With Hellbing helping Syria score a goal against India, China’s trip to the Asian Cup officially came to an end. Ranked third in a group that is not strong in overall strength, and third in the group with the worst performance among the six groups, China team has faded out of the top 16 in Asia.

　　The Asian Cup is just a microcosm. In recent years, China’s national teams of all ages have been absent from various world competitions and are struggling in Asian competitions. In the upcoming U23 Asian Cup and Olympic qualifiers, China was even placed in the fourth team.We have to admit that the China men’s soccer team has now become a third-rate team in Asia.

　　Look at the present: the building has fallen from bad to worse.

　　In three group matches, two draws and one loss, one goal failed, and the group was third out, setting a new record for the national football team to participate in the Asian Cup.In this Asian Cup, the problems began to appear from the first match against Tajikistan. In jankovic’s tactics, offense and defense are two different positions. Such tactics are not uncommon in today’s football world, but such real-time position switching requires players’ certain tactical literacy and athletic ability as a guarantee. But it turns out that in today’s China team, many people don’t have this ability.The accuracy of passing the ball is not enough, and the change of ball rights is constantly appearing, which makes this formation change more frequent, which makes the players with insufficient ability more and more exhausted. The loss of power in midfield and the loopholes in defense are the direct results of the mismatch between tactics and players’ abilities.

　　Jankovic tried to solve the problem by changing the array. In the match against Lebanon, jankovic first introduced the 532 formation. But at the beginning of the big list, it seems that it was not selected according to the formation of the five defenders. Such a temporary change is tantamount to robbing Peter to pay Paul, which makes up for the original loopholes to some extent, but it also brings new problems, which is not conducive to the players to play their best level on the court.

　　In the first 45 minutes of the final round against Qatar, the national football team played the best half game of this Asian Cup, but still failed to score. This inevitably reminds people of the last round of the Asian World Cup qualifiers in 2017. In the case of last stand, Qatar, which had no pressure and sent a large number of non-main players, took the lead in the first half but lacked the skills to score.

　　But the difference is that Qatar at that time was a team that failed to qualify at the bottom of the group and even had few home audiences. Now they have transformed themselves into defending champions who qualified early. The identity change between China and Qatar is also a microcosm of the overall development of Asian football in recent years. As Wei Shihao said after the third game,China’s men’s soccer team has fallen behind in all directions, Asian teams are making progress, and we are standing still.

　　Recalling the past: Rome wasn’t built in a day.

　　Looking at the top scorer list of the Super League in 2023, there are only two domestic players, Lei Wu and Tan Long, and only Wang Ziming and Daniel F. Akerson are in the top 20, and the rest are occupied by foreign aid.Over the years, many domestic players have formed the habit of giving the ball to foreign aid in the middle and front court to solve the problem.Once this dependence is formed, over time, they also lose their sense of smell for finding flaws and their spirit of attacking the city and pulling out the village.

　　A few years ago, the Super League and even China A introduced strong foreign aid crazily, and the ball market was hot. The Guangzhou team also won two AFC Champions trophies.However, the false prosperity of football manufacturing in Jinyuan is not sustainable after all. In recent seasons, we have witnessed the demise of one old club after another.And these bubbles are reflected in the national team level, that is, the World Cup, the Asian Cup and other major competitions, without exception, do not end in disappointing results.

　　This is just the tip of the iceberg of the problems existing in the development of China football over the years. According to industry insiders,China’s football development plan has long been out of touch with international advanced concepts, and this disconnection has even lasted for 20 years.For example, the selection, training and competition of high-level players, etc., only when these contents are carried out in the case of high confrontation can ensure that players can adapt to the high-level game rhythm in major events.

　　It’s not that the Football Association didn’t learn advanced cases in the past, but it only learned the surface and the fur. For example, the implementation of the U23 policy is nothing more than driving ducks to the shelves and pushing players who are not capable of competing on such a stage to the stadium, which has created one joke after another with extremely short playing time. Correspondingly,The average age of the national football team is in this Asian Cup.24Ranked the second highest among the participating teams.There are old faces on the court, but few future stars and fresh blood.

　　It’s not that the Football Association hasn’t tried to remedy it, but it’s a temporary solution rather than a permanent cure. At the end of 2018, the national football team set off a wave of naturalization, but five years later, among this group of naturalized players, only Jiang Guangtai participated in this Asian Cup. Besides, there are only a handful of people who are still active in China football. They are destined to be passers-by in China’s football history. They came in a hurry and left in a hurry, but failed to lead the national football team to the World Cup or kill the quartet in the Asian Cup as expected.

　　After all,The meaning of domestication itself is to complete the puzzle, or to add icing on the cake, rather than taking them as the framework and cornerstone, otherwise it will be putting the cart before the horse.Naturally, we should not hope that the appearance of these naturalized players will make the national football team completely turn over.

　　As early as 2015, at the 10th meeting of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform, the Overall Plan for Football Reform and Development in China (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") was reviewed and approved. It puts forward a "three-step strategy" for the development of football in China, that is, the short-term goal of "straightening out the football management system, formulating the medium-and long-term development plan of football and innovating the football management model with China characteristics", and the medium-term goal of "realizing a substantial increase in the youth football population, reaching the first-class level in Asia in the organization and competition of professional leagues, leading the national men’s soccer team in Asia, and returning the women’s soccer team to the ranks of the world’s top teams", and "enabling China to successfully bid for the World Cup, and the men’s soccer

　　But nearly nine years later, we are getting farther and farther away from this goal. In this regard,China Football Association has an unshirkable responsibility. Over the years, the overall design of China Football Association has been problematic from the top of the pyramid.,The separation of management and operation required by the "Program" has not been implemented.Some "moths" are even more selfish, ruthlessly trampling on the efforts of countless footballers day and night. Nowadays, the competitiveness of the league is declining, the clubs are tottering, and there is no successor to the national team … … All this is the result of years of accumulated evil.

　　Seek the future: the past is not admonished, and the future can be pursued.

　　The emergence of every football giant is not made out of nothing and achieved overnight, but has a process from zero to one and from weak to strong. What is done is done, and what happened in the past cannot be changed; But there are still countless possibilities for China football in the future.

