Cctv newsOn July 23rd, the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism held a press conference on the safety and effectiveness of vaccines in Covid-19. According to the report of the World Health Organization, the newly confirmed cases in the western Pacific where China is located increased by 37% last week, which is the fastest growing region in the world. Omicron’s BA.5 sub-branch has spread to more than 100 countries and regions around the world, resulting in an increase in the number of infections, hospitalizations and severe cases, and the pressure on China’s foreign countries to prevent imports is increasing.

Recently, the local epidemic situation has shown a trend of multi-point distribution and frequent occurrence. In some areas, the epidemic spillover has not been completely blocked, and the prevention and control situation is severe and complicated.

We must unswervingly adhere to the general strategy of "external defense input, internal defense rebound" and the general policy of "dynamic clearing". The areas where the epidemic occurred should deal with the clustered epidemic according to the local situation, concentrate resources and strength to quickly put it out, and quickly curb the spread of the local epidemic; Border areas and entry cities should strictly implement various measures for external defense input, strictly manage in a closed loop, and resolutely avoid the destruction of defense and the overflow of epidemic situation; Areas where no epidemic has occurred should continue to do a good job in normalization prevention and control, and maintain the efficient operation of the emergency response command system.

Covid-19 vaccination should be continued.

　　Editor’s note:With the improvement of living conditions and the strengthening of health awareness, more and more people enter the fitness industry. Some people exercise to gain muscle, while others exercise to lose weight. What benefits can fitness bring us? Today, people’s network health talks with you.

　　Strength training, the benefits are not only muscle gain.

　　1. Prevent and improve anxiety and depression. A study of more than 1,800 people at Harvard University found that people with mild to moderate depression who do strength training at least twice a week have significantly less symptoms than those who don’t. This is because strength training increases the blood flow in the brain and releases brain hormones that enhance mood, such as norepinephrine and dopamine.

　　2. Improve cognitive function. A study published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry shows that people who do strength training twice a week have significantly improved their cognitive function after 18 months. Researchers say that strength training can thicken a part of the gray matter in the brain that is often affected in early Alzheimer’s disease.

　　3. Reduce the risk of falling. Falling is the main cause of death among people over 65 years old, and the weakness of lower body strength, especially leg strength, is the main risk factor. In a review of 17 studies published in the British Medical Journal, it was found that the risk of the elderly who participated in the fall prevention exercise program, including strength training, decreased by more than one third.

　　4. Reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. A Japanese study published in the Journal of Diabetes Research shows that the elderly over 60 years old have undergone low-intensity resistance training twice a week for 16 weeks, and their blood sugar levels have improved significantly. Su Hao said that the process of human aging itself is caused by insufficient energy supply of cells, and strength training can delay cell aging and improve sugar metabolism.

　　5. Prevent heart disease. A study of 4086 adults by the American Heart Association in 2018 showed that strength training can protect health better than aerobic exercise. Last year, a study published in the journal Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise showed that less than one hour of resistance exercise per week can reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome (such as hypertension, high cholesterol and elevated blood sugar). "This is because strength training can increase the body’s sugar and lipid metabolism." Su Hao explained.

　　6. Relieve the symptoms of chronic kidney disease. Muscle atrophy is one of the symptoms of chronic kidney disease. A study published in the American Journal of Physiology last year found that patients who combined aerobic exercise with strength training three times a week significantly increased their muscle strength and overall physical fitness, and other symptoms of patients with kidney disease, such as itching, shortness of breath, impotence and muscle spasm, were also relieved. Patients who only do aerobic exercise have no obvious effect.

　　Four movements can reduce underarm fat

　　Some women find that there are two lumps of meat under their armpits when they are wearing clothes, which greatly affects their appearance and worries them. In this regard, Tan Sijie, a professor at the Department of Sports Human Science of Tianjin Institute of Physical Education, said that this excess meat is mostly false breast milk, that is, the subcutaneous fat in front of or under the armpit increases, which can be improved through the following four actions to make the body look better.

　　1. Back flexion: Sit on the bed or mat, hold the ankle with both hands, touch the ground with the elbow joint, bend the upper body forward, fully extend the back, and try to make the chest touch the thigh; After 6 ~ 8 seconds, restore and do it for 10 ~ 12 times.

　　2. Flexion and extension of the back of the neck: stand up straight, hold the barbell piece with both hands, and elbow height lifts it, then lift the barbell piece upward until the arms are straight, and then restore it. Do it 8 times in a row and do 4 ~ 6 groups.

　　3. Push the wall exercise: hold the wall with both hands upright, stand with your body leaning forward against the wall, bend your elbows and push the wall to make your body upright, and then stop for a while and restore. Do it 20 ~ 30 times in a row, a total of 2 groups.

　　4. Bend your arms and strengthen your chest in a prone position: kneel on the floor with your arms straight, then bend your arms down until your chest hits the ground. When bending your arm, pay attention to putting your body’s center of gravity on your wrist, and support your body weight with the strength of your arm and wrist. Do it 8 ~ 10 times repeatedly.

　　Exercise since childhood, and you will get less cancer all your life.

　　An epidemiological study by the University of Sao Paulo in Brazil shows that from the age of 17, the health benefits of 60 minutes of moderate physical exercise every day will accumulate for a lifetime.

　　In order to investigate the causes of chronic diseases and the long-term effects of physical activity, nutrition, hormones and environment on the development of diseases, the research team conducted a follow-up survey on 28,000 American women. The researchers collected the physical exercise data provided by the participants in adolescence (12-22 years old), and then followed up their physical examination results and exercise every year. The relationship between physical activity in adolescence and the risk of adenoma was tested by logistic regression model. It was found that the risk of adenoma was reduced by 7% in people with more physical activity in adolescence (more than 60 minutes of exercise every day). Starting to exercise in adulthood (23-64 years old) reduces the risk by 9%; Those who have been exercising from adolescence to adulthood have reduced the risk by 24%. The findings were published in the British Journal of Cancer.

　　Researchers say that the health benefits brought by sports will have cumulative effects with age. At a time when unhealthy lifestyles such as sedentary, smoking, drinking and overeating are widespread, this study aims to enlighten the public that educating children to form the habit of insisting on exercise from adolescence will benefit them for life.

　　Exercise in the gym is step by step.

　　Step 1: Warm-up (10 ~ 15 minutes): As soon as many novices enter the gym, they can’t wait and immediately start strenuous exercise, ignoring an important link — — Warm up. Wang Anli said that warm-up activities can not only reduce sports injuries, but also improve sports ability, improve joint flexibility and mobilize internal organs.

　　Warm-up activities are based on body fever, slight sweating and no fatigue, and mainly low-intensity activities. For example, you can do some knee stretching exercises first, and then jog for a few minutes, preferably outdoors; Walk for a while after jogging, and increase the swing range of your arms appropriately; After feeling the temperature rise, do some stretching exercises. In addition, warm-up activities can also be carried out in a targeted manner. For example, before spinning training, you can do opening and closing jumps, lunges and leg stretching to mobilize breathing and leg muscles.

　　Step 2: Training (about one hour). Many people run on the treadmill for an hour as soon as they enter the gym, which makes it difficult to carry out strength training later because the energy has been exhausted. The correct order is: anaerobic first, then aerobic, such as dumbbell bending, squat and other anaerobic exercises to improve metabolic function, and then aerobic exercise, the exercise effect is better, but pay attention to the fact that the total time of the two should not exceed 1 hour.

　　When training equipment, you should practice big equipment first and then small equipment, otherwise, there may be no stamina; We should also follow the principle of gradual progress, starting with a small number of pounds, such as 1 pound, 3 pounds and then rising to 5 pounds or more; The number of practice groups starts from 2 groups, and then gradually increases, with a group of 12~15 times. In addition, when practicing strength, novices should first choose fixed equipment, such as bench press with Smith machine, feel muscle contraction and learn to exert strength, and then practice free weight training, such as lifting barbells from the ground.

