation of agricultural development mode and a national conference on the protection and governance of agricultural ecological environment have been held in Sichuan, which is an important meeting with milestone significance in the development process of modern agriculture in China. The promulgation of these documents and the convening of the conference have fully deployed and mobilized the protection and governance of agricultural ecological environment. At present, the most important task is to focus on the goal of "one control, two reductions and three basics" and fight a tough battle against agricultural non-point source pollution.

　　First, vigorously develop water-saving agriculture.Facing the severe situation of increasingly scarce water resources, it is necessary to increase efforts to develop water-saving agriculture. By strengthening the demonstration of water-saving agriculture, actively promoting water-saving varieties, integration of water and fertilizer, circulating aquaculture and other technologies, the utilization efficiency of water resources will be improved in an all-round way. Actively promote the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price. Coordinate the promotion of water ecological protection and management in river basins, and actively carry out the construction of demonstration zones for comprehensive prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in key river basins such as Taihu Lake, Erhai Lake, Chaohu Lake and Three Gorges Reservoir Area. By 2020, the national agricultural irrigation water consumption will be controlled within 372 billion cubic meters, and the effective utilization coefficient of farmland irrigation water will reach 0.55.

　　The second is to implement the zero growth action of chemical fertilizers.The key to reducing fertilizer application is to establish the concept of green yield increase, vigorously promote scientific fertilization, improve the accuracy and utilization rate of fertilizer use, and encourage farmers to use more green manure and farmyard manure. The key point is to expand the application scope of soil testing and formula fertilization, and promote the formula fertilizer to enter the village and enter the field. At the same time, it is necessary to actively promote the research and development and promotion of new fertilizer products, and integrate and promote high-efficiency fertilization technologies such as simultaneous sowing of seeds and fertilizers and deep application of fertilizers. It is necessary to combine the construction of high-standard farmland, vigorously carry out the action of protecting and improving the quality of cultivated land, study and use subsidies to encourage and guide farmers to promote straw returning, planting green manure, accumulating farmyard manure and increasing the application of organic manure, rationally adjust the fertilization structure, and strive to improve the internal quality of cultivated land. Strive to achieve more than 90% coverage of soil testing and formula fertilization technology, more than 40% utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, and zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizers for major crops in China by 2020.

　　The third is to implement the zero growth action of pesticides.Adhere to comprehensive management, treat both the symptoms and the root causes, and realize scientific and accurate drug application. Strengthen the management of pesticide use, strengthen source management, and standardize farmers’ use of pesticides. Fully implement the fixed-point management of highly toxic pesticides and establish a traceability system for highly toxic pesticides. We will implement pilot projects for the use of low-toxic and low-residue pesticides, gradually expand the scope of subsidy projects, and accelerate the popularization and application of biological pesticides and high-efficiency, low-toxic and low-residue pesticides. Encourage agricultural socialized service organizations to provide guidance and services for farmers to use pesticides, and vigorously promote the integration of specialized unified prevention and control and green prevention and control. Ensure that by 2020, the coverage rate of green prevention and control of major crop pests and diseases will reach more than 30%, the utilization rate of pesticides will reach more than 40%, and the use of pesticides for major crops in China will achieve zero growth.

　　The fourth is to promote the prevention and control of aquaculture pollution.Overall consideration of environmental carrying capacity and pollution prevention requirements of livestock and poultry breeding, scientific planning and layout of livestock and poultry breeding. Promote standardized scale farming, supporting the construction of treatment and utilization facilities, improve facility farming technology, improve technical and equipment conditions, and encourage and support the implementation of household collection and centralized treatment of livestock and poultry manure in densely populated areas. Strengthen the construction of demonstration farms for healthy aquaculture, and popularize aquaculture technologies such as industrialized circulating aquaculture, pond ecological circulating aquaculture and bottom sewage of large-surface cage aquaculture. By 2020, more than 75% of large-scale livestock and poultry farms (districts) will build supporting facilities for waste storage, treatment and utilization.

　　Fifth, efforts should be made to solve the residual film pollution in farmland.Accelerate the revision of mulching film standards, strictly stipulate the thickness and tensile strength of mulching film, prohibit the production and use of substandard mulching film, and ensure that the residual mulching film in farmland can be recycled from the source. Increase financial support for technical subsidies for dry farming. Carry out regional demonstration of farmland residual film recycling, support the construction of plastic film recycling outlets and waste plastic film processing capacity, gradually improve the recycling network, and innovate the plastic film recycling and reuse mechanism. Accelerate the research and development of eco-friendly degradable plastic film and plastic film residue picking and processing machinery, and establish and improve the evaluation system of degradable plastic film. Ensure that by 2020, the recovery rate of agricultural film will reach more than 80% in the current season.