　　If we want to develop healthily for a long time, we should rely on our own hematopoietic capacity.Youth training may be the only way out.The "Program" included football in the teaching content of physical education class in primary and secondary schools around the country, and the proportion of class hours increased.But until today, China’s "integration of sports and education" has failed to find that balance point, and the ideal "equal emphasis on learning and training" will inevitably lead to a "learning and training dilemma".

　　Today, our countrytwelveThere are quite a few football people under the age of 18, but many children are under the pressure of further studies.twelveAway from football at the age of 18.Even then they had made their mark on the pitch.How to make more children appear on the football field more permanently is an urgent problem to be solved in the integration of sports and education.

　　The appearance of every star is accidental, and it is by no means accidental. They are born with extraordinary talents, or they are successful step by step, but all of them are under a sound system, Bole’s discerning eyes know pearls, or the waves of the years wash sand. It is an inevitable process that quantitative change leads to qualitative change. No one can be destined to become a star at the age of 12, but "retiring at the age of 12" is doomed to be a star.

　　To change, we must start from youth training and start from the grassroots.Those grass-roots football seems to be far away from the profession and the national team, but this is the foundation for the survival and development of a national football. Only by truly sinking the focus of football development from the top league to the grass roots, exploring the football system suitable for our country, and establishing the path from school to club, from youth training to occupation, can China football develop continuously and gradually move towards a bright future.

　　At present, the first task is to make fundamental changes. All changes have painful periods,Some insiders believe that,The lowest point of China football may be in the future, so we should be prepared that it will be difficult for the national team to achieve excellent results for a long time to come.What China football needs now is to consolidate the foundation of the "football pyramid" seriously, to adjust its direction, to persist in the right path, not to toss about, not to be eager for quick success, to follow the objective laws of football and to move forward steadily.

After the first two railway interruptions, rescue workers rescued in the tunnel.

The railway at the tunnel entrance was buried.

Rock mass collapse site on 14th.

　　At about 12: 44 noon on August 14th, tens of thousands of high rock masses suddenly collapsed between Lianghong and Aidai Station in chengdu-kunming railway, Ganluo County, Liangshan Prefecture, and the line was interrupted again, which led to the loss of some rescue workers on site. The exact number is being verified.

　　Since the end of July, chengdu-kunming railway has been interrupted for three times due to heavy rainfall, and the Ganluo section of the line has been in the emergency recovery stage for half a month. According to the announcement of the railway department, the passenger train from Chengdu to Xichang will be suspended until August 30.

　　During the interruption of chengdu-kunming railway, in order to ensure passengers’ travel, the railway department tried every means to tap the transportation capacity, reconnected the EMU from Chengdu East to Kunming South, and added ordinary passenger trains from Xichang to Panzhihua and Kunming, so as to facilitate passengers’ travel along the route to the greatest extent.

　　Live video display

　　A lot of earth and stone poured down from the railway.

　　A tunnel entrance railway was buried.

　　After the disaster, the railway department immediately launched a level I response, quickly organized forces, and worked with local firefighters to fully carry out rescue. At present, the collapse of the mountain continues, which has a great impact on the rescue work. The collapse caused the catenary to trip, the communication optical cable was interrupted, the railway line was buried about 70 meters, and the line was pushed about 20 meters.

　　According to on-site rescuers, the place where the collapse occurred was near the area where the Chengdu-Kunming line was blocked by mudslides on July 29. It can be seen from the video taken at the scene that when the disaster occurred, a large number of earth and stone poured down from the mountain next to the railway, and smoke and dust rolled. After the collapse stopped, a large number of stones piled up at a tunnel entrance and buried the railway.

　　At present, the rescue work for people who lost contact is in progress, and the Provincial Emergency Management Department has mobilized rescue forces such as the fire rescue team and the Ganluo Mine Rescue Team to carry out personnel search and rescue at the disaster site. At the same time, Liangshan Fire Brigade and Yingjing Mine Rescue Team also rushed to the scene to reinforce.

　　Travel has little impact.

　　Reconnect Chengdu East to Kunming South EMU

　　Maximize the convenience for passengers to travel.

　　Chengdu-kunming railway is interrupted, with the greatest impact on the Chengdu-Xichang section. According to the railway department’s notification, the suspension will last until August 30th. However, during the suspension of railway passenger transport, roads and routes are still operating normally.

　　"In fact, it doesn’t affect me much, because I can still take the bus." Miss Li is from Xichang and currently works in Chengdu. She told reporters that after the opening of the high-speed bus from Chengdu to Xichang, there will be fewer trains, mainly because the train time is relatively long, which takes eight or nine hours at a time, while it only takes six hours if the car is not in traffic jam.

　　In addition, in order to ensure the travel needs of passengers from Chengdu and Xichang to Kunming, China Railway Chengdu Bureau Group Co., Ltd. reconnected Chengdu East to Kunming South EMU and added ordinary passenger trains from Xichang to Panzhihua and Kunming to maximize the convenience of passengers traveling along the route.

　　At present, there are 5 pairs of emus from Chengdu East to Kunming Nankai, and the emus take Chongqing and Guizhou to Kunming South Station. The whole journey takes 5 to 6 hours, and there are still tickets left. There are 3 pairs of ordinary passenger trains from Xichang to Panzhihua, and 1 pair of ordinary passenger trains from Xichang to Kunming.

　　The freight was not completely interrupted

　　Start the freight train after each rush.

　　Products along the line can be shipped out quickly.

　　Chengdu-kunming railway is a national railway I-class passenger and freight co-line railway connecting Sichuan and Yunnan in China. One of its important influences is to change the long-term isolation of ethnic minority areas in the deep southwest, transport local products to the whole country and even the rest of the world, and promote local economic development. Take Yuanmou County, Yunnan Province as an example, vegetables are not only supplied to Kunming and Chengdu, but also sold well in more than 150 large and medium-sized cities in China. Every year, more than 30,000 tons of onions, tomatoes, kidney beans and chives are exported to South Korea, Japan, Russia, the United States, the European Union and Southeast Asian countries through chengdu-kunming railway through entrepot trade.

　　On July 29th and August 4th, chengdu-kunming railway was interrupted twice due to the continuous rainstorm. Although passenger trains were not opened immediately after the rush, freight trains resumed operation immediately. Therefore, the interruption of chengdu-kunming railway did not completely interrupt the freight along the route.