　　Step 3: Tidy up or relax (5 ~ 10 minutes). After the training, finishing activities with a small amount of exercise for 5 to 10 minutes can make the muscles recover faster and prevent muscle spasms, injuries and soreness. For example, you can walk fast or run 300 meters and do stretching activities. In addition, relaxation activities are also targeted, that is, which parts of muscles are used more during exercise, where to relax. For example, spinning training uses more muscles in legs and shoulders. After training, you can do leg press, turn shoulders and other actions. (People’s Health Network Comprehensive from Life Times)

　　☆ Recommended reading ☆

　　Why do you say "eat radish in winter"? Green, red and white radishes have different effects.

　　In winter, you always freeze your hands and feet. A few warm ways will keep you warm for the winter.

　　Breathing through your mouth will make you "stupid and ugly"! Measure how you breathe.

　　The longer you stand with your eyes closed on one leg, the longer you live. Remember 6 "micro" s if you want to live longer.

　　How to spend the "closed season"? Beginning of winter will do these three things later.

　　Can you become "stupid" if you don’t sleep well? Staying up late is more terrible than you think.

　　How to stabilize hypertension in autumn and winter? Abide by two principles

　　The taste that salty hurts the kidney and pungent hurts the lung determines the health of your five internal organs.

　　The root of all diseases! How many do you know about the nine hazards of obesity?

　　As the "explosion" of the new format of the digital economy, in the past year or so, live broadcast has been in the limelight. Both professional anchors, stars, bloggers and amateurs have entered the live broadcast room one after another. From selling lipstick to selling houses, the anchors are all eloquent: "delicious", "beautiful" and "buy it" … … More and more consumers have also adapted to live shopping. According to the data released by China Internet Network Information Center, as of December 2020, the number of live e-commerce users in China has reached 388 million, ranking first among all live webcasts, and 66.2% of live e-commerce users have purchased live products.

　　While the live broadcast of goods is booming, some live broadcast rooms also gather many consumption traps such as counterfeiting, exaggeration, improper goods and poor after-sales service. How long can the live broadcast be "fragrant"? Can we return to rationality from barbaric growth in 2021?

　　It’s annoying to watch the excitement

　　Today, watching live shopping is a common thing. Open Taobao, JD.COM, Suning, Mushroom Street and other online shopping platforms at any time, and you can hear the call of "friends" and "babies" from the anchors. Every few minutes, there are airborne red envelope gift certificates. Often, consumers have not had time to understand whether they really need it, and they are already hot-headed. "Order, buy!" However, when the courier arrives, the products that many people buy are far from what the anchor said.

　　Liu Jing, who works for a media company in Daxing District, Beijing, recently stepped on a live broadcast pit with goods. She listened to the neck pillow recommended by a platform anchor to relieve neck and shoulder pain, so she took the idea of giving it a try and spent more than 500 yuan to place an order. Unfortunately, after she got it, she found that this pillow was shoddy and completely different from what the anchor said. I wanted to return it, but I found that I couldn’t even find the live broadcast platform. Liujing said: "I thought it was worth more, but it was cut ‘ Leek ’ I think that the complaints from relevant departments can’t produce evidence. "

　　Zhu Jianqiao, secretary-general of China Consumers Association, analyzed the main reasons why it is difficult to protect rights with live broadcast. He said that the main body of live broadcast with goods involved in sales is diverse, and the responsibility is unclear, which makes consumers not know who to look for when defending their rights. Consumers bought it by watching the live broadcast. As a result, the anchor may say that you are trading with Taobao and JD.COM, and it has nothing to do with me; Looking for the seller of the flagship store, he may say, you are drained through the live broadcast room; Looking for a platform, he may say, I just provide the venue, and you have to find the anchor.

　　The problems of live broadcast with goods include old problems such as poor quality, false propaganda, and inadequate after-sales, as well as new problems such as fraud by public figures with goods, traffic fraud, and false reports. Brushing the bill and brushing the flow is one of the worse behaviors. Industry insiders told reporters that although the shopping platforms such as Tmall and JD.COM are increasingly cracking down on swiping bills, it is not difficult to find traffic dealers on the Internet, and even you can find sellers by directly entering keywords such as "pink" and "live traffic" on some websites. On the quotation sheet of an online shop, the annual price of machine brushing package ranges from 1000 yuan to 5,000 yuan, while the manual account is more expensive, and it also corresponds to the number of different viewers, likes and shares, sales volume with goods and the number of real people’s comments. Even for the sake of good-looking data, the data of different commodities in the same store, such as apples, are grafted onto bananas. These false data seem to maintain the "worth" of artists or online celebrity, but they seriously mislead consumers, and at the same time, they are just fleeting losses for businesses.

　　Innovating supervision and standardizing management

　　The current situation of concentrated consumer demands makes live broadcast with goods one of the 11 hot spots of consumer complaints in the Analysis of Complaints Accepted by National Consumers Association in 2020 issued by China Consumers Association. On March 15th this year’s International Consumer Rights Day, local consumer associations have also drawn their priorities according to local conditions. For example, the Consumer Protection Committee of Anhui Province specially reminded consumers in the No.1 consumption reminder in 2021 to try to buy goods in the official flagship store or the live broadcast room of well-known anchors. Don’t trust the propaganda made by merchants such as "special price", "clearance price" and "lowest price in the whole network", and keep relevant vouchers, and actively defend their rights when their rights are damaged.

　　Since the second half of 2020, from industry associations to regulatory authorities, a series of rules and regulations have been issued for live webcasting, especially for live webcasting. The intensity of policy release is rare over the years, precisely to promote the healthy development of live webcasting as soon as possible.

　　First of all, from the perspective of activating the consumer market, relevant functional departments give more confidence to webcasting with positive support and expectation. In July, 2020, 13 departments, including the National Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, issued the Opinions on Supporting the Healthy Development of New Business Forms and Models, Activating the Consumer Market, and Promoting Employment Expansion, which clearly stated that it is necessary to cultivate new individuals, support independent employment, and support diversified independent employment and time-sharing employment such as webcasting. In the same month, among the new occupations jointly released by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the General Administration of Market Supervision and the National Bureau of Statistics, "Live Salesman" ranked among them, which means that "e-commerce anchor" and "online celebrity with goods" have obtained official certification as a new occupation.

　　In regulating the rules of online shopping behavior, the supervision mode of "internet plus" is constantly innovating. There are three main bodies of live delivery, namely, platform, anchor and merchant. Who should I look for in case of consumer disputes? In the "Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Supervision of Webcast Marketing Activities" issued by the General Administration of Market Supervision in November 2020, the responsibilities and obligations of all parties involved in the process of live delivery were clarified, and at the same time, eight common illegal acts in live delivery, such as illegal product quality, illegal advertising and infringement of consumers’ legitimate rights and interests, were required to be investigated and dealt with according to law.

　　The fraud of live broadcast data was mainly rectified. In the "Regulations on the Management of Internet Live Marketing Information Content Service (Draft for Comment)" issued by the Network Information Office in November 2020, it is clearly required that operators and live marketers engaged in Internet live marketing information content services should publish goods or service information truthfully, accurately and comprehensively, and must not "fabricate or tamper with data traffic such as attention, page views, likes and transaction volume". For those who violate the above provisions and cause damage to others, clear penalties have been made for the corresponding degree of behavior.

　　Innovative regulatory measures are also adopted for the management of the network platform. The consultation draft of the Internet Office has increased the management responsibility of the e-commerce live broadcast platform. In the Notice on Strengthening the Management of Online Show Live Broadcasting and E-commerce Live Broadcasting issued by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, specific management rules are put forward on the registration, content, audit, anchor and reward of online live broadcasting and e-commerce live broadcasting. It is clearly required that the overall ratio of the number of first-line auditors of relevant platforms to the number of online live broadcast rooms shall not be less than 1: 50.

　　In 2021, whether the new format of live broadcast with goods can continue the prosperity depends on whether it can move from barbaric growth and quick money to legal and standardized operation. After all, only by legal compliance can we go far.

　　In the middle of the night, the well-dressed female anchor sat in the live broadcast room, shouting for everyone to click on the little yellow car and place an order to buy products such as plum fruit. In front of the spotlight, there are two monkeys wearing diapers and skirts. They climb on the female anchor and sometimes make a cry, becoming a "powder-sucking weapon" in the live broadcast room.

　　These female anchors have another identity. They are zookeepers. In the evening, they will dress up their monkeys and start live broadcast with goods. Some anchors even broadcast live until midnight. The extreme news reporter also found that there were also anchors who painted lipstick on monkeys during the live broadcast.

