Changchun, Nov. 26 (Reporter Lu Shengnan) "China is rich in cultural landscape and magnificent natural scenery, which should be shared more." Li Jiameng, a Thai girl majoring in tourism management at Jilin International Studies University, said that after coming to China, she fell in love with the culture and beautiful scenery here. In the future, she would like to see more of this country and introduce what she saw, heard and learned to her friends.

　　“‘ What are you doing ’ It is the first China northeast dialect I learned, which I think is very fun. " Li Jiameng has a talent for languages. She passed the Chinese proficiency test in three years and successfully applied for a scholarship to study in China. At school, Li Jiameng registered a short video account to share her study and life experience in China. Beijing, Guangdong, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Yunnan … … Since 2023, Li Jiameng has been traveling all over China. She told reporters excitedly, "It’s the most unforgettable thing to take pictures in Hanfu in the Palace Museum."

　　Photo courtesy of respondents

　　Li Jiameng said that she is looking forward to tasting delicious food all over China. "Traveling not only enjoys the beautiful scenery of China, but also tastes the delicious food from all over the world." To this end, every time when designing a travel route, Li Jiameng is used to collecting more food information in advance, in addition to looking for a tour guide for local tourist attractions.

　　The profound traditional culture of China fascinated Li Jiameng. She experienced the Dragon Boat Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival at school, making dumplings, eating moon cakes and making rabbit lanterns … … All this is novel to this Thai girl. "China’s traditional culture is thick, elegant and so charming. I hope to know more."

　　In her spare time, Li Jiameng likes to walk out of school and take the subway or light rail to shuttle between cities. She admits that China’s public transportation is very developed, which is convenient and environmentally friendly. "During my travels in many cities, I was deeply impressed by the developed public transportation. The development of tourism is closely related to transportation. "

　　Li Jiameng is taking the subway. Photo by Lu Shengnan

　　Li Jiameng sings very well. Every time the school holds an activity, her singing is indispensable. She can almost sing melodious Chinese songs such as "You at the same table" and "Confession Balloon". Li Jiameng believes that singing Chinese songs is a way to learn Chinese better.

　　Changchun, Jilin has four distinct seasons. In a blink of an eye, autumn passed, and the fluttering snowflakes announced the arrival of winter. This winter is Li Jiameng’s first "freezing" winter, so she prepared a lot of winter clothes in advance, many of which were bought by teachers and classmates.

　　Li Jiameng said that she will not go back to Thailand this winter vacation, but will continue to stay in China to enjoy the winter fun. The snow season is coming soon, and Li Jiameng is very much looking forward to experiencing skiing. Li Jiameng said that she made a lot of strategies in advance, knowing that Jilin Province is located in the "golden latitude zone of ice and snow" and is rich in ice and snow resources. "I look forward to skiing and ice appreciation in this winter."

　　This year, Thailand has launched a series of promotional activities to attract more China tourists to Thailand. Li Jiameng believes that Thailand and China are both countries with very developed tourism, and frequent tourist exchanges between the two countries are mutually beneficial and win-win.

　　Li Jiameng is making rabbit lanterns. Photo by Lu Shengnan

　　"After the opening of the Sino-Thai Railway, the communication will be smoother." Li Jiameng said that his goal is to become a tour guide, taking tourists from Thailand and China to fully experience different natural landscapes and historical cultures. (End)

these two days

Do you have a cold wind and snowflakes rustling there?

Winter has arrived, and everything is hidden.

Flip through ancient books

Once again intoxicated with the beauty of ancient Chinese!

Everything in the world, vegetation falling, spring, summer, autumn and winter

All have unique and elegant names endowed by the ancients.

12 nicknames about winter

Meet twelve winter scenes in Linxia.

What kind of romantic collision will there be?

Let’s have a look!

The ancients took October of the lunar calendar as Meng Dong, November as Midwinter, and December as Ji Dong, and collectively referred to the three months as "three winters" to refer to winter.

There are 90 days in three months in winter, so winter is also called "Nine winters".