　　Why is it interrupted frequently?

　　The terrain along the line is steep and prone to geological disasters.

　　The rain has been interrupted three times recently.

　　In fact, as early as the early 1950s, when chengdu-kunming railway was built, the areas along the line were called "railway forbidden zones" by foreign experts, and it was long considered as an impossible place to build railways. The whole line runs through mountains and valleys with steep terrain, diverse topography and complicated geology, and passes through rugged and steep mountains and hills with towering peaks and dense deep streams. The area where the line passes is called "open-air geological museum".

　　According to the forecast of Meteorological Observatory and the analysis of Sichuan Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters, there has been continuous heavy rainfall in Liangshan area where chengdu-kunming railway mainly passes recently, and some small and medium-sized rivers may have obvious flood process and exceed the warning water level, and local heavy rainfall is easy to cause mountain torrents and mudslides. In particular, the slope of Niuri River on the left side of the disaster-stricken area collapsed seriously, and many weirs in the river channel have not been alleviated. The slope surface washed by debris flow in some sections is still extremely unstable, and rainfall is prone to collapse, and even mudslides and cut slopes collapse again, which is also the reason why chengdu-kunming railway has been interrupted many times recently.

　　First interruption: July 29th.

　　At about 11: 00 on July 29th, floods and landslides occurred between Lianghong and Adai stations and between Ganluo and Nanergang stations in chengdu-kunming railway, which led to the interruption of the line. After 93 hours of fighting day and night, at 9 o’clock in the morning of August 2, the whole line of Chengdu-Kunming line was rushed through, and the freight train began trial operation.

　　Second interruption: August 4th.

　　At about 9: 40 a.m. on August 4th, due to the continuous rainstorm, a mudslide occurred again at K306 of the Narrow Bangou Tunnel in the chengdu-kunming railway Aidai-Lianghong section, and about 4,000 cubic meters of mud poured into the Narrow Bangou No.1 Tunnel, burying the line for about 1,000 meters, and the maximum depth of mud was nearly 3.5 meters, which led to the interruption of the line again.

　　After the water disaster, Chengtie Bureau started the emergency plan as soon as possible, and successively assembled 400 personnel and 7 sets of machines and tools to put into emergency rescue work.

　　On August 10th, after nearly 152 hours of continuous fighting day and night by rescuers, the water damage from Lianghong to Adai Station in chengdu-kunming railway was successfully repaired. At 18: 25 on the same day, the first train passed through the flooded area safely for 57,180 times, and the freight train transportation order was restored in chengdu-kunming railway.

　　Third interruption: August 14th.

　　Less than four days before the second emergency in chengdu-kunming railway, at about 12: 44 noon on August 14th, tens of thousands of high rock masses suddenly collapsed between Lianghong and Aidai Station, and the line was interrupted again, which led to the loss of some rescue personnel on site. After the disaster, the railway department immediately launched a level I response, quickly organized forces, and worked with local firefighters to fully carry out rescue. At present, the mountain continues to collapse, which has a great impact on the rescue work.

Rushan posted a WeChat report in WeChat official account on October 25th. Recently, the Public Security Bureau of Rushan City cracked down on two "non-visiting" personnel according to law, and detained Duan and Song Mouqi who were suspected of provoking troubles according to law.

Duan, male, from a village in the sub-district office of Rushan City, has visited Jinan and Beijing several times since April 2019. After being admonished by the public security organs, Duan did not think about repentance. On September 9, 2020, he went to Beijing to visit again. On September 15th, Rushan City Public Security Bureau punished Duan for administrative detention for 10 days for seeking trouble.

Song Mouqi, male, from a village in the urban sub-district office of Rushan City, has visited Jinan and Beijing several times since June 2018. After being admonished by the public security organs, Song Mouqi did not think about repentance. On September 2, 2020, he went to Beijing to visit again. On September 15th, Rushan City Public Security Bureau punished Song Mouqi with 10 days’ administrative detention for seeking trouble.

In the above cases, Duan Mou and Song Mouqi did not petition normally according to the petition procedures and regulations allowed by the state, but wantonly disturbed the office order of the party and government organs, damaged the social security order, and caused extremely bad social impact, and they will certainly pay the legal price for their irrational behavior!

The family has its own rules and state-owned laws. No rules, no Fiona Fang. It is not that the state does not allow petitions to reflect problems, but should reflect them step by step and petition according to law. Do not abide by the order of state letters and visits, and take deliberate, radical and explicitly prohibited ways by laws and regulations, such as collective visits, noisy visits, pestering visits and leapfrog visits. These acts are illegal in themselves and will be subject to administrative punishment or criminal responsibility.

The central government proposed to comprehensively promote the process of governing the country according to law, make the society more orderly, and let the sunshine of legality, fairness and justice shine on the land of China. Problems left over from history must also be solved according to law and handled according to the rules. No one or organization can solve unreasonable demands that violate national laws and regulations. At present, illegal letters and visits are mainly manifested in the following forms:

Leapfrog visit

One or more people visit multiple petition reception places on the same petition matter, and do not choose representatives according to the provisions of the Regulations on Letters and Visits, and do not listen to the dissuasion, criticism and education of state organs. In this regard, the public security organ will give a warning, admonish or stop it; Those who disturb the order of the unit or gather people to disturb the order of the unit will be detained administratively, and in severe cases, they will be detained criminally.

Repeated visit

Failing to make a complaint request through legal channels, not requesting the recheck of letters and visits in accordance with legal procedures, or making a complaint request with the same facts and reasons after the complaint request has been resolved according to law, and repeatedly pestering the visitors at the reception place for letters and visits. In this regard, the public security organ shall give a warning, admonish or stop it, and if the circumstances are serious, it shall be punished by disturbing the order of the unit.

Trouble visit

Stay in the reception place for letters and visits, make trouble, or abandon those who are old, young, weak, suffering from serious diseases, physical disabilities and other people who can’t take care of themselves in the reception place for letters and visits. If the staff of the relevant state organs dissuade, criticize and educate them, the public security organs will warn, admonish or stop them, and punish them for disturbing the order of the unit.