　　Sixth, carry out in-depth utilization of straw resources.According to the idea of "policy support, demonstration and guidance, focusing on agriculture, industrial development and market operation", we will promote the full utilization of straw "five materials" according to local conditions. It is necessary to further support the demonstration of new technologies such as straw harvesting machinery returning to the field, green and yellow storage for feed, microbial decay and solidification carbonization gasification, and study and introduce policies and measures such as enjoying the price of agricultural electricity for straw primary processing, incorporating storage and storage land into agricultural land management and credit support. Accelerate the establishment of a market-oriented mechanism for straw storage and transportation, reduce the cost of storage and transportation, and promote the scale and industrialization of comprehensive utilization of straw. In the key areas of air pollution, start the construction of demonstration counties for comprehensive utilization of straw, and fundamentally solve the problem of open burning of straw. Achieve the goal that the comprehensive utilization rate of straw will reach over 85% by 2020.

　　Agricultural non-point source pollution control is a tough battle and a protracted war. We need to base ourselves on the present and focus on the long-term. We should focus on five "enhancements" and five "enhancements", strengthen top-level design, increase planning and implementation, strengthen legal promotion, increase supervision and law enforcement, strengthen financial security, increase social participation, strengthen monitoring and early warning, increase scientific and technological support, strengthen policy creation, increase supervision and assessment, and take multiple measures to ensure implementation.

Bulletin of the Seventh National Population Census in Yueyang [1] (No.1)

-population situation of the whole city

Yueyang statistics bureau

Yueyang No.7 Ci National Population Census Leading Team Office

June 21, 2021

According to the Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Regulations on National Census and the decision of the State Council, China conducted the seventh national census at 0: 00 on November 1, 2020 [2]. Under the strong leadership of the municipal party committee and the municipal government, with the support and cooperation of all census objects, and through the hard work of census institutions at all levels and the vast number of census staff, the census site registration and the summary of census main data were successfully completed. The main data of the city are now published as follows:

I. Permanent population

The resident population of the city [3] is 5,051,922, which is 424,162, a decrease of 7.75% compared with 5,476,084 in the sixth national census in 2010.

Second, other people’s families

There are 1,693,071 family households and 57,633 collective households in the city, with a family population of 4,666,924 and a collective population of 384,998. The average population of each household is 2.76, which is 0.61 less than the sixth national census in 2010.

Note and release:

[1] The data in this bulletin are preliminary summary data.

[2] The objects of census registration refer to natural persons who are in People’s Republic of China (PRC) and China citizens who are outside People’s Republic of China (PRC) but have not settled, excluding overseas personnel who stay in People’s Republic of China (PRC) for a short time.

[3] The permanent population includes people who live in the streets of this township and whose household registration is in the streets of this township or whose household registration is to be determined; People who live in the township streets and leave the township streets where their registered permanent residence is located for more than half a year; People with registered permanent residence in the streets of this township who have been out for less than half a year or have worked and studied abroad.

[4] A household refers to a household composed of people who are mainly family members and live together.

Bulletin of the Seventh National Population Census in Yueyang [1] (No.2)

-Population situation in counties and urban areas

Yueyang statistics bureau

Yueyang No.7 Ci National Population Census Leading Team Office

June 21, 2021

According to the results of the seventh national census, the permanent population of 9 counties and cities in Yueyang City at 0: 00 on November 1, 2020 is now announced as follows:

Among the 9 counties and cities, there are 6 counties and cities with a population of 500,000 to 1 million, namely Yueyanglou District, Pingjiang County, Miluo City, Xiangyin County, Yueyang County and Huarong County; There are two counties and cities between 200,000 and 500,000 people, namely Linxiang City and Junshan District; There is one in the counties and cities with less than 200,000 people, which is Yunxi District. Among them, the top three counties and cities have a total of 2563759 people, accounting for 50.75% of the city’s permanent population. The population of urban area [3] is 1335692, accounting for 26.44%.

Table 2-1 Resident Population in Counties and Urban Areas [4]

                                                                                                                                                                     Unit: person,%

Notes:

[1] The data in this bulletin are preliminary summary data.

[2] refers to the proportion of the permanent population of counties and urban areas in the city’s permanent population.

[3] Urban areas refer to Yueyang Tower District, Yunxi District and Junshan District.

[4] Some data are not equal to the total of sub-items due to rounding.

Bulletin of the Seventh National Population Census in Yueyang [1] (No.3)

-Gender composition of the population

Yueyang statistics bureau

Yueyang No.7 Ci National Population Census Leading Team Office

June 21, 2021

According to the results of the seventh national census, the gender composition of permanent residents in 9 counties and cities of Yueyang City at 0: 00 on November 1, 2020 is now announced as follows:

First, the gender composition of the city’s population

Among the permanent residents in the city, the male population is 2586621, accounting for 51.20%; The female population is 2465301, accounting for 48.80%. The sex ratio of the total population (100 females, the ratio of males to females) is 104.92, which is 2.27 lower than the sixth national census in 2010.

Second, the gender composition of the population in counties and cities

Among the nine counties and cities, Yueyanglou District with the lowest sex ratio is 101.32, and Yunxi District with the highest sex ratio is 110.70.

Table 3-1 Gender Composition of Population in Counties and Cities

                                                                                                                                                                                   Unit:%

Notes:

[1] The data in this bulletin are preliminary summary data.