　　These anchors have attracted many fans by dressing up cute monkeys, but many netizens are worried that these monkeys will be "forced to open business" in the spotlight every day, and will they be hurt?

　　On May 27, the wildlife protection department of the city where the relevant zoo is located responded to the journalist, and the zoo was not allowed to use monkeys to bring goods live. After investigation and verification, this behavior would be stopped.

　　"Monkey Anchor" was forced to open late at night

　　"Special offer once a month, let’s hurry up and shoot, and count down for 10 seconds … …” Late at night on May 25th, a blogger named "Xiaoxinxin" sat in the live broadcast room and recommended a plum fruit product, claiming that the plum fruit has the function of losing weight.

　　Unlike other anchors with goods, this anchor is crawling with two monkeys. One of them was wearing a diaper, and the other older one was wearing a flowered skirt. On the table in front of the anchor, in addition to the products she promoted, there is also a sign printed with "Xinmaqi Fantasy Animal Theme Park Work Permit". A netizen who just entered the live broadcast room asked: "Why can I bring a monkey live?" The anchor replied: "Because I am their keeper."

　　The breeder of Hebei Hengshui Xinmaqi Fantasy Animal Theme Park is broadcasting live (Source: video screenshot)

　　During the live broadcast, two monkeys clung to the anchor’s clothes and snuggled up to her, sometimes squinting. The anchor put them on the table and wanted to stand up and show the slimming effect after eating plum fruit. When a monkey saw that the anchor was ready to get up, he swooped back into her arms, tugged at her clothes firmly and squeaked until the anchor held it in his arms and stroked it like a baby, and the monkey’s mood stabilized.

　　Many netizens said that the monkey may be too sleepy and need to sleep, so his mood is uneasy. The anchor said that the monkey thought she was leaving, so she climbed on top of her.

　　The live broadcast lasted until after 0 o’clock the next day.

　　Also broadcast live late at night, there is an anchor in Tieling, Liaoning. The anchor’s live broadcast room has a work permit hanging on his chest, and the background of the live broadcast room has the words "Tieling Longshoushan Zoo". In the live broadcast room, there is a monkey named "Little Apple", wearing a red skirt, and sucking the "Shumian Fuling Ziziphus jujuba seed paste" in the anchor’s hand. The anchor is also promoting a plum fruit and a probiotic freeze-dried powder that is said to have weight loss effect.

　　A zoo keeper in Tieling, Liaoning Province asked monkeys to bow to netizens (Source: video screenshot)

　　The live broadcast record of the anchor shows that on May 24, several of her live broadcasts began at 6: 50 pm and ended at 0: 30 on the 25th. At 8: 27 pm on the 25th, she started the live broadcast again until 0: 21 the next day.

　　In addition to the anchors that broadcast live at night, there are also some anchors that broadcast live during the day. In Hengshui Wildlife Park in Hengshui City, Hebei Province, a keeper opened two accounts, and the live broadcast record of one account showed that on May 26th, she started at 1 pm and ended at around 10: 30 pm, during which several live broadcasts were conducted.

　　On the afternoon of 27th, Jimu journalists entered the anchor’s live broadcast room and saw a monkey in diapers and a monkey in clothes playing in a corner, eating melon seeds, etc. The anchor only spoke beside him and didn’t appear. The anchor said that there are many monkeys in the zoo and they will appear one by one.

　　In the live broadcast room of a zoo keeper in Siyang, Jiangsu, the reporter saw that the anchor was selling a cosmetic at a loud voice, and the little monkey in front of her squinted from time to time and looked very tired. Some netizens expressed their distress.

　　Someone once made monkeys smoke and wear lipstick.

　　After consulting the accounts of these breeders’ anchors, Jimu journalists found that they not only let the monkeys appear in the live broadcast, but also update short videos about monkeys every day to attract fans’ attention.

　　The video released by the keeper of Hengshui Wildlife Park shows that she often interacts with monkeys and baboons in clothes, sometimes giving them a bath and sometimes feeding them lollipops and lactic acid bacteria drinks. A video updated by the anchor in March this year shows that a monkey has three lollipops in his mouth, his cheeks are bulging and he still holds a lollipop in his hand.

　　In the video released by Xiao Xinxin, the monkey will sit on a stool like a human being, cross his legs and hold a bottle of drink. There is also a plate of fruit on the stool next to it and a tablet computer in front. The scene is obviously designed by the breeder, and the video has 178,000 likes.

　　In the video released by the male breeder of a zoo in Jilin, he sometimes takes the monkey to eat fried dough sticks in the ice and snow, sometimes takes the monkey to eat French fries, and sometimes eats instant noodles and ice cream. This monkey has become a food broadcaster.

　　The extreme journalist also noticed that in the video released by the breeder, a monkey was holding an unlit cigarette and biting it, with the caption "The little guy shredded all the cigarettes to help her uncle quit smoking". Some netizens commented: Don’t play with cigarettes for monkeys.

　　The behavior of these breeders taking monkeys live and shooting short videos has also caused many netizens to worry that these behaviors will hurt monkeys, and some videos are even suspected of abusing monkeys.

　　In November last year, some netizens reported that Hengshui Wildlife Park had forced a young monkey to smoke and filmed a short video and sent it online. This behavior was suspected of cruelty to animals, or attracted attention and promoted the park by hype. The video shows that a monkey is sitting on a small bench with a lit cigarette in his mouth. Because of the smoke stimulation, the little monkey keeps blinking. After someone took the cigarette, the little monkey rubbed his eyes, then lay on the ground and was covered with white cloth, suggesting "death". The words "smoking is harmful to health" also appeared in the video.

　　Hebei Hengshui Wildlife Park once took a short video of monkeys smoking (Source: Red Star News)

　　At that time, the zoo had explained to the media that the monkey just posed with cigarettes and didn’t really smoke. The short video was just to promote "smoking is harmful to health". The video was deleted after it caused controversy.

　　Another video obtained by Jimu journalist shows that the keeper of Hengshui Wildlife Park once put lipstick on it with a monkey in his arms. Some netizens also questioned that this move is animal cruelty. At present, the video has been deleted from the accounts of the zoo and the breeder, but some people are still forwarding it.

　　The breeder of Hengshui Wildlife Park in Hebei once painted lipstick on monkeys (Source: video screenshot)

　　The reporter also noticed that on May 1 last year, the female breeder of Qinhu Zoo in Taizhou, Jiangsu Province painted eye makeup for monkeys in the live broadcast and promoted beauty products. In February of this year, another netizen reported that the breeder gave the monkey milk and drinks, ate strawberries, durian, longan, lychee, etc., and made a short video live. The Network Information Office of Jiangyan District Committee of Taizhou City replied that the office, together with relevant departments, had an interview with the anchor and the person in charge of Qinhu Zoo, reiterated the relevant laws and regulations, urged him to remove the products containing bad content before, and asked him not to make up monkeys, not to use live monkeys to bring goods, and not to use live monkeys for a long time.

　　The wildlife protection department said that it would stop the live broadcast.

　　The journalist noticed that the keeper of Qinhu Zoo temporarily stopped updating short videos from May 16th. She replied to netizens in the comment area that she has arrived in Binzhou, Shandong Province and will resume live broadcast in the near future.

　　On May 27th, Jimu journalists called Qinhu Zoo many times, but no one answered. The reporter also called Hengshui Wildlife Park and Xinmaqi Fantasy Animal Theme Park respectively, suggesting that some netizens thought it was inappropriate to use monkeys to bring goods live, and the relevant staff responded and would report the matter to the leaders. That night, Simaqi Fantasy Animal Theme Park replied to the reporter that the live broadcast time would be adjusted in the future, and monkeys would not be allowed to live in the middle of the night.

　　The reporter also contacted the Nature Reserve and Wildlife Protection Management Section of Hengshui Natural Resources and Planning Bureau. The staff said that the zoo was not allowed to use monkeys to carry goods live. After investigation and verification, they would stop this behavior.

　　At 9: 00 p.m. on May 27th, a journalist noticed that the keepers of the above two zoos in Hengshui City had not carried out live broadcast with goods.