Make a fuss about visiting

Placing wreaths, urns, portraits, sacrifices, burning Mingbi, or parking corpses in the reception places for letters and visits. In this regard, the public security organs will be punished for disturbing the order of the unit and illegally parking the body.

Incite a visit

Inciting, colluding, coercing and inducing others to express their demands in a radical way, disrupting the order of letters and visits, and punishing behind-the-scenes manipulation with disturbing the order of the unit and gathering people to disturb the order of the unit.

Endangering public safety visit

In order to create social influence, vent dissatisfaction and realize personal demands, those who drive a motor vehicle in public places at will and endanger public safety will be investigated for criminal responsibility for the crime of endangering public safety in a dangerous way.

Obstruct traffic order visit

On the grounds of submitting petition materials and reflecting problems, illegally intercepting, forcibly boarding, taking a motor vehicle or other means of transportation, or throwing petition materials when taking a vehicle, affecting the normal driving of the vehicle and obstructing the normal driving of the vehicle, the public security punishment shall be imposed.

Illegally carrying dangerous goods to visit

Those who illegally carry guns, ammunition, crossbows, daggers and other controlled devices, or explosive, toxic, radioactive, corrosive and other dangerous substances in reception places for letters and visits, other state organs or public places and public transport will be investigated for administrative or criminal responsibility.

Self-mutilation visit

Self-injury, self-injury or suicide by arson, explosion or other dangerous methods, endangering public safety. The public security organs will investigate criminal responsibility for arson, explosion and endangering public security.

Hurt others to visit

Beating others or intentionally hurting others’ bodies, or knowingly suffering from AIDS or other serious infectious diseases, intentionally hurting others by biting or scratching, etc., will be investigated for criminal responsibility.

Frame someone to visit.

Whoever fabricates or distorts facts, falsely accuses and frames others, and attempts to subject others to criminal investigation or public security administration punishment violates the Public Security Administration Punishment Law or the Criminal Law. Those who are light are detained for several days, and those who are serious are investigated for criminal responsibility.

Blackmail interview

Whoever violates the Criminal Law by creating social influence, making extreme visits, constantly pestering and making visits, etc., will be investigated for criminal responsibility.

Demonstration visit

Sitting around the office of state organs, posting and distributing materials, shouting slogans, playing banners, wearing clothes, showing papers, threatening self-injury, self-injury, suicide and other acts or illegal gathering, the public security organs will give warnings, admonish or stop them, ranging from administrative detention to criminal responsibility.

Vent a visit in a public place

Posting and distributing materials, shouting slogans, playing banners, wearing formal clothes and presenting formal papers, or illegally gathering in public places such as stations, docks, shopping malls, parks and squares, and committing the above-mentioned acts around venues, activity areas or venues during the holding of large-scale mass activities such as culture and sports, or during major domestic and international conferences. Those who are light will be detained in public order, and those who are serious will be investigated for criminal responsibility.

Disgrace visit in national key areas

Those who engage in sit-ins, post and distribute materials, shout slogans, put up banners, wear fancy clothes, show fancy papers, etc. or illegally gather in the places where foreign embassies and consulates or international organizations are located in China shall be punished for public security management according to law in order to disturb the order of public places and gather people to disturb the order of public places, and in severe cases, criminal responsibility shall be investigated for the crime of gathering people to disturb social order.

Create a bad influence interview

Those who jump into a river, jump off a building, jump off a bridge, climb buildings, iron towers, chimneys, trees, or engage in other acts of self-injury, self-mutilation or suicide, thus causing social impact, shall be punished for public security management according to law in order to disturb the order of the unit and the order of public places. In the worst case, they shall be investigated for criminal responsibility on suspicion of gathering people to disturb the order of public places.

Obstruct an official visit

Obstructing the staff of state organs from performing their duties according to law, forcibly breaking into warning tape and warning zones set up by public security organs, or obstructing the passage of vehicles such as fire engines, ambulances, engineering rescue vehicles and police cars performing urgent tasks, will be severely punished.

Publish false information interview

Making, copying and disseminating false news about letters and visits through websites, forums, blogs, Weibo, WeChat, etc., inciting, organizing and planning illegal gatherings, processions and demonstrations, fabricating dangerous situations, epidemic situations and police situations, threatening to explode, set fire to, put in dangerous substances, or self-injure, self-injure, commit suicide, etc., and those who are light shall be investigated for administrative responsibility, and those who are serious shall be investigated for criminal responsibility.

Petition illegally, breaking the law, will not only lose personal freedom, but also have an important impact on your future and your family.

Everyone’s illegal and criminal personal information will be permanently recorded, which will affect children and other immediate family members’ examination, joining the party, conscription, civil service application, employment and so on.

Personal illegal and criminal acts will affect the children’s immediate family members’ participation in the recruitment and enlistment of government agencies and institutions, and their participation in political censorship in the Communist Party of China (CPC).

The main contents of political review are: the attitude towards the party’s theory, line, principles and policies; Political history and performance in major political struggles; Law-abiding and social morality; The political situation of immediate family members and major social relations closely related to themselves.

If parents commit crimes, their children and their immediate family members cannot be employed as soldiers with political conditions, such as the security guards of the central leaders and soldiers stationed in Hong Kong. If they are ordinary soldiers, they are still allowed in principle. However, based on the principle of "merit-based admission", the children of "problem parents" may be abandoned when the number of places is limited and there are many people who pass the medical examination.

Similar influence also exists in the recruitment of government agencies and institutions. If you apply for public security civil servants, if your parents, uncles and other immediate family members are serving real sentences, the political review will definitely fail. If it is the staff of other departments, although it is not clearly stipulated that those who have such situations cannot be admitted, it will still bring some influence in actual operation, and it is definitely preferred under the same conditions. The Criminal Law stipulates: "A person who has been subjected to criminal punishment according to law shall truthfully report to the relevant units that he has been subjected to criminal punishment when he joins the army or is employed, and shall not conceal it." This is the criminal record reporting system set up in the criminal law.