Bulletin of the Seventh National Population Census in Yueyang [1] (No.4)

-age composition of the population

Yueyang statistics bureau

Yueyang No.7 Ci National Population Census Leading Team Office

June 21, 2021

According to the results of the seventh national census, the age composition of permanent residents in 9 counties and cities of Yueyang City at 0: 00 on November 1, 2020 is now announced as follows:

First, the age composition of the city’s population

Among the permanent residents in the city, the population aged 0-14 is 932382, accounting for 18.46%; The population aged 15-59 is 3,095,500, accounting for 61.27%; The population aged 60 and above is 1024040, accounting for 20.27%; The population aged 65 and above is 757,815, accounting for 15.00%. Compared with the sixth national census in 2010, the proportion of population aged 0-14 increased by 2.44 percentage points, the proportion of population aged 15-59 decreased by 8.83 percentage points, the proportion of population aged 60 and over increased by 6.39 percentage points, and the proportion of population aged 65 and over increased by 5.88 percentage points.

Table 4-1 Age Composition of Population in the City

                                                                                                                                                              Unit: person,%

Second, the age composition of the population in counties and cities

In terms of counties and cities, there is one population aged 15-59 who accounts for more than 65%, four between 60% and 65%, and four between 55% and 60%.

Table 4-2 Population Age Composition of Counties and Urban Areas [2]

                                                                                                                                                                           Unit:%

fill
Interpretation:

[1]
The data in this bulletin are preliminary summary data.

[2]
Due to rounding, some data are not equal to the total of sub-items.

Bulletin of the Seventh National Population Census in Yueyang [1] (No.5)

-Education of the population

Yueyang statistics bureau

Yueyang No.7 Ci National Population Census Leading Team Office

June 21, 2021

According to the results of the seventh national census, the basic situation of education of permanent residents in 9 counties and cities of Yueyang City at 0: 00 on November 1, 2020 is now announced as follows:

I. Population with education level

Among the permanent residents in the city, 489,592 people have a college education. The population with high school (including technical secondary school) education is 1295391; The population with junior high school education is 1684658; The population with primary school education is 1,134,573 (the above-mentioned people with various education levels include graduates, dropouts and students in various schools). Compared with the sixth national census in 2010, the number of people with university education per 100,000 people increased from 6,852 to 9,691; The number of people with high school education has increased from 22,977 to 25,642; The number of people with junior high school education dropped from 38,325 to 33,347; The number of people with primary school education dropped from 23,343 to 22,458.

Table 5-1 Number of people with various education levels per 100,000 population in counties and urban areas

                                                                                                                                                              Unit: person/100,000 people

Second, the average length of education [2]

Compared with the sixth national census in 2010, among the permanent residents in the city, the average years of education of the population aged 15 and above increased from 9.58 to 10.06. Among the 9 counties and cities, 3 have an average education period of more than 10 years, and 6 have a period of 9 to 10 years.

Table 5-2 Average years of education of population aged 15 and above in counties and urban areas

                                                                                                                                                                     Unit: year

Iii. illiterate population

Among the permanent residents in the city, the illiterate population (illiterate people aged 15 and above) is 64,181. Compared with the sixth national census in 2010, the illiterate population has decreased by 32,414, and the illiteracy rate [3] has dropped from 1.76% to 1.27%, a decrease of 0.49 percentage points.

Notes:

[1] The data in this bulletin are preliminary summary data.

[2] The average length of education is calculated by converting various education levels into the average number of years of education. The specific conversion criteria are: primary school =6 years, junior high school =9 years, high school =12 years, and junior college and above =16 years.

[3] The illiteracy rate refers to the proportion of illiterate people aged 15 and above in the permanent population.