"Strict" has the meaning of "deep degree", so "severe winter" has become another generation of extremely cold winter.

Everything is depressed in winter, and it is cold between heaven and earth, so winter is also called "clear winter".

"Xuan" is black. In ancient times, the four directions were the four seasons, and the northern winter was black, so winter was also called "Xuandong".

"Poor" means nothing. Winter is the last season of the year, so it is called "poor winter".

In ancient times, spring and summer were sunny, autumn and winter were cloudy, and winter was the last season of the year, so it was called this.

"Sui Shu Records Fifteenth Astronomical Seven Obsidian" contains: "The sun travels eastward along the ecliptic, once a day and once a night, 365 days are strange and Sunday. Traveling to the east is called spring … Traveling to the north is called winter ".

Er Ya Shi Tian says, "Winter is Xuan Ying". Therefore, it is called winter by later generations.

Note: Xuan, color of winter, sequence, season. Use "Xuan Xu" to call winter people.

Source: The Book of Beginners, Volume III, quoted the Compilation of Emperor Liang Yuan of the Southern Dynasties: "Winter is called Xuan Ying … Festival is called Yan Festival."

The ancients had the so-called "three redundancies" in reading. The rest: in winter, after the year, in the night, after the day, and in rainy days. The winter reading in "spare time" is the best.

Source: Linxia Zhourong Media Center

Editor: Ren Li

Check: Zhang Haipeng.

Original title: "What kind of romantic collision will there be when the elegant name of winter meets the winter scenery of Linxia? 》

Read the original text

Karen Mok and his work partners have a reunion dinner and a big red envelope.

　　Karen Mok, who has just finished her work at hand and is going back to Europe to spend the Lunar New Year with her husband, recently hosted a group of hard-working colleagues in Hong Kong for a "reunion dinner" in advance to thank them for their support and help. Karen prepared a lot of seafood and restaurant specialties to greet everyone. The most delicious and popular is the traditional Hong Kong-style "bacon clay pot rice". For the first time, as a newly-married wife, Perry distributed red envelopes to every friend present, and specially selected three New Year ornaments as lucky draw gifts. Everyone was very happy and promised Karen that she would always support her in her career.　

　　Karen said that her working partners have been her pillars for many years. Without them, she would never have achieved what she is today. In 2012, she also has many plans to realize. First, the new album will be recorded at the end of February, which is very challenging and a very shocking project for her. However, Karen can’t disclose the details for the time being and will not announce it until the time is ripe. In addition, the Hollywood film Tai Chi Xia, which was filmed with Keanu Reeves, will also start shooting. She said that she is looking forward to this cooperation, and she should also start exercising recently to meet a series of work. However, she said that no matter how busy the work is, the time spent with her husband must be arranged. She has already agreed with her agent that she must not "exploit" her family fun time!　

Photo courtesy of TUNGSTAR, copyrighted pictures, refused to reprint.
　

　　Pan Mingfu (right) and his biological father Father Su Shilang (left) both have the handsome appearance of European men with straight noses and heavy eyebrows.

　　　　Lai Guihua, the mother who fell in love with the priest, was a beautiful woman in the tribe at that time, with a delicate face and a slender figure and a height of about 160 centimeters.

　　　　BEIJING, March 19 (Xinhua)-Pan Mingfu, the curly and tall principal of Wutan Primary School in Taiwu Township, Pingtung County, Taiwan, decided to unlock the heart lock for half a century. He said: "I am the crystallization of love between the Spanish priest Su Shilang who came to Taiwan to preach and Lai Guihua, a girl from Paiwan."

　　　　According to Taiwan Province’s United Daily News, The Thorn Birds, one of the top ten best-selling novels in the United States in the 1980s, described the story that Father Ralph fell in love with a woman Maggie and gave birth, and it was made into a movie. Pan Mingfu, 53, said that the plot of his life is more tortuous than that of The Thorn Birds.

　　　　Church priests can’t get married. In the remote mountainous area of Pingtung, the love story between Su Shilang and Lai Guihua not only touched church taboos, but also made it difficult to accommodate closed ethnic tribes.