(The original title is "Rushan City Public Security Bureau cracked down on two" non-visiting "personnel according to law")

Rusic culture is vertical and horizontal

[Introduction] For a long time, "the North Center Theory" or "the Central Plains Center Theory" has been the mainstream of China’s traditional historical narrative. However, the author believes that there has always been a "southern clue" in the history of China, which is obscure and invisible because of the deliberate neglect of orthodox historical view and the guiding interpretation of political discourse. As a part of diversified history, "Southern Clue" is a key to understand China civilization, interpret China road and judge China fortune. Without this key, our understanding of China, a very large-scale civilized country, will become one-sided and distorted. The author points out that it is necessary to sublate the southern narrative based on the "north-centered theory" or "central plains-centered theory" in the past, and it is particularly important to return the "southern clue" of China history to its original appearance from the standpoint of southern subjectivity. The article originally contained the book "People, Settlements and Regions: A Preliminary Study of the History and Geography of the Middle Ages South" written by Professor Rusic, and was transferred from "Reading with Writing", which only represents the author’s point of view, and is hereby compiled for your consideration.

The southern context of China’s history

▍ Query on the narrative of China’s ancient history with the history of the northern Central Plains as the main clue.

Generally speaking, the traditional exposition of China’s ancient history is mainly based on the historical development of the northern Central Plains, and can even be expressed as a "north-centered theory" or "Central Plains-centered theory". In the interpretation system of China’s ancient history with "dynasty change" as the main narrative clue, the historical development of the southern region is mainly described as the expansion and conquest of the Central Plains by force, and the economic development of the southern region is brought about by the migration of the northern population to the south; Then, the implementation of China-Korea system in the southern region: establishing a powerful bureaucratic system (and various institutional settings attached to the bureaucratic system, such as the system of selecting officials and the legal system, etc.), implementing effective administrative control over the southern region, and bringing the people in these areas into the household registration and taxation system of the dynasty countries; Further, the so-called "enlightenment" was carried out. The dynasty countries promoted the so-called "kingization" through various means or channels, such as the education system, the election system, and the means of reward, recognition and punishment, that is, instilling orthodox ideology into the southern region, "turning barbarians into Chinese" or "turning barbarians into summer", and finally completing the "cultural transformation" of the southern region, that is, the so-called "standardization" of China culture or

For more than half a century, China historians have criticized this historical narrative and interpretation centered on the history of the Central Plains from two aspects: one is the polycentric or pluralistic theory of the origin of China civilization. After years of exploration and efforts by several generations of archaeological and ancient history researchers such as Su Bingqi, Zhang Guangzhi and Shi Xingbang, the monocentric theory that the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River (Central Plains) are the origin of Chinese civilization has been abandoned, and the polycentric theory or pluralism of the origin of China civilization has been widely recognized. Archaeologists and ancient historians have generally agreed that there are at least a few clues about the early civilization of China between 6000 and 4500 years ago:

(1) Yangshao culture-Longshan culture in the Central Plains, with the so-called "Huaxia Group" as the main body (early and middle period); (2) The Dawenkou culture-Shandong Longshan culture with the so-called "Dongyi Group" as the main body from the south of Shandong Peninsula to the Jianghuai area; (3) Majiabang culture-Songze culture-Liangzhu culture with Dongyi Group as the main body in the area around Taihu Lake in the south of the Yangtze River; (4) Daxi culture-Qujialing culture-Shijiahe culture with the so-called "Miao Man Group" as the main body in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River; (5) The northern part of Yanbei and the western part of Liaoning are likely to be Hongshan Culture-post-Hongshan Culture (Xiaoheyan culture) or Xiajiadian culture with the "Huangdi Group" as the main body; (6) South-central Inner Mongolia may also belong to the so-called "Huangdi Group" as the main body of the pre-Yangshao-marine culture-Longshan culture; (7) Xianrendong-Zhucheng-Wucheng culture and Xiqiao Mountain (Linglongyan) culture-Shixia culture in the southern region with Poyang Lake and Pearl River Delta as the main axis; (8) Sanxingdui culture in Bashu area-Twelve Bridges culture.

Although archaeologists and ancient history researchers have many different understandings of the division of these cultural flora and their interrelationships, internal divisions and types, in general, they think that the early civilization in China is composed of different origins, with multiple centers and diverse characteristics, which are mutually integrated, and gradually form a "core" from "diversity".

This kind of reasoning has fundamentally changed the interpretation mode of "dissemination and diffusion" in the study of the history of the origin of civilization, thus bringing a fundamental impact or negation to the so-called "Central Plains culture going south" (and spreading around) ancient history interpretation system.

The second aspect of the overall criticism of the historical narrative and interpretation centered on the history of the Central Plains comes from the research methods and approaches of the South China School on the construction of local society or historical anthropology centered on the southeast coastal areas (focusing on the research of the Pearl River Delta and Xijiang River Basin, Fujian Putian Plain, western Fujian Mountain and Taiwan Province area).

One of the starting points of the study of South China is to try to get rid of the interpretation mode that the dynasty expanded from the central plains to the surrounding areas (including the southern regions) through military expansion, political control and enlightenment, and finally established a unified Chinese empire, but to regard the Chinese empire as a cultural concept. The infiltration of the metaphor of imperial authority into the southern frontier society was not implemented by issuing decrees from top to bottom, but by the local people upgrading their own motivation from bottom to top. They adopted propositions from the political center in a certain historical period, and in the process of building local society, they used these propositions as the language of national order.

In other words, the history of immigration, education, development and cultural communication is not only the history of civilization expansion, but also the expression language of establishing national order based on the power of local society. In this way, in the process of entering the political, economic, social and cultural system of the Chinese Empire, different places have actually gone through different paths and have different connotations. In the words of Mr. David and Mr. Liu Zhiwei, it is: "Under the concept of great unity, there can be great differences in implementing the same system in different time and space. The reason is simple: Ming and Qing empires all have huge regions and populations, and the geographical environment and customs of the eastern, southern, western and northern parts are very different; Different regions also play different roles in the empire; More importantly, even if different regions have experienced a common dynasty history, they have their own local historical processes with very different contents. " Obviously, the charm of South China studies is to show the diversity of historical development and local social construction in the late Chinese Empire.