　　Convene a conference on the compilation of flora and fauna in China
　　　　China Fauna and Flora is a national basic scientific data, which comprehensively and systematically summarizes the species, distribution, systematic relationship and economic significance of China’s organisms, and provides basic data for the exploration and utilization of national biological resources and related construction, scientific research and teaching work. The national flora and fauna is one of the symbols reflecting the development level of a country’s biological science. Many countries in the world attach great importance to compiling national flora and fauna. In 1959 and 1963, China Academy of Sciences established the Editorial Committee of Flora of China and Fauna of China, and organized relevant biologists inside and outside the Academy to compile the Fauna and Flora of China.
　　With the approval of the State Council, the conference on the compilation of flora and fauna of China hosted by China Academy of Sciences was held in Guangzhou from February 29th to March 7th, 1973. Attending the meeting were 181 representatives from relevant scientific research units, universities, science and technology management departments, cultural, educational and health units in 26 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. This meeting discussed some principles of compiling flora and fauna, such as: compiling flora and fauna should be improved on the basis of popularization, and it should be strict and scientific, reflecting the level of China; We should not only ensure quality, but also strive for speed, so as not to affect quality because of greed and quickness, and also avoid delaying time because of unrealistic requirements for quality; In the deployment of work, it is necessary to prioritize, and concentrate as much as possible on the flora and fauna that are closely related to the economy, important in the scientific sense and rich in information, and prepare them first to ensure completion; Correctly handle the relationship between the compilation of China flora and fauna and local flora and fauna, and pay attention to giving full play to the enthusiasm of the central and local governments.
　　At the meeting, the editorial boards of Flora of China and Fauna of China were adjusted and enriched, and the editorial board of Spore Flora of China was established. These three editorial boards are led by the Institute of Botany, the Institute of Zoology and the Institute of Microbiology of China Academy of Sciences respectively. The meeting drew up the compilation plans (drafts) of Fauna of China, Flora of China and Flora of Spore of China. These drafts will be implemented as formal plans after obtaining the consent of relevant competent departments and units undertaking tasks.
　　Reprints of China Science and Science Bulletin
　　China Science and Science Bulletin, comprehensive natural science journals sponsored by China Academy of Sciences, were suspended for seven years after the Cultural Revolution. At the strong demand of the majority of scientific workers, it was reissued in February this year and publicly issued at home and abroad.
　　The editorial board appointed by the Academy of Sciences is responsible for editing the reissue of China Science, which is divided into Chinese and foreign languages. It publishes papers that study natural science theories and summarize production struggles and scientific experiments; Papers from different schools of natural science and articles on major scientific and technological achievements. On February 17th, the Academy of Sciences informed the Science Bulletin that there would be no editorial board, and the editorial board of China Science would be responsible for it. It publishes scientific and technological research achievements, academic trends and some critical articles. In the historical environment at that time, the two publications had to compile and distribute some political articles. The first issue of Science Bulletin was published in July.
　　By September this year, there were more than 30 kinds of journals and intermediate academic journals that stopped publishing in 1966.
　　Establishment of theoretical system of bulk fluidization in chemical metallurgy
　　The theoretical system of bulk fluidization in chemical metallurgy was put forward by Guo Musun, a researcher at the Institute of Chemical Metallurgy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in his article "Bulk Fluidization in Chemical Metallurgy". This paper was published in the third issue of China Science in 1973, and was read out at the first Iranian chemical engineering conference in May of that year.
　　Fluidization refers to the state that solid particles are suspended under the action of fluid, and the particle group at this time is similar to fluid. Generally speaking, fluidization can be divided into two categories: scattered fluidization and aggregated fluidization. The granular materials in the fluidized bed are evenly dispersed and smoothly fluidized, which is called loose fluidization. Usually, liquid-solid systems form bulk fluidization. Fluidization technology has been used in industry for decades and is a mature technology. However, due to the complexity of the movement law of particles and fluids, the complex factors of chemical reaction and reactor, and the fluidization technology itself involves many disciplines such as multiphase fluid mechanics, chemical reaction engineering, particle science and statistics, etc. Although scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of theoretical research work and accumulated a lot, there is no completely unified theory to describe it, and there is also a lack of methods for reactor scale-up and design, so the design scale-up of industrial fluidized reactors is still based on experience.
　　Guo Musun’s paper points out the characteristics of a completely uniform ideal fluidization system and explains some concise parameter relations in this ideal fluidization. This theory can be used as a useful tool to analyze many practical fluidization engineering problems, clarify the relationship and operation mechanism of various operating variables, explain some practical phenomena, and have enlightenment significance for the design method and development direction of fluidization technology. On the basis of summarizing predecessors’ work, Guo Musun grasped the characteristics of uniform and stable liquid-solid bulk fluidization, put forward the theory of bulk fluidization, and formed an independent and complete theoretical system, which was a breakthrough in the basic theoretical research of fluidization and applied it in practice. This research achievement won the second prize of the National Natural Science Award in 1982.
　　The science and technology group of the State Council Science and Education Group was merged into the Academy of Sciences.
　　On August 11th, the State Council Science and Education Group and China Academy of Sciences issued a joint notice to all localities and departments, and China Academy of Sciences was responsible for organizing the formulation of long-term scientific and technological plans and annual plans for civil use, the allocation of three scientific and technological expenses and corresponding materials, and the coordination and inspection of plans. On August 24th, the office meeting of China Academy of Sciences decided that the agency responsible for this work should be the Science and Technology Office of China Academy of Sciences.