　　　　"The times have become more open, and my life topic has to be lifted." Pan Mingfu told his life story yesterday. He opened his notebook and said that his biological father Su Shilang was a Catholic Dominican priest. He was only thirty-four years old when he was sent to Jiaping Village in Taiwu Township in 1953. According to records, Su Shilang was the first priest in Taiwan Province Mountain area.

　　　　The older local people still remember this priest: Su Shilang can speak fluent Minnan and Paiwan dialect. After a year of missionary work, she fell in love with Lai Guihua, a female missionary, and gave birth to Pan Mingfu privately in 1955, when Lai Guihua was only seventeen.

　　　　This love story violated the church precepts and shocked the Paiwan tribe. Zhang Xiuzhen, the eldest daughter of the big boss Liu Bihuang, recalled that at that time, through her grandmother Liu Chunmei, she secretly resolved the local dissatisfaction with the authority of the big boss and arranged for Lai Guihua to marry Pan Keji, the then leader.

　　　　Lai Guihua married Pan Mingfu, who was about two or three years old, and suppressed this relationship until she died. Their stories still secretly spread mysterious and beautiful colors; It’s just that the people don’t want to touch the sad past of the parties and avoid talking about it.

　　　　Su Shilang later left Taiwu Township and went to Majia, Laiyi and other mountainous areas to preach. Until Pan Mingfu was eleven years old, Su Shilang could not resist the pressure of tribes and churches, and left Taiwan and returned to Spain. Later, he was sent to Argentina again. In 1985, he died in a foreign land, and Taiwan Province, the father and son, never met again.

　　　　Su Shilang once wrote a letter to Pan Mingfu from Argentina, writing in Latin, and he asked the staff to assist in translation. "Although I don’t know much about it, I believe that many feelings between father and son should be hidden between sentences." His mother and adoptive father died one after another more than ten years ago, and the mystery of his life has been hidden to this day.

Editor: Wang Yuxi

Original Swagpp mace medicine

Tea and coffee are two of the most widely consumed beverages in the world-

Tea is the second largest beverage in the world after water. About 3 billion people in the world like to drink tea, and basically one in every three people likes to drink tea. How much do you like coffee? According to the statistics of Science, the world consumes an average of 2.25 billion cups of coffee every day, and the cups can simply circle the earth 7.5 times!

Tea containing caffeine, catechin polyphenols and flavonoids has neuroprotective effects, and has the effects of anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis. Coffee contains caffeine, which is also a rich source of antioxidants and bioactive compounds. Compared with milk tea, fruit juice, sugary drinks and so on, coffee and tea have naturally become the public’s first choice.

For working "dogs", having coffee and afternoon tea in the morning is really for "continuing life". But have you ever thought that while refreshing your mind, maybe coffee and tea are really helping you continue your life!

The latest research on West China of Sichuan University;

Drink 3 cups of tea or 6-8g of tea every day.

The anti-aging effect is the most obvious.

Tea contains a variety of bioactive substances, among which tea polyphenols are the most concerned. Previous studies have shown that tea polyphenols have anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, inhibiting cell apoptosis and regulating epigenetic changes, thus delaying the occurrence of aging. At the same time, animal experiments show that flavonoids and polyphenols rich in tea can prolong the life of worms, fruit flies and mice.

So, can people who drink more tea live longer?

Recently, a research team from West China School of Public Health of Sichuan University found that moderate tea drinking can delay the growth of human biological age. Among them, drinking about 3 cups of tea a day, or 6-8g of tea, has a particularly obvious anti-aging effect. The research was published in Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific, a sub-journal of The Lancet.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100955

The researchers recruited 7931 participants from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) and 5998 participants from the longitudinal cohort of the British Biological Database (UKB), and estimated their biological ages (BA) by using composite biomarkers and Klemera Doubal method (KDM).

What is the concept of KDM-BA acceleration? The multivariable adjustment model shows that the death risk will increase by 56% every year when the acceleration of KDM-BA increases. In addition, KDM-BA acceleration has a good performance in predicting most elderly-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and weakness.