　　A zoo keeper in Jiangsu is broadcasting live (Source: video screenshot)

　　Hu Huijian, a researcher and doctoral supervisor at the Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, said that primates such as monkeys are protected animals at or above the national level, and artificial breeding of monkeys should go through legal procedures such as the Wild Animal Domestication and Breeding License. If individuals or units do not have relevant certificates of legally owning monkeys, it is illegal. From the perspective of wildlife protection, using monkeys to carry goods live will definitely have an impact on wildlife. Because whether it is a zoo or an individual raising monkeys, we must consider "abundance", that is, the needs of wild animals for the environment and psychological needs.

　　Animals need a good natural environment, and live broadcast with goods is in a very artificial environment, and monkeys certainly have no will to live broadcast with goods, so forcing them to live broadcast with goods is a serious violation of animal welfare. If the breeder puts makeup on the monkey, forces the monkey to take a photo, or forces it to do some body movements, it is not only against animal welfare, but even suspected of cruelty to animals.

　　In addition, among all primates, humans need the shortest sleep time, while monkeys need 10 to 15 hours of sleep time, while monkeys generally move during the day, so live broadcast at night will also affect the rest of monkeys.

In recent years, artificial intelligence technology represented by deep learning and reinforcement learning has expanded from engineering fields such as language translation, image recognition and industrial automation to economic and financial fields such as intelligent production, intelligent agriculture, intelligent logistics, macro-economic monitoring of big data, and quantitative investment and research, which can be said to be widely used.

Artificial intelligence technology has the inherent advantage of dealing with high-dimensional data, and can avoid many limitations of traditional analysis methods by means of representation learning, value function approximation and feature selection, and obtain better prediction and decision-making effects. In order to make artificial intelligence technology achieve satisfactory prediction and decision-making results, researchers often need to invest a lot of data resources. This technical feature makes data resources a key factor of production. With the popularization of big data, intelligence, mobile Internet and cloud computing, artificial intelligence technology, as the underlying technology to provide information products and services, is also the key to the gradual transformation of industrial economy to digital economy.

　　What is the artificial intelligence algorithm?

　　Artificial intelligence algorithms can be roughly divided into supervised learning, unsupervised learning and reinforcement learning. Among them, supervised learning learns laws from human experience through continuous training programs (models). In this kind of machine learning, researchers will constantly adjust model parameters by marking data to achieve learning purposes. Similar to parents will show their children different colors, sizes and even kinds of apples, and teach children to know "never seen" apples. This is the purpose of supervised learning: out-of-sample prediction.

　　Unsupervised learning enables the machine to extract features directly from the existing data and compress the information for other tasks through training programs. Like traditional principal component analysis, high-dimensional features can be approximated by low-dimensional vectors. For example, we can use principal component analysis technology to compress pictures to save storage space. Therefore, this kind of machine learning algorithm does not need previous experience, and is also called unsupervised learning.

　　Of course, the relationship between unsupervised learning and supervised learning is not contradictory to each other, and we can also use semi-supervised learning algorithm for data with partial labels. For example, the recently popular antagonistic neural network — — We can use this algorithm to learn a series of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, so that it can generate a number of "Oracle Bone Inscriptions" which is enough to confuse the false with the true, but never represents any meaning, which is equivalent to a calculation program that "paints a tiger as a tiger" but doesn’t know it is a tiger.

　　 In addition, reinforcement learning is different from the above (none, half) supervised learning algorithm. Reinforcement learning is an extension of dynamic optimization, while (none, half) supervised learning is closer to statistics. Reinforcement learning can maximize the cumulative benefits of intelligent programs by making them constantly interact with the environment and adjusting the decision parameters (processes) of intelligent programs. Reinforcement learning is the machine learning algorithm closest to human decision-making process, which is similar to letting an agent perceive the world infinitely and quickly, and optimizing its decision-making process through its own failure or success experience. In this process, computer programs do not need teachers so much. Of course, intensive learning cannot be completely separated from supervised learning. For example, AlphaGo is a computing program trained by means of intensive learning, but in the first stage of AlphaGo training, researchers used a large number of human players’ chess manuals for AlphaGo to imitate learning, where human experience is similar to that of teachers; However, in ZeroGo, an upgraded version of AlphaGo, imitation learning has been completely abandoned.

　　 In order to make artificial intelligence algorithms universally applicable, we often need a lot of data, computing power and effective computing algorithms. A large amount of data is equivalent to hiring a knowledgeable teacher to guide the computer program, and high computing power will give the computer program the ability to learn knowledge faster. An important direction in the field of artificial intelligence research is to continuously develop computing algorithms that can make more effective use of existing data and computing power, which is equivalent to providing better learning methods and paths for computer programs. Therefore, data annotation, cloud computing, chip design and algorithm development are the core parts of the artificial intelligence industry.

　　What impact does artificial intelligence technology have on social economy?

　　 In fact, artificial intelligence technology originated as a discipline in 1950s, for example, McCarthy and others, the "father of artificial intelligence", proposed artificial intelligence in 1950s; The decision tree model originated from 1950s to 1960s, while the neural network model and Q-learning reinforcement learning algorithm, which are widely used at present, originated from 1980s. However, if artificial intelligence technology wants to reach the accuracy of human decision-making, it needs a lot of training (experience) data and high computing power, so it was not until 2000 that artificial intelligence technology was able to achieve leap-forward development.

　　With the blessing of a large amount of data and high computing power, some artificial intelligence technologies can replace humans to make large-scale accurate decisions, and also replace more and more manual jobs. Judging from the current impact, on the one hand, the application of machine learning has indeed replaced some traditional labors, resulting in the labor crowding-out effect: automated robots tend to make the production process unmanned, natural language processing technology can better complete most of the translation and even information extraction, and machine learning algorithms can even more accurately characterize the properties of small molecular compounds, thus reducing the labor and time consumption required for large-scale repetitive work to some extent.

　　 On the other hand, like previous technological revolutions, the rise of machine learning has not only improved social production efficiency, but also created new jobs for society. Since the birth of the industrial revolution, steam turbines have replaced grooms and coachmen, spinning machines have replaced textile workers, wired telephones and wireless telegrams have replaced postmen, and electronic computers have replaced hand-operated computers, saving a lot of manual calculations. However, it should be noted that every scientific and technological progress has not caused a large number of social unemployment, but will change the original social production organization structure and produce new formats by improving the production efficiency and technological innovation of traditional industries. Scientific and technological progress not only changes the production technology of industrial enterprises, but also changes the work content of traditional industries, resulting in new job demands.

　　Like any other technological innovation, machine learning technology has different degrees of influence on different industries and different positions. For those who are engaged in production processes, the impact of machine learning is undoubtedly subversive. However, for those positions that need overall planning, innovation and interaction, machine learning can not make a significant impact at the current stage.

　　In addition, we also need to realize that artificial intelligence algorithms still cannot reach the level of "intelligence". Any technology is accompanied by security risks, and so are artificial intelligence algorithms. For example, most supervised learning algorithms do not have a clear logic generation process, which not only prevents researchers from effectively interfering with the algorithms, but also makes artificial intelligence algorithms less robust in the training and prediction stages. To give a simple example, in a classification algorithm, if we change a pixel on a three-inch cat photo, it may make the computer algorithm identify the cat as other items. This kind of practice is called reverse attack and involves artificial intelligence technology risks.

　 　 　 　Just like other emerging industries in the early stage of development, due to the lack of early supervision, some enterprises will make improper use of their early advantages in data, computing power and algorithms, leading to the abuse of artificial intelligence technology, monopoly operation of some head enterprises, disclosure of private data and even enterprise operation risks caused by over-reliance on algorithm decision-making, which are the application risks and derivative risks of artificial intelligence technology.

　　Therefore, how to develop and lead this strategic industry has become the top priority at present — — We need to think about how to give full play to the social bottom function of the government during the period of intelligent economic transformation, and how to standardize the operation of the private sector when its computing power and scientific and technological level exceed those of the regulatory agencies.

　　What are the advantages of the revolution with intelligent technology?