　　After the merger of the State Science and Technology Commission and China Academy of Sciences on July 1, 1970, China Academy of Sciences set up the first business group (also known as business group 1) to take charge of the work of the former State Science and Technology Commission. After the National Conference on Education in July 1971, the State Council decided to set up a science and education group to take charge of the work of the former State Science and Technology Commission and the Ministry of Education. Li Siguang is the team leader, and Liu Xiyao and Chi Qun are the deputy team leaders. After Li Siguang’s death in 1971, Liu Xiyao took over as the leader of the State Council Science and Education Group.
　　In July and August, 1972, the Science and Education Group and the Academy of Sciences agreed that the national science and technology management work should be centralized by the Science and Education Group of the State Council, and the business personnel of the comprehensive plan and scientific experiment dynamic group of the first business group of the Academy of Sciences were transferred to the Science and Education Group to form a science and technology group. In May, 1973, the Science and Education Group asked Premier the State Council and Premier Zhou Enlai for instructions, and thought that the China Academy of Sciences, which is in charge of scientific and technological work in various departments and localities of the national economy, has great limitations, so it is difficult to do a good job and it is easy to attend to one thing and lose sight of another. It is suggested that the scientific and technological work in the production and construction of various departments and localities of the national economy should be planned and coordinated by the State Planning Commission. Medical and health science and technology work is still centralized by the Ministry of Health. The report also puts forward specific suggestions on the tasks and responsibilities of the State Council Science and Education Group in science and technology. The State Council did not reply to the report. However, after the establishment of the Science and Education Group, Premier Zhou Enlai repeatedly suggested that the Science and Education Group should not have more staff, and the scientific and technological work should rely on the China Academy of Sciences.
　　In August, 1973, the members of the Science and Technology Group of the State Council Science and Education Group withdrew to China Academy of Sciences, and continued to be responsible for the management of national science and technology work in the name of the Office of Science and Technology. This situation was maintained until the reconstruction of the State Science and Technology Commission.
　　Complete the determination of 1.8 angstrom pig insulin crystal structure.
　　In August, the Beijing insulin crystal structure research group, composed of the Institute of Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Biophysics and relevant personnel from Peking University, completed the determination of the crystal structure of 1.8 angstrom pig insulin.
　　The determination of insulin crystal structure began in June 1967. Insulin is a biological hormone, and it is the smallest protein. The biological activity of protein is not only related to its chemical structure (generally called primary structure), but also closely related to its spatial structure (generally called three-dimensional structure). The purpose of determining the crystal structure of insulin is to determine the relative position and relationship of each atom of insulin molecule in three-dimensional space, which can provide an important basis for further studying the mechanism of its biological activity and exploring the relationship between its structure and function. The work of the research group includes: the cultivation of insulin single crystal, the preparation of heavy atom derivatives, the collection and processing of X- ray diffraction data, the calculation of phase angle of structural factors, the analysis and interpretation of electron density diagram, the establishment of structural model and other steps. On the basis of measuring the resolution of 4 angstrom and 2.5 angstrom in September 1970 and January 1971, the measurement of the resolution of 1.8 angstrom was completed in August this year. The research on the determination of the crystal structure of porcine insulin won the second prize of the National Natural Science in 1982.
　　Like the synthetic yeast alanine transfer ribonucleic acid, the research on the determination of the crystal structure of porcine insulin was successful in the Cultural Revolution, thanks to the support of Vice Premier Nie Rongzhen.
　　The initial-boundary value difference method and the mathematical basis of flow calculation are put forward
　　Since 1960, the Computational Mathematics Laboratory has been undertaking the research on aerodynamic and aerothermal numerical methods of missiles and satellites, and has provided a large amount of data for the entrusting department. By the mid-1960s, Zhu Youlan and others put forward a set of systematic and high-precision calculation methods based on the theory of separation singularity and characteristics-the difference method for initial-boundary value problems and inviscid flow, and in 1973 gave the mathematical basis of the methods.
　　This method has high accuracy. At that time, because of the equipment embargo, it was impossible to import large-capacity and ultra-high-speed computers, and the aerodynamic force and flow field of aircraft could be well calculated by using the computer developed by China. Not only the shape of the blunt cone can be accurately calculated, but also the shape and flow field of the blunt cone-column-skirt combination can be accurately calculated. It has provided the results of flow field data for the first recoverable satellite in China, and contributed to the safe and accurate return of the satellite to the ground. Users praised this method for giving a set of numerical methods for initial-boundary value problems of hyperbolic equations, which achieved high accuracy and were more perfect, more careful and more unique than similar works abroad. In 1982, this achievement won the third prize of the National Natural Science Award.
　　Model 655 computer was successfully trial-produced.
　　In 1964, IBM Corporation of the United States announced the successful development of the IBM360 integrated circuit computer system, which opened the curtain of the third generation computer, and this trend attracted the attention of computer technology experts in China. The following year, East China Computing Institute began to develop 655 integrated circuit computers. The required integrated circuits are trial-produced by Shanghai Metallurgical Institute and relevant semiconductor factories in Shanghai. The machine was successfully trial-produced in 1973, with an operation speed of 1 million times per second and a memory capacity of 128,000 words. At that time, it was the fastest integrated circuit computer with the largest memory capacity in China.
　　This computer, together with Model 013 integrated circuit computer with a computing speed of 2 million times per second, which was developed in 1976, jointly undertook a large number of computing tasks in the development of atomic bombs, missiles and artificial satellites after the 109 C computer.