There are many kinds of tea covered in this survey, including green tea, scented tea, black tea, sweet tea, black tea, oolong tea, yellow tea and white tea. According to different frequency of drinking tea, participants were divided into three groups: no drinking at present, 1-2 days/week, 3-5 days/week and almost every day. And according to every 200ml as a standard cup, the daily tea consumption of participants was calculated.

What is very innovative is that when people in China drink tea, it is often in bulk rather than in bags. Therefore, the researchers specially measured the amount of tea (in grams) when collecting data.

Research flow chart

In the whole queue, participants who insisted on drinking tea had a lower aging rate.

Specifically, compared with those who never drink tea, participants who change from drinking tea to drinking tea and insist on drinking tea have a slower increase in KDM-BA acceleration, which is simply "aging more slowly".

It was observed in the CMEC cohort that participants who changed from drinking tea to drinking tea had lower KDM-BA acceleration (β = ?0.319, 95% CI: ?0.620 to 0.017) than those who had no habit of drinking tea.

On the other hand, compared with those who have always had the habit of drinking tea, the acceleration of KDM-BA of participants who changed from drinking tea to not drinking tea increased more, that is, they aged faster.

According to the basic information collected, most of the participants who insist on drinking tea are men, who love drinking more and will maintain healthier eating habits. In addition, these participants are less likely to suffer from insomnia, depression and anxiety, especially in CMEC.

Basic information of participants

In order to get more practical conclusions, the researchers evaluated the prospective exposure-response relationship between tea drinking and biological age. Restricted cubic spline shows that with the increase of daily tea consumption, the curve of KDM-BA acceleration decreases continuously until 3 cups/day tends to be flat.

In other words, compared with those who don’t drink tea, participants who insist on drinking 2-3 cups of tea every day have the lowest KDM-BA acceleration. When the amount of tea leaves is taken as the exposure of CMEC, drinking 6-8g of tea leaves every day shows the strongest correlation, that is, the aging speed is the lowest at this time.

Correlation between tea consumption and KDM-BA acceleration

To sum up, there is a close relationship between drinking tea and the decline of biological aging acceleration measured by KDM-BA-the dose-response relationship shows that drinking 3 cups of tea or 6-8g of tea every day can maximize the anti-aging benefits.

It’s the first time that a study has made it so intimate that the grams of tea should be used every day! Why don’t you drink up? !

Drink 0.5-3 cups of coffee every day.

All-cause mortality fell by 12%

But instant coffee is really not good …

The benefits of coffee need not be said. In addition to refreshing, drinking coffee regularly is beneficial to reduce the risk of cancer and type 2 diabetes, control weight, improve depression, and prevent Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Not only that, recent studies have shown that coffee can also reduce the risk of death, thus prolonging life!

A study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology points out that drinking 0.5-3 cups of coffee a day is related to a 12% decrease in all-cause mortality and a 17% decrease in cardiovascular mortality. Compared with people who don’t drink coffee, coffee stars have better cardiovascular health; But the benefits are decaffeinated coffee and ground coffee, and have nothing to do with instant coffee … …

doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwac008

The study recruited 468,629 volunteers from British Biobank. These volunteers had no previous history of cardiovascular diseases, with an average age of 56.2 8.1 years, accounting for 44.2% of men, and the average follow-up period was 11(10-12) years.

Among nearly 470,000 volunteers, 22.1% have no habit of drinking coffee, 58.4% drink 0.5-3 cups of coffee every day on average, and 19.5% drink more than 3 cups of coffee every day on average.

The analysis of multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model shows that compared with people who don’t drink coffee, people who drink 0.5-3 cups of coffee a day have a 12% reduction in all-cause death risk; The risk of cardiovascular death decreased by 17%, and the risk of stroke decreased by 21%.

However, people who drink more than three cups of coffee a day have no obvious improvement compared with those who have no coffee habit. In other words, although drinking coffee often is good for health, it is not the more the better. 0.5-3 cups a day is the best dose of coffee for life.