　　Strengthen investment in research and development, coordinate industry development, achieve core industry leadership, and grasp the dominance of artificial intelligence technology.Artificial intelligence has become a basic core field related to national security and overall development. At present, although the development of artificial intelligence in China is generally upward, there are still many problems in basic research, technical system, application ecology, innovation and development. Therefore, taking interdisciplinary and application transformation as the starting point to drive basic research in the field of artificial intelligence, increasing financial investment in related research, optimizing expenditure structure, and implementing tax incentives for enterprises investing in basic research will all help to coordinate the development of the industry. Focusing on strengthening the originality and leading research in the core areas of artificial intelligence (such as algorithms and chips) can better grasp the dominant position of artificial intelligence technology.

　　Pre-oriented, professional and flexible industry and technology supervision can better regulate the development of the industry and create a good digital environment.On the one hand, the artificial intelligence industry will have negative effects on monopoly, diversification, privacy and ethics. Therefore, the implementation of the underlying algorithm supervision can effectively prevent artificial intelligence-related and derivative risks such as opaque automated decision-making and privacy violations. On the other hand, the current development of artificial intelligence industry is in the explosive period of technological innovation and industrial growth. While bringing development dividends to the social economy, the flexibility of its application forms and associated formats also means that the regulatory framework and ideas should be adjusted accordingly, so as to further play the dividends brought by technological progress. In addition, we need to equip a more professional industry supervision team, empower artificial intelligence supervision with artificial intelligence technology, standardize the artificial intelligence industry in a pre-position, specialization and flexibility, and flexibly formulate the supervision framework and implementation norms according to the actual development conditions of different artificial intelligence industries, so as to reduce unnecessary obstacles faced by the development and application of artificial intelligence technology, create a good digital environment, and further build the core competitiveness of China’s artificial intelligence industry.

　　Deeply integrate the real economy, develop the digital economy and explore new formats.As the core technology in the development of digital economy, artificial intelligence technology can effectively transform data production factors into actual productivity. The improvement of production efficiency and the change of production paradigm brought about by the deep integration of intelligent technology and real economy are important driving forces for China’s macroeconomic transformation and upgrading. Therefore, deep integration of the real economy should be a major goal of the development of the artificial intelligence industry. Exploring new formats and developing new models based on artificial intelligence technology, promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, accelerating the cross-regional flow of production factors, integrating market players, and smoothing the economic cycle at home and abroad are also the inevitable needs of fully basing on and giving full play to the advantages of China’s entire industrial chain and laying out industries with digital economy advantages.

　　Give full play to the market initiative and realize the simultaneous production, learning and research of artificial intelligence industry.The long-term healthy development of artificial intelligence technology is inseparable from a good market environment and industrial support. Micro-subjects can effectively smell business opportunities, and market economy has comparative advantages in exploring new formats and exploring new models. However, as a typical knowledge-intensive industry, the artificial intelligence industry needs a lot of research and development work and trains a large number of professional and technical personnel in the early stage. Universities and research institutes have comparative advantages in personnel training and technological innovation, and are important core forces in the artificial intelligence industry chain. Therefore, taking market demand as the leading factor, organically combining enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions, we will form complementary synergy in functions and resource advantages, and provide basic support for the development of the intelligent industry. Taking economic benefits as the starting point, we should mobilize the enthusiasm of scientific and technological personnel in colleges and universities, promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces, and create a healthy and sustainable development ecology of artificial intelligence industry.

　　Improve the social security system and promote the system of individual development and skills training and re-employment.With the application of large-scale machine learning technology, the subjective initiative, individual innovation and overall thinking ability of the labor force are extremely important to social and economic development and personal development. However, there is still a technical gap between the traditional labor supply and the emerging labor demand — — The traditional labor force is not qualified for the job demand of emerging industries. Under this background, how to effectively promote the re-employment system of individual development and skills training, effectively bridge the technical gap, and how to adjust the social security system to make it more applicable to cross-departmental retraining and re-employment, to ensure people’s livelihood and to effectively improve social welfare, etc., are worthy of our further thinking and exploration.

　　 　(Author: Wang Xi, a researcher at Peking University Institute of Economics)

　　■ In June, a total of 34.767 billion yuan of lottery tickets were sold nationwide, a decrease of 23.862 billion yuan or 40.7% over the same period of last year.

　　■ Not only did the monthly data decline, but the reporter combed the lottery sales data in the first half of the past decade and found that the lottery sales showed negative growth year-on-year for the first time in the first half of this year.

　　■ What causes the lottery market to be cold? What is the future trend of lottery market? The reporter combed and interviewed this.

　　Encounter cold

　　In the first half of the year, national lottery sales fell first.

　　Lottery sales were cold this year. From January to June, the national lottery sales totaled 212.596 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 32.602 billion yuan or 13.3%. Among them, the sales of welfare lottery institutions was 97.757 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 12.838 billion yuan or 11.6%; The sales of sports lottery institutions reached 114.839 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 19.764 billion yuan or 14.7%.

　　The reporter combed 2010 — The lottery sales data in the first half of the decade in 2019 found that this was the first time that there was a year-on-year decline.

　　Judging from the monthly data, in June this year, the country sold a total of 34.767 billion yuan of lottery tickets, down 40.7% from the same period of last year. The year-on-year decline was mainly due to the large sales of quiz lottery games in the World Cup in June 2018, with a high base in the same period last year. In the first half of 2018, lottery sales increased by as much as 19.6%.

　　Looking back on the lottery market in the past ten years, from 2010 to 2012, it experienced a double-digit rapid growth period, and then the growth rate gradually decreased to single digits, and negative growth occurred for the first time in the first half of 2019.

　　The data shows that from 2010 to the first half of 2012, the national lottery sales maintained a rapid growth of more than 20%, which was a period of rapid growth of China’s lottery market; In 2013 and 2014, the growth rate of national lottery sales fell below 20%; From 2015 to the first half of 2017, the growth rate of national lottery sales dropped significantly, only 5.2%, 3.5% and 5.5% respectively.

　　Where do people prefer to buy lottery tickets when lottery sales are relatively low? Geographically, data from the Ministry of Finance show that in June, compared with the same period of last year, lottery sales in 31 provinces all declined. However, from the cumulative data in the first half of the year, compared with the same period of last year, lottery sales in five provinces increased, namely Sichuan, Shanghai, Henan, Anhui and Beijing, with year-on-year increases of 1.681 billion yuan, 234 million yuan, 190 million yuan, 172 million yuan and 45 million yuan respectively. As far as the overall sales volume in the first half of the year is concerned, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang and Henan rank among the top five in the country.

　　cause

　　Strengthen the supervision of high-frequency fast-opening games

　　Why did lottery sales decline in the first half of this year? An expert in the lottery industry told reporters that at the beginning of this year, in order to regulate the lottery market, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Civil Affairs and other departments strengthened the supervision of high-frequency quick-opening games and quiz games, extended the sales time of high-frequency quick-opening games and reduced the number of lottery games.

　　High-frequency fast-opening games mainly complete the process from sales to lottery every few minutes or ten minutes through electronic equipment.

　　The data shows that in 2017, the share of Fucai quick-opening games in the total sales of Fucai reached 40%. In that year, the total sales volume of national welfare lottery was 216.977 billion yuan, of which the sales of quick-opening games was 87.522 billion yuan.

　　A lottery player told reporters: "The number of high-frequency fast-opening games is small, there are many awards, and the lottery is frequent. Many domestic lottery buyers are speculative when buying high-frequency fast-opening games, and some lottery buyers can play all day and easily lose their minds."

　　The reporter noted that in January this year, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and the General Administration of Sports issued a notice to adjust the rules of high-frequency fast-opening lottery games and quiz lottery games, and strengthen the supervision of the lottery market. According to the notice, in recent years, China’s lottery industry has generally shown a sustained and healthy development trend. At the same time, there are still irrational lottery buying phenomena in the lottery market, such as unauthorized use of the Internet to sell lottery tickets and large bets. In particular, the market supervision of welfare lottery quick-opening games, sports lottery high-frequency games and sports lottery national online single-game quiz games needs to be strengthened. The notice is clear. From February 11th, if the sales time of high-frequency quick-start games is shorter than 20 minutes, it will be adjusted to 20 minutes.

　　Since 2019, the number of contests and events for the annual quiz game shall not be higher than 70% of the number of contests and events for sale in 2018. The aforementioned experts also pointed out to reporters that the main reason is that there was a World Cup in June 2018. At that time, the sales volume of lottery was particularly large, and the sales volume of sports lottery was also particularly large. However, there were no important sports events in June this year. The sharp decline in sports lottery sales in June was an important factor in the decline in lottery sales in the first half of the year.