Distribution map of Giant Panda National Park

Nowadays, the giant panda has become a business card for Sichuan’s foreign exchanges.

On September 29th, 2019 China (Sichuan) Giant Panda International Eco-tourism Festival opened.

As one of the "Three Ninth National Congress", the giant panda not only represents the achievements of Sichuan’s ecological civilization construction, but also brings together Sichuan’s regional culture and characteristics.

Standing at a new starting point, we look back on our past achievements and look forward to the future development.

Since the French missionary David discovered and named the giant panda in 1869, the giant panda has gradually become a business card for Sichuan and even China.

As an endemic species in China, the wild population of giant pandas is only distributed in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces, and the active area is less than 0.3% of the national territory. Since 2017, in order to protect this 0.3%, Sichuan, as the lead province, has comprehensively piloted the national park system and constantly explored higher levels and better protection. A national park where giant pandas live and work in peace and contentment and give full play to the role of umbrella protection is striding forward.

Stand firm in one direction

State-owned, shared by the whole people and passed down from generation to generation, realizing authenticity and integrity protection.

This is the expectation of the whole society for Sichuan-to build a national park, protect the authenticity and integrity of the natural ecosystem and leave a natural heritage for future generations. To this end, we must adhere to the national park owned by the state, shared by the whole people and passed down from generation to generation.

This is an unavoidable fact-the survival of some minimal populations is not optimistic, and the protection mechanism needs to be improved. Therefore, it is necessary to protect the authenticity and integrity of the giant panda habitat and truly "protect the places that should be protected the most".

How to protect the last home of the giant panda and how to protect it, which only accounts for 0.3% of China’s land area?

Sichuan’s thinking has never stopped. As early as more than 20 years ago, some cities (States))And the forestry department launched an initiative to build national parks and explore a higher-level protected land model.

Subsequently, the initiative was gradually transformed into reality. In 2013, with the help of the reconstruction after the "4.20" Lushan earthquake, the provincial party committee and government incorporated the "Ya ‘an Giant Panda Park Construction" into the relevant planning. From 2014 to the beginning of 2016, Sichuan began preliminary exploration in Chengdu, Mianyang and Ya ‘an. It was in 2016 that local exploration finally rose to a national strategy. At the end of this year, the Central Committee deliberated and passed the "Pilot Program of Giant Panda National Park System" to clarify the main responsibilities of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces.

Behind the main responsibility is Sichuan’s unique advantages in resources, technology and talents. From a realistic point of view, the area of giant panda habitat in Sichuan is 20177 square kilometers, accounting for 74.36% of the whole country; There are 1205 wild populations of giant pandas in Sichuan, accounting for more than 70% of the national total; Sichuan has gathered most of the research resources of giant pandas in China, accumulated the richest protection experience and built the most perfect protected area system.

Subject responsibility is not only honor, but also responsibility and pressure.

Looking at China, there is no experience to learn from the national park system pilot. How to combine the deployment of the central government with the reality of Sichuan and make Sichuan contributions to national parks?

Looking at itself, Sichuan is divided into seven cities (states))There are 63 protected areas in China, with diverse land use, complex ownership of natural resources and common overlapping of institutional functions. At the same time, habitat fragmentation, difficult coordination between protection and development, scattered and overlapping institutions, insufficient scientific and technological support and service capacity still exist.

Under the current pressure, Sichuan answered loudly: be brave in taking responsibility, push at a high level, and make solid progress. In the month when the central government issued the pilot program, the provincial party committee and government held a special meeting to study and deploy related work. Subsequently, a high-standard pilot work promotion leading group was set up. Starting from the top-level design, Sichuan clearly marked the national park pilot ideas, methods and objectives-

There are rules and regulations to lock in the core of protecting the wild population and habitat of giant pandas, innovate the management system and mechanism of ecological protection, integrate cross-regional and cross-departmental management resources, explore the management mode of national parks with China characteristics, and build national parks with global influence.

The five pilot tasks-strengthening biodiversity protection with giant pandas as the core, innovating ecological protection management system, exploring sustainable community development mechanism, establishing ecological protection operation mechanism, and carrying out ecological experience and popular science education-are clear one by one, and the central strategic deployment is transformed into executable and operable "Sichuan Action".

From a high starting point, at the beginning of the pilot, an expert advisory committee led by seven academicians and spanning multiple disciplines was announced, and a high-level think tank was set up to meet international standards, and combined with the actual situation in Sichuan, it constantly made suggestions for the pilot system of the Giant Panda National Park.

Fast-paced, over the past two years, our province has established communication and coordination mechanisms with relevant departments of the central government and Shaanxi and Gansu provinces, and issued more than 80 documents to promote the implementation of the work, covering the survey and definition of the Giant Panda National Park, scientific zoning, institutional setup, and artificial control.

In the first year of the pilot, we took the lead in printing and distributing the pilot implementation plan, defined 23 key tasks during the pilot period, such as the establishment of institutions, the construction of a comprehensive law enforcement system for resources and environment, and the construction of a natural resource asset management system, and implemented the road map, timetable and responsible units one by one.

Break a new path gradually

A number of reform measures have made progress, and the giant panda’s vision of "living in peace" has been continuously spread.

From 2017 to now, Sichuan has continuously promoted the national park system pilot, and made great efforts to make progress in the fields of institution building, human activity control, zoning adjustment, and planning preparation.

Establish a management organization system and continuously extend the management tentacles. In January this year, Sichuan Forestry and Grassland Bureau officially added the brand of "Sichuan Provincial Administration of Giant Panda National Park" to undertake the specific work of system pilot. Subsequently, seven cities (states))Set up management sub-bureaus respectively, and the management tentacles continue to extend downward. On this basis, Sichuan has initially established a three-level management system. At the same time, the Sichuan Giant Panda Science Research Institute was established to be responsible for giant pandas, national parks and related scientific research and planning.

Delineate the red line of control and set up a "firewall" in the pilot area. In the first year of the pilot, Sichuan made a heavy blow-completely stopped the examination and approval of production and operation projects in the pilot area, and "vetoed" new mining projects. Subsequently, the contents, conditions, procedures and measures of strict control or differentiated management during the pilot period were clarified. In the meantime, 325 outstanding problems in the pilot area were rectified, and all mining rights in the protected area and illegal production facilities in national parks were completely withdrawn. At present, Sichuan has gradually found out the population composition, business facilities, protection facilities, resources and other "family background" in national parks.