Relationship between coffee consumption and death risk

Next, the highlight of this study came-the researchers deliberately distinguished the health effects of different types of coffee.

Of all the volunteers who drink coffee, 19.5% are used to drinking decaffeinated coffee, 23.3% are used to drinking ground coffee and 55.1% are used to drinking instant coffee. After adjusting for possible confounding factors, the researchers found that compared with people who don’t drink coffee:

People who drink 0.5-3 cups of coffee every day have a 16% reduction in all-cause death risk (P = 0.001).

The risk of all-cause death decreased by 17% when drinking more than 3 cups of coffee every day (P = 0.022).

0.5-3 cups of ground coffee per day reduced the risk of all-cause death by 25% and cardiovascular death by 25% (P < 0.001).

What is even more shocking is that drinking more than 3 cups of ground coffee a day is associated with a 49% reduction in the risk of cardiovascular death (P=0.008)!

Compared with people who don’t drink coffee, many cardiac function parameters of volunteers who drink coffee without reason and ground coffee are improved. Unfortunately, the researchers found no evidence that drinking instant coffee for a long time can improve cardiovascular health.

The reason why different kinds of coffee have different health effects may be that they have gone through different processing processes and contain different chemical components. For example, although decaffeinated coffee does not contain caffeine, drinking decaffeinated coffee also helps to improve cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of death, indicating that other coffee ingredients besides caffeine are also beneficial to health.

To sum up, this study confirmed that 0.5-3 cups of coffee a day is helpful to improve cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of cardiovascular death and all-cause death. If possible, you can choose decaffeinated coffee and ground coffee!

Coffee+tea doubles the effect.

Drink enough of this amount

The risk of death is reduced by 22%

For most people, drinking tea or coffee is not a single thing, but both. So, what kind of sparks will tea and coffee collide?

Scholars from Tianjin Medical University have answered this long-standing question. They found that drinking coffee and tea in moderation every day can reduce the risk of death. Compared with people who don’t drink coffee or tea, participants who drink 2-4 cups of tea and < 1-2 cups of coffee a day have a lower risk of all-cause death, cardiovascular disease death and respiratory disease death.

(Source: BMC Medicine)

Using longitudinal cohort data of nearly 500,000 people from British Biobank, this study analyzed the relationship between coffee and tea drinking alone or in combination and total mortality and specific cause mortality (including cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and digestive diseases).

First, the researchers investigated the relationship between drinking only coffee or tea every day and mortality. Surprisingly, only drinking coffee or tea has a nonlinear relationship with mortality. Among them, there is a J-type correlation between drinking only coffee and all-cause, cardiovascular disease and respiratory disease mortality, while drinking only tea is an anti-J-type correlation between all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality; There is a consistent anti-J correlation between drinking only coffee or tea and mortality of digestive diseases.

Specifically, drinking 1 cup of coffee or 3 cups of tea a day has the lowest risk of all-cause death, while drinking about 5 cups of coffee or 6 cups of tea a day has the lowest risk of death from digestive diseases.

* Xiaobian Google learned that the UK 1 cup=250 mL.

Correlation curve between drinking coffee or tea and all-cause mortality and specific cause mortality

(Source: BMC Medicine)

Then, the author further quantified the relationship between the consumption of coffee and tea and the mortality rate. Participants were divided into two groups according to their coffee intake (none, < 1~2, 3~4 and ≥5 cups/day) and tea intake (none, < 1~1, 2~4 and ≥5 cups/day), and their all-cause mortality and specific cause mortality were counted.

The analysis results show that compared with participants with different drinking amounts in the same group, participants who drink 2-4 cups of tea or < 1-2 cups of coffee every day have the lowest mortality rate from all causes, cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases.

All-cause mortality drinking coffee or tea (Source: BMC Medicine)

Great, it seems that the benefits of drinking coffee or tea are double-edged, which can actually reduce the mortality rate! Coffee star people and tea star people expressed great satisfaction. Not only that, the researchers also "humanized" the friends who love "the combination of Chinese and western" and analyzed the joint drinking of coffee and tea.