　　Ban on sale

　　Internet lottery is banned.

　　The ban on internet lottery sales also has an impact on lottery sales. The reporter noted that in August 2018, the Ministry of Finance and other 12 departments jointly issued a document resolutely prohibiting the unauthorized use of the Internet to sell lottery tickets.

　　Internet lottery had previously shown a blowout growth trend in 2014. The huge sales volume of nearly 100 billion yuan makes internet lottery purchase an important force to promote the development of lottery market.

　　In 2014, Internet lottery experienced a glorious period. Major sports events, including the World Cup in Brazil, boosted the sales of Internet lottery by 102% from 42 billion yuan in 2013 to 85 billion yuan, accounting for 20% of the total lottery sales. According to the Analysis Report of Internet Lottery Market in 2014, there were more than 100 million users in China who bought lottery tickets through Internet channels, and the Internet became an important betting platform and channel for users.

　　Since then, since 2015, the Ministry of Finance and other departments have repeatedly issued a document to prohibit the sale of lottery tickets through Internet channels. However, during the 2018 World Cup, a large number of mobile apps illegally sold lottery tickets through the Internet.

　　At that time, there were many fish that escaped from the net without being investigated. According to media reports, some apps have stopped selling lottery tickets through the search of "lottery tickets" in Android and Apple mobile phone stores, but there are still many softwares that can buy lottery tickets. In the early days of the World Cup last year, many companies launched online lottery platforms again. Finally, many online football lottery platforms such as "Winning the lottery every day" and "Everyone Winning the lottery" stopped selling on June 20 last year.

　　reform

　　Standardize the management of welfare lottery issuance

　　The corruption case of Fucai Center exposed last year aroused social concern. On November 9, 2018, the website of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection published a heavy article: "Pay equal attention to reduction and suppression, treat both the symptoms and the root causes, rebuild the credibility of Fucai, and the discipline inspection and supervision team stationed in the Ministry of Civil Affairs will promote the formation of a good political ecology from typical cases", with more than 4,000 words, and released confession videos of four former leaders of China Welfare Lottery Issuance Management Center.

　　Statistics show that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, at least 14 people in the civil affairs system have been held accountable for issues related to welfare lottery. Fucai’s anti-corruption has a long time span and a wide range, and has become a case of systematic corruption. In addition to the four leading characters in the confession video published on the website of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, four members of the party group, including Li Liguo, former Minister of Civil Affairs, Dou Yupei, former head of the discipline inspection team in the Ministry, Qu Shuhui and Chen Chuanshu, former president of the China Aging Association, were held accountable.

　　After the corruption case of Welfare Lottery, the Ministry of Civil Affairs has improved the management system of welfare lottery issuance, sales, distribution and use of public welfare funds, such as changes in the internal institutions in charge of welfare lottery management.

　　According to the Regulations of the Ministry of Civil Affairs on Functional Allocation, Internal Organizations and Staffing, before the reform, the management of welfare lottery was in charge of the Department of Social Welfare and Charity Promotion; After the reform, the welfare lottery management has been refined, and the planning and finance department and the newly established charity promotion and social work department are in charge.

　　On July 29, the Ministry of Civil Affairs held a press conference, and the relevant person in charge introduced that there are three main reform directions in regulating the issuance and management of welfare lottery tickets. First, cooperate with the Ministry of Finance, comprehensively rectify the unauthorized use of the Internet to sell welfare lottery tickets, and comprehensively carry out self-examination and inspection of national welfare lottery institutions and consignment agents. Second, vigorously adjust the rules of the quick opening game of welfare lottery to resolve the market risks of welfare lottery. The third is to improve the welfare lottery issuance management system.

On August 9, 2023, Hangzhou Asian Games Organizing Committee released the sample design of paper tickets and electronic commemorative tickets for sports competitions.

The face design of paper tickets for Hangzhou Asian Games revolves around urban cultural connotation, interactive sharing among the whole people, sublimation of Asian Games theme, etc., based on the core graphic "Moist", with laurel yellow as the main color in the core color system "Light Makeup and Heavy Makeup", combined with the silhouette design of Hangzhou landmark attractions such as "Three Tans Printing the Moon" and various competition sports icons, through the cultural collision between history and modern times, it conveys the unique cultural charm of the host city and forms a unified vision with the image of Hangzhou Asian Games.

In order to appeal to the whole people to help the Green Asian Games, Hangzhou Asian Games recommended the use of electronic tickets. Users who purchase electronic tickets can sell tickets on the official website H5 page and the Smart Asian Games One-stop • The electronic commemorative tickets of the corresponding project are extracted from the ticket folder of the ticket service, and the exclusive ticket book is generated, which is convenient for collection, sharing and dissemination. Electronic commemorative tickets can be divided into four types: gold, silver, copper and general, and the winning proportions are 5%, 10%, 15% and 70% respectively. Electronic commemorative tickets and exclusive electronic ticket books are first used in comprehensive sports games held in China, which is a vivid embodiment of the concept of intelligent competition.

A variety of anti-counterfeiting technologies are adopted for the tickets of sports competitions in this Asian Games, which are easy to identify and difficult to copy. At the same time, the intelligent application of technologies such as Internet, big data and blockchain in ticket inspection and ticket anti-counterfeiting is used to provide the public with a new experience of intelligent ticketing. The ticketing blockchain is used to record every node of tickets from production to use. Ticket holders can trace the information through the two-dimensional code of tickets. Paper tickets can be viewed directly by scanning the code, and electronic tickets can be viewed by clicking on the ticket folder details page.

(Headquarters reporter Xia Zhou Jinjian Jiang Wei Liu Yi)

Q:What are the nutrition and health problems of Shanghai residents?

A:It is not eating too much, but the dietary structure is unreasonable, mainly because there are less plant foods (cereals/vegetables/fruits) and more animal foods (livestock and poultry meat); The proportion of fat in diet is high, and the energy provided by fat is 38.0%, which exceeds the recommended upper limit of 30%.

First, the problem of overweight and obesity is prominent. As far as diet is concerned, the problem is unreasonable dietary structure (more animal food/less plant food, high fat ratio).

The overweight and obesity rate of Shanghai residents is 44.1%, which is close to the average level of cities in the national nutrition monitoring results from 2010 to 2013 (the overweight and obesity rate of big cities in China is 47.8%). Shanghai residents don’t eat too much. The energy intake of Shanghai residents is lower than that of 10 years ago, which may be related to the change of lifestyle, people no longer engaged in manual labor, and the decrease of energy demand, as well as the trend of energy intake of people found in international and our country’s nutrition monitoring.

There are many factors that cause obesity. As far as dietary factors are concerned, the main problem of Shanghai residents is the unreasonable dietary structure. The traditional Chinese diet mainly takes plant food (cereal is the staple food), which is rich in dietary fiber, which is beneficial to prevent chronic diseases. However, current monitoring shows that the intake of animal food in residents’ diet greatly exceeds the recommended level, while the intake of cereal has dropped significantly in the past 10 years, and the intake of vegetables and fruits is insufficient. Such a dietary structure contains less dietary fiber, which is not conducive to the prevention of chronic diseases. At the same time, the absorption rate of different foods in the human body is different. The current dietary structure may increase the absorption rate of food, which may lead to the increase in the overweight and obesity rate of residents.

On the other hand, the monitoring also found that the percentage of energy provided by residents’ fat was 38.0%, which was close to the average level of big cities (37.2%) in the national nutrition monitoring results from 2010 to 2013. In the recommendation of Dietary Guidelines for China Residents, the percentage of energy provided by dietary fat does not exceed 30%, which has now exceeded the upper limit by a lot. Animal foods, especially livestock and poultry meat, contain more saturated fat. The monitoring results show that the intake of livestock and poultry meat in Shanghai residents’ animal foods exceeds the recommended 61%.

Second, suggestions on unreasonable dietary structure: increase plant food, reduce animal food, and replace some livestock and poultry meat with aquatic products.