Comparatively speaking, the study of China’s medieval history is mainly about the history of the Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui, Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties. Although it also shows some diversified tendencies, generally speaking, it is still based on the historical development of the Central Plains, especially the history of the rise and fall of dynasties. Although great progress has been made in the study of the history of the southern region in the Six Dynasties, the Nine Kingdoms in the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, we have carefully considered the overall orientation of historical narrative and interpretation in the above three periods, and we can find that:

The relevant research is still mainly focused on its significance to the development of the southern region, emphasizing that the economy and society of the southern region have made great progress during this period, so it can be expressed as "the history of the southern region under the history of the dynasty"; Not on its significance to the historical development of China, but on its significance in the history of China, so it is not "the history of China in the southern region". More importantly, the interpretation and research on the history of the Han Dynasty, the Sui and Tang Dynasties and even the Northern Song Dynasty are basically based on the history of the Central Plains dynasty, and the history of the southern region is basically regarded as a subsidiary position. In fact, we don’t know much about the history of the southern region in this long period, and the proportion in the existing historical narrative and interpretation system of China is also quite light.

There are two important joints:

First, the unified Sui and Tang Dynasties inherited the southern region and the northern Central Plains region, which are actually two historical traditions: the former is the southern tradition since the Six Dynasties, while the latter is the northern tradition mainly formed in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Eastern and Western Wei Dynasties, the Northern Zhou Dynasty and the Northern Qi Dynasty. As far as the land system, village system and corvee system are concerned, the existing research has fully revealed that the Wei, Jin and Northern Dynasties are a system of the same strain, and its evolution clues are clear. The Six Dynasties, especially the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties, is another system, which was different from the Central Plains in the Han Dynasty. During the evolution of the Six Dynasties, the gap with the Central Plains in the north became larger and larger. Then, after the reunification of Sui and Tang Dynasties, how did these two historical traditions gradually merge?

There is a debate about whether there is a so-called "southern dynasty". However, the focus of this debate is on the institutional origin of the unified dynasty in Sui and Tang dynasties, and it has not touched on the issue of how to implement and implement the unified dynasty system in various places. Specifically, the process of the unification of Sui and Tang Dynasties was actually manifested in the conquest of the southern regime by the northern Central Plains Dynasty. Therefore, in terms of system implementation, it was mainly manifested in the establishment of various systems based on the northern Central Plains, such as the Lifang system with closed space as the main feature, the land equalization system with limited land as the core, the household registration system which was far stricter than that of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties, and the mature government and soldiers system during the Western Wei Dynasty and so on. How were they promoted and implemented in the southern region?

In other words, after the unification of Sui and Tang Dynasties, how did these systems, which were mainly formed and evolved step by step in the history of the Northern Dynasties, absorb and how many "southern traditions" since the Six Dynasties? Are the various systems formed after the integration of the northern and southern traditions (mainly the northern tradition) widely implemented in the southern region? If the answer is yes, how are they implemented? For example, in the hilly and mountainous areas scattered in the south, how does the village system with household registration control as the core operate? In the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the Fujian area in Lingnan, where there are a lot of wasteland, how is the land equalization system aimed at limiting land implemented? How did most of the southern cities, which inherited the city walls and forms since the Six Dynasties, establish the regular Li Fang like Chang ‘an, Luoyang, Pingcheng and Taiyuan? And if our answer is no, then what is the situation? How did the dynasty countries realize their rule in the southern region (of course not the whole southern region)?

The second joint is the southern region inherited after the unification of the Northern Song Dynasty, and actually there are two historical traditions with the northern region as its foundation: Zhao and Song Dynasties were born out of Hebei, Hedong Fanzhen and the Five Dynasties regime in the late Tang Dynasty, and made no difference to each other (Mr. Mao Hanguang had a detailed discussion). What it directly continued was the northern tradition with Hebei and Hedong Fanzhen as its core, which Mr. Chen Yinke called "Hu"

After the Middle Tang Dynasty, the southern region actually embarked on a different or very different road from the northern region: to a great extent, the former and later Shu, Yangwu-Nantang, Qian wuyue and even Machu, Nanhan and Jingnan all continued to move forward on the basis of Li Tang, and inherited the Tang system. Of course, there were many complicated and diverse changes, but its foundation was the Tang system, so there should be no doubt. Then, after the reunification of the Northern Song Dynasty, whether and how did this southern tradition integrate into the unified system of the Northern Song Dynasty? Scholars who study the history of the Song Dynasty used to call it "the system of the Song Dynasty along the Tang Dynasty". So, where did the Song Dynasty inherit the system of the Tang Dynasty? What Tang systems were inherited and developed? To what extent does the reformed system evolved from the Tang system reflect the specific needs of the southern region? How is it implemented everywhere?

The same problem actually existed in the Yuan Dynasty. As we know, the southern region inherited by the Yuan Dynasty is the tradition of the Southern Song Dynasty, which is quite different from the northern tradition that evolved around Yanjing since the Liao and Jin Dynasties. The tradition of the Southern Song Dynasty, at least, was passed down to the Ming Dynasty, which became an important resource for the Hongwu Dynasty to construct a unified system. On this issue, according to Mr. Li Zhian and Mr. Zheng Zhenman in recent years, they all have some in-depth and interesting thoughts from different angles, which are worthy of attention. Therefore, the southern history of Ming and Qing dynasties should be in line with the tradition since the Southern Song Dynasty.

If we carry out in-depth thinking and research on the above issues, we may be able to trace the "southern context in China history" (not the development clue of southern history); Perhaps, sorting out the "southern context" will help us to understand the historical development of China. This is one of the starting points of my thinking about the ancient history of China in recent years.

▍ A preliminary analysis of the records of medieval historical documents in southern China.

In order to reconstruct the narrative and interpretation system of southern history and comprehensively think about the southern context of China’s historical development, the first step should be to comprehensively sort out and analyze the historical documents, archaeological materials and oral materials obtained from field investigation, so as to clarify their values and limitations.