So, is drinking coffee and tea together a "happy takeoff" or a "full of harm"?

Surprisingly, the results show that there is a significant interaction between the co-drinking of coffee and tea and all-cause mortality. For those who drink a little coffee every day, the all-cause mortality increases with the increase of tea intake, but for those who drink a lot of coffee every day, the relationship is U-shaped. However, for people who drink tea every day, no matter how much they drink, the increase of their coffee intake is related to all-cause mortality in a U-shape.

Drinking coffee and tea is combined with all-cause and specific-cause mortality.

(Source: BMC Medicine)

As a result, the researcher draws a data conclusion that can make the majority of migrant workers "ecstatic": compared with those who don’t drink coffee and tea, drinking < 1~2 cups of coffee +2~4 cups of tea every day can reduce people’s risk of all-cause death by 22%, CVD risk by 24% and respiratory disease death risk by 31%!

So, everyone here, warm winter, would you choose poetic tea or romantic coffee? Let’s drink both together!

References:

[1]Simon J, Fung K, Raisi-Estabragh Z, et al. Light to moderate coffee consumption is associated with lower risk of death: a UK Biobank study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2022; 29(6):982-991. doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwac008

[2]Xiang Y, Xu H, Chen H, Tang D, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wang Z, Yangla, Han M, Yin J, Xiao X, Zhao X. Tea consumption and attenuation of biological aging: a longitudinal analysis from two cohort studies. Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2023 Nov 22; 42:100955. doi: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100955. PMID: 38075587; PMCID: PMC10700389.

[3] Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Yang H, Wang Y. Consumption of coffee and tea with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a prospective cohort study. BMC Med. 2022 Nov 18; 20(1):449. doi: 10.1186/s12916-022-02636-2. PMID: 36397104; PMCID: PMC9673438.

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Original title: "Coffee+tea lasts longer! The latest in West China of Sichuan University: Drinking 3 cups of tea every day has the best anti-aging effect! The risk of death from drinking coffee decreases by 22%.

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　　Click the "blue word" above to learn more first-hand information about the industry.

　　On December 15th, Liang Yuxia, Secretary of the Association, Ma Renhong, Executive President, and Ye Suping, General Manager of Guangdong Jinze Investment Group, Vice President, and others went to Yunnan Department of Commerce for business docking and exchange. Yin Yonglin, the second-level inspector of the Department of Commerce, and leaders of Modern Logistics Industry Department, Exhibition Economy Department, Market System Construction Department, Business Service Department and ASEAN Department attended the meeting.

　　The two sides conducted in-depth exchanges on the deployment of Yunnan’s docking with Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area next year, the development and construction of a two-way logistics channel between Guangdong market and Yunnan market, the entry of beef cattle from Laos and Myanmar and Yunnan into Guangdong market, and the recommended products from Yunnan during the 2024 Expo.

　　At the meeting, the two sides exchanged views on the application of "Air Smart Express" in Yunnan, which was highly recognized by everyone. They agreed that "Air Smart Express" is an effective way to solve the difficulties faced by the last mile logistics in mountainous areas of Yunnan, and will arrange an on-site inspection as soon as possible to study the promotion of the project.

　　At the same time, a serious docking and research was carried out around the beef cattle industry and the 2024 Expo.

　　Yunnan Province is the source province of "Western Cuisine Moving to the East" and "Yunnan Cuisine Entering Guangdong". At the same time, as the bridgehead area connecting "the belt and road initiative" with "Lan-Mei Region", its advantages in agricultural products and geographical location are particularly prominent. The two sides believe that through the platform of the association, we will speed up the close docking of the two markets and jointly promote the high-quality development of the regional economy in Yunnan and Guangdong provinces.

　　Li Wenjie, director of Yunnan Rongwan Professional Committee of the Association, attended the meeting.