1. Increase the intake of plant foods such as cereals, vegetables and fruits.

In view of the dietary nutrition problems found by monitoring, it is suggested that residents gradually improve their dietary structure and increase the intake of plant foods such as coarse grains, vegetables and fruits. Usually, people’s food intake in a day is relatively stable. If the intake of plant food increases, the intake of animal food will decrease accordingly.

It is worth noting that in the past 10 years, the grain intake has dropped significantly. At present, the grain intake of residents is 189.6g, which only reaches 69% of the recommended intake (the recommended intake is 200-300g, compared with 275g/2200kcal). It is suggested that residents should increase the intake of cereals, and at the same time, they should match the thickness, and pay attention to increasing whole grains and miscellaneous beans, because cereals with high processing precision will cause high blood sugar response. Rice can be eaten with whole grains (brown rice), miscellaneous grains (oats, millet, buckwheat, corn, etc.) and miscellaneous beans (red beans, mung beans, kidney beans, flower beans, etc.).

2. Reduce animal food, you can choose aquatic products to replace some livestock and poultry meat.

At the same time, it advocates food diversification. In view of the problem of excessive intake of livestock and poultry meat by Shanghai residents, it is recommended that residents can choose aquatic products to replace some livestock and poultry meat. Livestock and poultry meat contains saturated fat, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and tumors. Aquatic products contain unsaturated fat, which is beneficial to health.

Finally, it is recommended to choose at least 12 different foods every day to prevent the risk of chronic diseases caused by possible nutritional deficiency or excess.

Third, the rising trend of overweight and obesity among students has not been curbed, and sugary drinks are widely consumed. Excessive drinking of sugary drinks is one of the risk factors of overweight and obesity, so it is suggested that students should be controlled to drink sugary drinks.

There are many factors that cause overweight and obesity, except the unreasonable dietary structure mentioned just now. In addition, there are differences between primary and secondary school students and adults. This monitoring found that it is common for primary and secondary school students to drink sugary drinks. 74.6% primary and middle school students drink sugary drinks more than once a week, and 36.5% primary and middle school students often drink them. It is more common for high school students to drink sugary drinks, and 62.5% of them often drink them. There are also a few students who drink sugary drinks every day. 20.9% of primary and secondary school students drink sugary drinks more than once a day, and the proportion of high school students is even higher. There are 41.5% of high school students who drink sugary drinks more than once a day.

The Dietary Guidelines for China Residents (2016 Edition) recommends that children and adolescents prefer boiled water to sugary drinks every day. Drinking sugary drinks does not produce satiety, resulting in excessive intake of sugar and energy. According to literature reports, excessive intake of sugary drinks can easily lead to various diseases such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and blood lipid problems.

It is suggested that primary and secondary school students should be restricted from drinking sugary drinks, students should be encouraged not to drink sugary drinks, and extra sugar and energy intake should be reduced. Parents and school teachers should be aware of the influence of sugary drinks on children’s overweight and obesity. It is suggested that schools should encourage students not to bring sugary drinks into school, schools should not provide sugary drinks for sale, and widely carry out health knowledge propaganda on restricting sugary drinks in schools.

4. The intake of oil and salt in Shanghai has obviously decreased in recent 10 years, thanks to the measures to control oil and salt in Shanghai, but the current intake of oil and salt is still higher than the recommended level, and it is necessary to continue to strengthen intervention.

Our diet is mainly salty, and frying, frying and frying are common cooking methods. Excessive intake of cooking oil and salt in the diet is one of the important factors causing hyperlipidemia and hypertension. According to the monitoring results, the daily per capita intake of cooking oil and salt is 36.4g and 7.5g, respectively, which are 21% and 24% lower than the survey data 10 years ago, and 11% and 16% lower than the national average of big cities.

We compared the trend of oil and salt intake in Shanghai in recent 10 years, and found that it was obviously decreasing. At the same time, we also looked at the trend of oil and salt intake in urban areas of China in recent 10 years, but there was no obvious downward or upward trend, and it remained basically stable. This difference in trend should be attributed to the health education and intervention on oil and salt control led by the Shanghai Municipal Government in the past 10 years, such as the distribution of "salt control spoons" and "oil control pots" throughout the city in 2008 and 2009, so that the vast number of Shanghai residents can truly experience the quantitative concept of "eating less salt and putting less oil" and turn the traditional propaganda slogan into a reality for residents.

Residents’ intake of cooking oil and salt decreased obviously, thanks to various health education and intervention led by the Shanghai municipal government in the past 10 years, which is a good aspect. On the other hand, we should also see that the intake of oil and salt for eating at home is still higher than the recommended standard. The recommended daily intake of oil and salt is no more than 25 grams per day, and the current intake of cooking oil and salt for residents is still far from the recommended level. Measures to control oil and salt should continue to be strengthened.

5. At present, it is common for residents to eat out (61% residents eat out). In addition to traditional intervention in family cooking, institutions such as restaurants and canteens should be intervened in the future.

From the monitoring data, we also found that the current rate of residents eating out is 61%, which is much higher than the national rate of urban residents eating out of 42%. The people who eat out in Shanghai are mainly young people aged 15-44. People used to eat at home, but now they eat out more and more. We can also see from ourselves that prepackaged foods (that is, packaged food, such as cakes, bread, sausages, etc.) has become a new choice. The development of science and technology has made life more convenient, and the rise of new consumption methods such as take-away and online shopping has affected the traditional family cooking habits. These changes pose new challenges to traditional nutrition intervention strategies.

The monitoring also found that the sodium intake of Shanghai residents was 4927.2mg, which was nearly 1.5 times higher than the recommended level. Excessive intake of sodium is closely related to the increase of blood pressure and the occurrence of hypertension. At present, the sodium intake of residents through salt accounts for 3/5 of the total sodium intake. Besides salt, sodium comes from salty condiments (such as soy sauce, monosodium glutamate, etc.), semi-finished dishes, pickled products, snacks, etc. (common sweet preserves also contain a lot of sodium), and vegetables also contain a certain amount of sodium. In the past, we actively advocated reducing salt intake, which can reduce sodium intake. As mentioned just now, residents’ eating style has changed. More and more people eat out, and they choose more packaged foods. In order to control the intake of sodium, besides controlling the intake of salt, they also reasonably choose condiments, packaged foods and snacks containing sodium.

In the past, our intervention measures to control oil and salt covering the whole city have made great achievements, but the intake of oil and salt for residents to eat at home is still higher than the recommended level. For future intervention and publicity, we will continue to strengthen the implementation of intervention measures to control oil and salt. On the other hand, we will also keep pace with the times, not only to continue to publicize the knowledge of reasonable nutrition for residents, but also with the popularity of residents eating out. Centralized dining halls, restaurants, take-away service providers, and prepackaged foods enterprises will also be the key targets for nutrition promotion in the future, advocating the supply of catering and food with "reducing salt, limiting oil and reducing blood sugar", encouraging dining places to carry out nutrition propaganda, formulating easy-to-understand nutrition labels in prepackaged foods, and guiding residents to choose food reasonably.

In addition, it is recommended that everyone eat at home, adhere to the habit of cooking at home with less oil and salt, and at the same time, eating at home also promotes the emotional exchange and promotion of family members.

6. Insufficient calcium intake is common, and residents drink less milk every day. It is suggested that residents increase the frequency of drinking milk and increase the intake of soybeans and bean products.

Our traditional Chinese diet is mainly based on plant food, which is conducive to the prevention of chronic diseases, but it also has an obvious defect, lacking a good source of calcium. Milk is a good source of calcium, and Chinese diet does not contain milk. A good phenomenon found in this monitoring is that residents have the habit of drinking milk, 41.6% residents consume milk every day, and 71.4% students consume milk every day. However, 86.8% residents still have insufficient calcium intake. Milk supplements the calcium that is insufficient in daily diet. Calcium is an integral part of bones and teeth, and it is an important nutrient for physical growth and bone development. Calcium deficiency will affect normal growth and development and cause osteoporosis. The Dietary Guidelines for China Residents (2016 Edition) recommends that each person should take 800mg of calcium daily, and students in the growth stage need 1000-1200mg. Every 100ml of milk contains about 104mg of calcium. In addition to the calcium in daily diet, 300ml of milk is needed every day. At present, the monitoring results show that the daily milk intake is insufficient. The average daily milk intake of residents is 97ml, and that of primary and secondary school students is 150ml.