Before 2003, like most researchers, I believed in the social, economic, cultural and even environmental records of the South in traditional literature, so as to study problems. For example, the descriptions of "the land of Chu and Yue" in Biography of Historical Records and Geography of Han Dynasty were used as the basic materials to understand the situation in the South during the Han Dynasty. Later, it was slowly discovered that there was something wrong here: these documents were basically written by northern scholars, with a strong Chinese color or the concept of central plains, and their descriptions of southern people, economy, society and culture could only reflect their understanding, rather than the objective actual situation. The initial suspicion came from the different descriptions of Jinghu Road (Jingxi Road and Jinghu Road) in Song and Yuan Dynasties: in the Southern Song Dynasty, such as Lu You, Wang Shipeng and Lu Jiuyuan, Jingxi Road and Jinghu Road were desolate and very backward; After forty years of war in Song and Meng Dynasties, under the pen of northern scholars in Mongolia and Yuan Dynasties, the Jinghu area turned out to be very rich. This sharp contrast made me start to think about who left these records: of course, the scholars of the Southern Song Dynasty, mainly from the East-West and Zhejiang roads in the south of the Yangtze River, despised Jinghu Road, while some authors from the north and even the Western Regions and Mongolia obviously lamented the richness of these areas.

Starting from this, I began to systematically ponder the sources, types and values of historical documents recorded in the southern region of the Middle Ages. After several years of exploration, I now preliminarily divide these documents (materials) into the following categories in terms of their sources:

The first is the narration and writing of Chinese scholars (Central Plains scholars).

It is believed that at least before the Northern Song Dynasty (including the Northern Song Dynasty), most of the main written materials about the historical records of the South belonged to this part. Its core part is the southern historical materials found in official history books and chronological history books, which is the basic basis traditionally used to construct the clues of southern historical development. Now, we know that this part of the material mainly reflects the Chinese scholars’ understanding of the social, economic and cultural conditions in the south of their time, and it is the narrative and interpretation of the history of the south by the "other" (external observers).

We need to carefully analyze the records and interpretations of these documents to see which of them may reflect some realities of southern history, or adopt the interpretation of the southern society itself, and which parts are just the subjective imagination or understanding of the "other" ("external" observers) and their times. We should start with the southern images in Chunqiu Zuozhuan and Guoyu, and then investigate the "historical sources" of southern historical records in official history such as Shiji and Hanshu-what are their sources. The History of the Three Kingdoms and the Four History of the Southern Dynasties include many southern factors, but the credibility still comes from the hands of scholars who have or hold the view of Huaxia. The Book of Jin, Sui Shu, History of the South and History of the North, which were compiled in the early Tang Dynasty, are typical examples of reinterpreting the history of the South under the unified situation. The old and new Tang Shu and the History of the Five Dynasties compiled in the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty are similar to this. Not to mention the history of Song, Yuan and Ming. These official histories have constructed the basic framework for the narrative and interpretation of southern history by traditional historiography. We should "deconstruct" this narrative tradition from here now, and point out that all this is just the understanding and narration of the southern history under the orthodoxy of the dynasty and the central view of the Central Plains, and it is not the "own" history of the south, so it cannot better explain the significance of the historical development of the southern region in the historical development of China.

Second, the narrative and writing of southern scholars based on the "South".

I’m not sure how to define "Southern Scholars" and how to base on "South". I only have a vague idea. Of course, birth and growth environment are the first consideration, but the key lies in whether its narrative and interpretation hold a position of "sympathy" with the southern society (in the same situation) Scholars in the south are based on the narration and writing in the south, and this tradition can at least be traced back to Qu Yuan and Chu Ci. I thought that the narration in the south had a considerable influence in the early Han Dynasty (before Emperor Wu), and the emphasis on Zhang Chu in The Moon Table at the Time of Qin Chu in Historical Records may be due to this, while Sima Qian’s narration about Wu, Chu and Yue may also be mainly derived from the narrative tradition of the south, which was tailored. Huayang Guozhi, Yuejueshu, and the geography and landscape travel notes of the Six Dynasties all deserve careful analysis. These works of the Six Dynasties show the efforts of southern scholars to make their own narrative and interpretation of their own local history. Unfortunately, this kind of effort was neither persistent nor short-lived, and was soon overwhelmed.

Most southern scholars in the late Tang and Five Dynasties yearned for the Central Plains and the Tang Dynasty (or pretended to be the real Tang Dynasty), so there were few writings based on the south. However, wuyue of Qian’s family and Shu of Meng’s family (even Fujian of Wang’s family) are all interested in their own "cultural construction", so they also left some records based on the south, which need to be analyzed. The narrative and writing tradition of southern scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty is basically based on the Central Plains or China. During the Southern Song Dynasty, even in the Yuan Dynasty, the focus of scholar-officials shifted to "local" (Han Mingshi revealed the situation of this shift in the Southern Song Dynasty, and I thought this shift was basically completed in the Yuan Dynasty), which prompted them to base themselves more on the South and describe and write the history of the South.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the narration and writing of southern scholars presented a complex and diverse situation: on the one hand, a considerable number of narration and writing traditions, which may occupy the mainstream position, were still based on the position of the Central Plains or China, and through these narratives and explanations, the history and culture of the South were successfully incorporated into the historical and cultural system of China or China centered on the Central Plains; On the other hand, the narrative and writing mainly based on the south, especially the specific local society, has gradually formed into a new tradition. Although this tradition is often covered under the topic of "the position and role of a certain place and its society in the history of China", it is actually based on the local area, aiming at emphasizing the characteristics and importance of the local area, and thus gradually building a historical view and historical knowledge system based on the local society.

Genealogy (although genealogy has always been defined as folk literature, in fact, it is still the scholars and their concepts that play a major role in the process of genealogy revision, so genealogy still belongs to the narrative tradition of scholars or literati) embodies these two seemingly contradictory narrative and interpretation directions: on the one hand, it should be upward, emphasizing its long history, so as to connect with "Central Plains", "Huaxia" and its culture; On the other hand, it should be downward, highlighting the dominant position and important influence of this race in local society. The research on genealogy has fully revealed this point.

The third is the narration and interpretation of the "people" in the south.

Here, it mainly refers to the literature materials other than the narration and writing of scholars, mainly including religious documents such as contracts (positive contracts and hidden contracts), scientific instruments, religious materials such as statues and monuments, folk historical legends and stories, some materials in genealogy, and non-written materials such as statues and pictures.