　　The French economy grew nearly zero in the first quarter of this year, and unexpectedly increased by 0.6% in the second quarter. However, this was partly due to the strong rebound in exports caused by the delivery of a cruise ship worth over 1 billion euros, with a negative growth of 0.1% in the third quarter. In the fourth quarter, all economic engines stagnated. The Bank of France predicted a growth of 0.1%, the French National Bureau of Statistics predicted a zero growth, and institutions did not rule out the possibility of negative growth. The consensus of all institutions is that the French economy will achieve at most a low growth rate in the first half of next year, regardless of whether it escapes the technical recession at the end of the year.

　　The OECD has lowered France’s economic growth forecast for this year and next to 0.9% and 0.8%. In fact, the world economy has experienced shocks again and again, and the euro zone economy as a whole is weak. Since July 2022, the European Central Bank has continuously raised interest rates. Although it has pulled the euro zone out of the inflation quagmire, it has suppressed consumption and investment, and many countries’ economies have been sluggish or even declining. The European Central Bank stopped raising interest rates in October this year, but the impact of monetary tightening on economic activities is lagging behind, and its comprehensive impact will appear next year.

　　The more unfavorable factor than other economies in the euro zone is that according to the relevant data of Eurostat, the inflation rate in France was 3.8% in November 2023, while the average level in the euro zone has dropped to 2.4%. In 2022, France performed the best in controlling inflation in the euro zone, mainly because the government "protected purchasing power at all costs", and spent huge public expenditures to freeze natural gas prices and electricity prices, issue energy checks to poor families, and provide inflation subsidies to income earners. Nowadays, international oil prices tend to be stable, natural gas and electricity prices are falling, and energy prices in Europe are falling year-on-year. In France, with the gradual cancellation of measures to protect purchasing power, energy prices are rising year-on-year. The good news is that the French National Bureau of Statistics predicts that food prices in France will drop sharply in the coming months.

　　Another unfavorable factor is the reversal of the unemployment rate decline curve. The unemployment rate in France gradually decreased from the high of 9.5% in 2017 to 7.1% in early 2023, and then rose to 7.2% in the second quarter and 7.4% in the third quarter. The French National Bureau of Statistics predicts that the employment slowdown will continue in the next few quarters. Analysts pointed out that this is of course caused by the weak economic prospects, but also because the previous rescue measures of "guaranteeing enterprises and ensuring employment" have been stopped, and the "short-term negative effect" of pension reform has been added: since September 2023, the retirement age in France has been delayed, and the working population base has increased accordingly.

　　The budget deficit is too high and the public debt is too heavy, which has endangered France’s sovereign credit rating. Rising interest rates, weak growth and weak employment are likely to put pressure on tax revenue and lead to further deterioration of public finances. The French government has repeatedly promised to reduce the budget deficit to less than 3% of GDP by 2027. Therefore, public expenditure must be cut, which means that in the short term, it is difficult for the government to make a difference in purchasing power, wages, housing, immigration and other issues that people are most concerned about.

　　The French National Bureau of Statistics predicts that consumption and investment will continue to be affected by the monetary tightening policy in the first half of next year, especially in the construction industry. However, thanks to the further easing of inflation and the global economic recovery, the French economy may grow slightly, reaching about 0.5% by the middle of next year. Inflation in France will also drop to 2.6% by the end of June next year, and the core inflation rate will drop to 2%. However, the agency stressed that "all forecasts are full of uncertainty", especially the geopolitical factors and the uncertainty of the central bank’s monetary policy decision.

　　However, the French government maintains the growth target of 1% this year and 1.4% next year, and reiterates that it will continue to promote reforms under the framework of the "2030 Investment Plan", focusing on improving productivity and competitiveness. On December 10th, President Macron made a special trip to the Airbus headquarters in Toulouse to make a phased summary of the achievements of "France 2030" since its implementation for more than two years in the birthplace of the French industrial success story. He announced that "France 2030" aims to achieve three goals-obtaining industrial and technological autonomy, achieving full employment and fulfilling climate commitments. In 2024, the government will introduce more measures to ensure that French re-industrialization and innovation investment "accelerate, accelerate and accelerate".