Law enforcement must be strict to protect the ecology. From 2017 to now, it has become normal to carry out special forest-related law enforcement actions in national parks, and no major forest-related criminal cases have occurred in the designated areas of our province.

Detailed implementation, transforming "road map" into "construction drawing". At the beginning of the pilot, Sichuan broke the departmental boundaries and worked with relevant departments to formulate a work plan for national park demarcation and mapping. Over the past two years, the field survey of national park boundaries and functional zoning boundaries has been completed, and a series of electronic atlas and list books which can be used for protection management and piling calibration have been formed. In the meantime, combining with the actual two fine-tuning zoning and functional zoning, we will ensure that the authenticity, integrity and connectivity of the natural ecosystem will be protected under the premise that the total area, habitat area, the number of protected giant pandas and the proportion of core protected areas will not be reduced, and the boundary and functional zoning of the giant panda national park in Sichuan will be more scientific and reasonable.

It is necessary to pilot and protect. Over the past two years, the provincial guidelines for the wild release of giant pandas have been formulated, which has risen to national norms. In the meantime, measures such as resource monitoring system construction, popular science recreation area construction, entrance community construction, improvement of people’s livelihood security and grid management have been introduced successively.

In addition to the construction of mechanism and system, taking the construction of national parks as an opportunity, the road to the protection of giant pandas in Sichuan has become smoother:

—— For more than two years, the second round of evaluation of the management capacity of the giant panda nature reserve in the province has been carried out comprehensively;

-Accumulated investment of 254 million yuan, continuous restoration of gene corridors in national parks, and gradual opening of communication barriers among populations;

-lock in ecologically fragile areas, carry out habitat vegetation restoration in Pingwu, Songpan and Mianzhu, and gradually expand the habitat area of small populations;

-We have successively built wild panda release bases in Xiaoxiangling, Daxiangling and Minshan, and released 1-2 pandas to nature every year;

—— Printing and distributing the technical regulations for the genetic archives of giant pandas, building individual DNA archives of giant pandas, carrying out dynamic monitoring of the giant panda population in 16 protected areas, detecting nearly 500 giant pandas, and promoting the fine management of the wild giant panda population;

-Strengthen habitat patrol management and comprehensive law enforcement of resources and environment, and rescue 2-4 sick and hungry wild pandas every year;

-Exploring provincial legislation in national parks and piloting "avoiding and withdrawing mining rights" in national parks;

-guide social forces to build and share, set up special funds, establish fund-raising platforms, carry out public welfare activities, and work together to promote accurate poverty alleviation in the designated areas.

As the deadline for the pilot project at the end of 2020 approaches, Sichuan’s exploration activities are moving at a steady pace, and the giant panda’s vision of "living in peace" is moving from imagination to reality.

Giant Panda National Park Exploration Course

At the end of 2013

During the reconstruction after the "April 20" Lushan earthquake, our province proposed to establish a "Giant Panda National Park" based on the wild giant panda habitat in Baoxing and Lushan disaster areas.

February 28th, 2015

The former Department of Wild Protection of the State Forestry Administration confirmed for the first time that the giant panda national park system was piloted in Sichuan and other places.

November 2015

The Seventh Plenary Session of the Tenth Provincial Party Committee wrote "Strengthening biodiversity protection and exploring the establishment of national parks with the theme of rare species such as giant pandas and special ecological types" into the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" of Sichuan.

January 26th, 2016

The 12th meeting of the Central Leading Group for Finance and Economics decided to build a number of national parks relying on rare species to protect the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems.

April 2016

The Central Leading Group for Finance and Economics decided to start the preparation of pilot schemes for national park systems such as Giant Panda and Northeast Tiger and Leopard.

May 2016

As a leading province, Sichuan cooperates with Shaanxi and Gansu to study and formulate the delineation of the giant panda national park, the placement of institutional personnel, and the disposal of natural resources and property in the designated area. In August of that year, the relevant plans compiled by Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces were reported to the central government.

January 2017

The General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued the Pilot Program of the Giant Panda National Park System, and the pilot of the giant panda national system was launched in an all-round way.

April 2017

The leading group for promoting the pilot system of Sichuan Giant Panda National Park held its first plenary meeting.

October 29, 2018

Under the witness of relevant officials of the State Forestry and Grassland Bureau and Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces, the Giant Panda National Park Administration was unveiled in Chengdu.

January 2019

Seven branches of Sichuan Provincial Administration of Giant Panda National Park were listed.

January 15, 2019

Sichuan Giant Panda Research Institute was established.

Review 70 years

Sichuan Giant Panda Protection: From Zero to Global Leading

Sichuan, one of the 25 biodiversity hotspots in the world; Giant panda, a unique species and umbrella species in Bashu, is the most recognizable cultural symbol of Sichuan and even China.

To a certain extent, the protection of giant panda population is a "barometer" of ecological civilization construction in Sichuan and even the whole country.