Encourage residents to increase the amount of milk they drink. If the single intake is small, they can increase the number of times they drink milk, improve the calcium intake level and ensure the normal demand of the body. People who are lactose intolerant can choose low lactose milk or yogurt. At the same time, soybeans or bean products are also a good source of calcium. The Dietary Guide for Residents in China recommends that they consume 25g soybeans or a considerable amount of bean products every day. At present, residents’ intake of soybeans and bean products is less than half of the recommended amount. It is suggested that residents increase their intake of soybeans or bean products.

According to the information of official website of the Central Institute of Socialism, Xu Shaogang, who was the director of the office of the Central Institute of Socialism before, has become a member of the party group and dean of the institute, ranking among the leaders of the institute.

Xu Shaogang, male, Han nationality, born in September 1971, Luoyang, Henan Province, joined the Party in April 1991, and joined the work in July 1991. He is a doctoral student majoring in Marxist philosophy at the Graduate School of the Central Party School.

He has served as the deputy director of the editorial department of Political Science Research in the Institute of Political Science of China Academy of Social Sciences, the deputy researcher of the comprehensive group of the research office of the Central Office, the deputy director-level cadre of the comprehensive group of the research office of the Central Office, the deputy inspector of the research office of the Central Office, and the deputy inspector of the supervision and inspection office of the Secretariat of the Central Office. In 2016, he was appointed as the standing Committee member and deputy mayor of Siping Municipal Committee of Jilin Province, and later served as the director of the office of the Central Institute of Socialism.

The Central Institute of Socialism is a United front political college led by the Communist Party of China (CPC), a joint party school of democratic parties and personages without party affiliation, the main front for United front personnel education and training, an important department to carry out the party’s United front work, and an important part of the party and state cadre education and training system.

It is worth mentioning that during his tenure in Siping, Xu Shaogang was reported by People’s Daily for dealing with the problem of "making the secretary of the municipal party committee and the mayor climb the window to go to work".

In 1980s and 1990s, Siping Scientific Research Institute was once the most productive institution and large taxpayer in the city, and it was "a good unit that many people tried to get in". Before the wage reform in 2001, the average monthly salary of scientific research institutes had reached more than 2,000 yuan, more than double that of government agencies. However, it is such a "fat as oil" scientific research unit. Due to the former "corrupt" successors of two presidents and a group of cadres, the solid financial resources were squandered in just 10 years, and the former "star enterprise" became a "rat nest" where corrupt elements swaggered through the city and bad style became popular.

Leadership corruption, family ruin, rampant unhealthy practices, and distracted people, the research institute finally fell into a situation of long-term suspension of production and shutdown, with a debt of more than 80 million yuan. By March 2016, the enterprise owed employees nearly 14 million yuan in social security fees and 700,000 yuan in medical insurance fees. The employees had not been paid for nine consecutive months, and even the funeral expenses could not be paid. Some employees can’t retire at retirement age because of social security debts …

The report mentioned that in order to "seek a way out", some employees began to petition. Ma Li, vice president of the Academy, told reporters that since 2010, petitions have been sporadic, and in 2012, large-scale group visits have appeared. On several occasions, even the municipal party committee and the municipal government were blocked for a long time. At that time, the secretary of the municipal party committee and the mayor could only jump in and out of the office on the first floor when going to work, and lunch was served with hanging baskets. By the beginning of 2016, petitioners had visited the city, the province and Beijing for nearly 400 times.

"We ran all over the relevant departments, but we were kicked around like a ball." Yu Fei, the head of the trade union of the Research Institute and the petition leader of that year, said, "In those days, we found the deputy mayor in charge, but said that another deputy mayor was in charge. When we found another deputy mayor, we said that we still had to find the deputy mayor in charge."

"This’ mess’ of the research institute must be solved!" At the beginning of 2016, the Siping Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government decided to hand over the Municipal Science and Technology Bureau to Xu Shaogang, who has just been appointed as the Standing Committee of the Municipal Party Committee and deputy mayor. Zhao Xiaojun, secretary of the municipal party Committee, said, "We consider that Comrade Shao Gang is a cadre on the job and has no intersection with Siping, so it is convenient to let go."

According to the report, Xu Shaogang plunged into the staff of the research institute. There are 132 employees in the research institute, except for more than 30 retired and temporary workers, more than 80 people have participated in petitions. In more than two months, Xu Shaogang interviewed 66 people face to face. He called all the petitioners’ phones, and then made appointments to talk in the office one after another. When there was not enough time during the day, he used holidays, and at the latest, he talked about it after 3 am. He said: "communist party cadres can’t be afraid to meet the masses!"

For many years, the visiting leaders in Siping City have always thought that people’s petition is to be fully staffed by public institutions, which is unreasonable at all, and there is no solution no matter how fierce it is. Through discussions and visits, Xu Shaogang found that the deep-seated reason is that corruption has wiped out the family of the enterprise, and the employees are angry in their hearts and can’t live any longer, so they stubbornly cling to the iron rice bowl. To solve the problems of scientific research institutes, we must first strictly manage the party in an all-round way, uncover the cover of corporate corruption cases and regain the trust of the masses!

The Siping Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection recorded a heavy blow against corruption, and immediately slammed into the corruption shady of the research institute: In May 2016, Dong Weidong, the former president who had been transferred for two years, was "double-regulated"; In August, Cheng Xiaomin, the former president, was placed on probation and dismissed from his post. All but one of the original teams of the Academy of Scientific Research were dismissed, and all middle-level cadres were dismissed. In September, the former director of the Science and Technology Bureau was transferred, and the head of the discipline inspection team stationed in the bureau was ordered to resign … "Double regulations" and transferred to the judiciary, four people were formally arrested, more than 10 people were dealt with by party discipline and discipline, and more than 10 million yuan of corruption and misappropriation funds were recovered.

Xu Shaogang said, "Strictly administering the Party in an all-round way is a systematic project. Combating corruption is only a’ stop loss’ and a’ break’. The key is to’ stand up’ and save the enterprise and let the employees live a better life again."

"It’s not easy to let a dead enterprise regain its vitality!" Cong Tienan, the head of the discipline inspection team of the Municipal Science and Technology Bureau and the head of the working group stationed in the research institute, recalled awkwardly, "In September 2016, Wang Zhidong, the new director of the Municipal Science and Technology Bureau, and I went to the research institute for a meeting on the first day, and we were ousted by the masses without saying a few words. At that time, the relationship between the cadres and the masses in the research institute had broken down, and no matter what the cadres said, the employees did not believe it. "

"The first time I met Mayor Xu, we didn’t trust him either." Yu Fei, Zhang Shouzhong, Chang Wen, Bai Minghui, Hao Qingfeng and Gao Hongjie, the petitioners of the Academy of Sciences in those days, all mentioned Xu Shaogang when they talked about the change of mentality: "Other leaders saw the petition and tried their best to hide and push it. Mayor Xu was not afraid. He took the initiative to talk to us, and it lasted for hours. Later, the city arrested and exempted the corrupt elements, and we really believed in him and the municipal party Committee. This is the cadre of communist party! "

According to the report, in order to help the research institute plug the growing debt hole and solve the problem of shortage of development funds, Xu Shaogang tried every means to coordinate all aspects, adjust the original obviously unreasonable seizure and deduction according to the law, and re-apply for mortgage loans. In order to lift the seizure of enterprise assets, Xu Shaogang offered to take his private car as collateral for creditors.

"Don’t say it’s a temporary cadre, it’s a working cadre. Who is not afraid of falling into the trap of the Academy and jumping out? However, the mayor of Shaogang dared to take responsibility and was not afraid of hitting hard. In order to plan the way out for the enterprise, he worked overtime day and night. Once on Sunday, he removed gastrointestinal polyps in the morning and went to the office to work overtime in the afternoon. With such a leader, we still have something to say. " On the evening of the announcement of his appointment, Cong Tienan checked into the office of the Academy with his bedclothes on his back and vowed: "I will never leave until the problem is solved."

Editor-in-Chief: Qin Hong

Author: The Paper

Text Editor: Yang Rong

Source of the title map: the creativity of the worm

Photo editor: Xiang Jianying