In the 70 years since the founding of New China, Sichuan has created a case of harmonious coexistence between man and nature: the captive and wild populations of giant pandas and their habitats have steadily increased. The feedback of protecting giant pandas is extremely rich-whether at home or overseas, as long as giant pandas are mentioned, people will think of Sichuan; As long as Sichuan is mentioned, people will think of giant pandas. Sichuan and the giant panda are complementary and inseparable.

In the golden autumn of 2019, at the opening of China (Sichuan) Giant Panda International Eco-tourism Festival in 2019, let’s look back on the magnificent journey of protecting giant pandas in Sichuan in the past 70 years and witness the road of ecological civilization construction in Sichuan in the past 70 years.

Action:

Start from scratch and forge ahead with the new China.

Some scholars have pointed out that the course of panda protection and scientific research is in step with the new China.

This statement is not empty. Looking back at history, the pioneer of protecting giant pandas was issued at the beginning of the founding of New China. In the 1950s, the central government made it clear that pandas should be properly protected. Subsequently, the giant panda and some associated species were included in the no-catch range.

The concept of protection is constantly jumping. In 1963, Sichuan established the first batch of five nature reserves, including Wolong in Wenchuan County, which refers to the protection of giant pandas and their forest ecosystems.

The pace of protection continues to accelerate. In 1980, the curtain of reform and opening-up just opened, and Wolong took the lead in joining the United Nations "Man and Nature" protected area network. Subsequently, in order to protect the giant panda, Tangjiahe Nature Reserve piloted ecological migration, taking retreat as progress, and gave the giant panda a complete home.

The intensity of protection has been gradually strengthened. In 1983, Wolong Special Administrative Region, the first and only ecological protection zone in China, was established. In the summer of that year, faced with the "famine" brought by the flowering of arrow bamboo, with the help of people all over the world, Sichuanese walked through the valleys and hills, bravely explored the primitive dense forests, and turned the national treasure into safety with their shoulders and sweat.

To protect the giant panda, one of the prerequisites is to crack the genetic code of its reproduction. In 1980 and 1987, China Giant Panda Conservation and Research Center and chengdu research base of giant panda were established successively, and almost at the same time, field observation stations were also set up. Two-pronged approach, focusing on artificial breeding, field ecology and behavior, and tackling scientific and technological problems one by one.

The means of protection is to restore the ecosystem on which giant pandas depend. To this end, major ecological projects were launched. In 1998, Sichuan took the lead in laying down its axe and starting the natural forest protection project. The following year, it was also the first in China, and the curtain of returning farmland to forests and grasslands in Sichuan was officially opened. Taking major ecological projects as the starting point, Sichuan has continuously implemented key ecological projects such as giant pandas and habitat protection, wildlife protection and nature reserves, and the habitat quality has been improving and the area has been increasing.

The goal of protection is to restore wild populations and wild habitats. Since 2005, Sichuan has taken the lead in carrying out ex situ rescue and wild training. In the meantime, two wild release bases, Xiaoxiangling and Daxiangling, have been built successively, and the giant pandas are constantly returning to their real "homes". Combined with post-disaster reconstruction, vegetation restoration and habitat restoration, Sichuan has strengthened the construction of giant panda corridors such as mud mountain, Huangtuliang, Tudiling and Tuowushan, effectively alleviating the fragmentation and islanding of each habitat.

Achievements:

Population, habitat area and wild release rank first, leading the world in scientific research.

What is the effectiveness of protecting giant pandas in Sichuan? A set of data illustrates the problem. According to the results of the fourth survey of giant pandas released in 2015, the population, habitat area and the number of giant pandas released into the wild in Sichuan have increased steadily. According to the evaluation of professional institutions, Sichuan giant panda research is in a leading position in the world.

After careful analysis, it is not difficult to find that this is a heavy report card:

-Looking at the habitat area, by 2014, the habitat area of giant pandas in Sichuan was 2.027 million hectares, accounting for nearly 80% of the total habitat area of giant pandas in China. In the same period, the potential habitat was 410,000 hectares, accounting for nearly half of the total potential habitat area of giant pandas in China.

-Looking at the population, the number of wild giant pandas increased from 909 in the 1980s to 1,387, an increase of over 50%. According to the fourth giant panda survey, there are 387 captive populations in Sichuan, which also ranks first in the country.

Behind the achievements is the continuous improvement of the protected land system. The data shows that up to now, 95 protected areas of various types have been built in the distribution area of giant pandas in Sichuan. Among them, there are 46 giant panda nature reserves. On this basis, more than 70% of wild giant pandas and 60% of giant panda habitats in Sichuan are included.

Behind the achievements, there is also a concept of protection that keeps pace with the times. Since the 1980s, Sichuan has carried out the second, third and fourth giant panda surveys, during which the statistical monitoring methods have been constantly updated to find out the family background of giant pandas in Sichuan, and at the same time, a dynamic and refined population management system has been initially established.

The achievement also comes from the fact that Sichuan people dare to be the first in the world. Up to now, 13 giant pandas have been released into the wild in the province, and some of them have "married and had children" in the wild.Late winter (image provided by Sichuan Forestry and Grassland Bureau)