I think these are the real "folk documents". They are documents that people need and use. Such as contracts, most of them are not written by scholar-officials (even if they are written by scholar-officials, they are not written as "scholar-officials"), and the bookkeepers (calligraphers and signers) are not scholar-officials, but the people understand the meaning and significance of these contracts (the process of "selling wine" and reading aloud in the process of book signing enable both parties and related parties to understand their meaning) and widely adopt this form. These words or images reflect people’s narratives and ideas about their own history. For example, the stipulation of "never forgive" in the contract of Tang and Song Dynasties, and the existence and expression of a large number of white deeds in the contract of Ming and Qing Dynasties all imply the people’s indifference to the power of the dynasty or the state to varying degrees, indicating that there has always been some kind of system outside the power of the dynasty. I believe that by combing these words and images, we can get a glimpse of some realities of people’s lives in southern China and build a historical understanding based on the people (or the people).

Sorting out and discriminating the above-mentioned records, reflecting the clues of the historical development of the South and the literature materials at several levels, and analyzing: (1) Who wrote it and how did he know it? That is, the analysis of historiography; (2) Why did he write like this? Instead of writing it like that? How did he integrate those divergent data, and what considerations were there between the choices? The main method is to analyze the differences between different records and the reasons for this difference. I call this "analysis of history writing"; (3) What did he write these for? That is, why did he write these? That is, the analysis of writing purpose and intention. Only by understanding these problems can we use these materials freely and then discuss the historical development of the southern region. At the same time, through these works, we can also establish a characteristic "historical philology".

▍ The starting point of research and the development of research work (ideas and ideas)

On the basis of the above preliminary thoughts (in fact, these thoughts were gradually formed in the following research process), I began to try to carry out some special research work. Because my work foundation and data accumulation are mainly in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, especially in the Hanshui River Basin, the relevant special research naturally begins in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In the past five years of thinking and research, some ideas have gradually formed, most of which have not yet been implemented, just some ideas and research ideas.

(1) the origin, ethnic division and essence of the residents (or population) in the south

One of the core clues about the historical development of the southern region in the traditional China historical interpretation system is that the northern population moved southward and the resulting changes in the composition and distribution of the southern population, while the economic development, social development and even the establishment of political control order in the southern region were all realized with the northern population moving southward. Therefore, if we want to rebuild the cognitive and explanatory system of southern history, we must re-understand this system.

After several years of thinking and preliminary discussion, I think that the above-mentioned argument system is at least incomplete, or there is deviation in the direction, and I have initially formed some rough views: the main part of the resident population in the southern region (generally speaking) is gradually developed from the indigenous population in the southern region; Northern immigrants and their descendants, although the proportion in southern regions is not the same, generally speaking, do not account for the majority of the total population (in all periods); In the traditional interpretation system, it is probably wrong to say that most of the population in the south can be traced back to the Central Plains in the north.

Therefore, the first step we need to do is to distinguish the historical truth and "cultural creation" of "the population of the south comes from the north". Therefore, it is necessary to re-examine the influence of several large-scale migration movements of northern population to the south in the history of China on the population composition and distribution in the south, and make an overall assessment. In particular, the three migration movements (after Yongjia Rebellion, Anshi Rebellion and Jingkang Rebellion) that have long been regarded as changing the population composition in the south and triggering the so-called wave of development in the south and their influences are the key to the problem. It can be believed that these three migration movements have increased the population in the southern region, but compared with the indigenous hukou in the southern region, the northern immigrants and their descendants may not have absolute advantages (this requires careful literature research and data analysis). The basic composition of household registration in the southern region is still the indigenous people in the south.

Scholars in South China’s research on the clans in Guangdong and Fujian, especially the interpretation of genealogy by Mr. Liu Zhiwei and Mr. Zheng Zhenman, have quite fully proved that most of the legends or records about their ancestors from the Central Plains in Guangdong and Fujian are just a kind of "cultural construction", and this "historical memory" is just a means to transform themselves into members with "legal" status in the imperial order. Therefore, the path of using genealogical data to study immigration history has to be reconsidered.

The second step is to further identify: (1) who are these indigenous people in the south-what are their characteristics; (2) How are they defined, and how do they define themselves? (3) How are these southern aborigines gradually considered (as they themselves think) to be "from the Central Plains", that is, how is the "Southern residents originated from the Central Plains" established, and what is the essence of this statement. Of course, these problems need to be investigated in different periods. It involves some important issues in the history of "ethnic groups" in the south, such as the origin and evolution of Yue, Man, Ba, Liao and Yi, and the nature of ethnic groups. Our general tendency is to think that these ethnic groups or ethnic groups in the south in history can basically be regarded as "ethnic names" added by Chinese scholars from the outside on the indigenous people in the south, rather than their own definitions. Therefore, it is not their own definition. With a considerable part of them, they were gradually incorporated into the edition system of the dynasty countries, accepted the words and culture representing "Chinese civilization", and gradually moved from "externalization" to "internalization", and then divorced from their indigenous background and rewritten as "Chinese immigrants from the Central Plains" (they themselves, especially their elites and literati, played a vital role in this rewriting process).

By understanding the above two points, we can reinterpret the population development, distribution and ethnic nature in southern China. The standpoint of discussing this issue should be anthropological, not ethnological. Only by putting our discussion on the background of the composition of the population (immigrants and aborigines) can we avoid many controversial issues such as the so-called national definition and division, and focus on: Who is the main body of the historical development of the South? Northern immigrants suppress southern natives?

(B) the southern types of ancient institutions and the southern road of institutional evolution.

Another core clue of the traditional China historical interpretation system about the historical development of the southern region is that the dynasty countries gradually established the political, economic and cultural systems of the dynasty in the southern region through various means and channels, and through these systems and their operation, the southern regions were steadily and firmly brought into the control system of the dynasty countries. "Institution" has always been the core of the study of China’s ancient history, and it is also regarded as the most important way for the dynasty countries to control the southern region (and other regions).

There are two prerequisites for this explanation: (1) the centralization of absolutism is powerful and has enough power to implement its system in various regions; (2) Because of the first point, the implementation and operation of the "system" in various places are at least relatively uniform or consistent. However, the existing research has questioned these two premises. Therefore, we are thinking: is it possible to form a "southern type" (or more local types) according to local conditions in the process of implementing various institutional designs of dynasty countries in the southern region? And does the evolution of this system show some kind of "southern road"? On this issue, my current thinking focuses on the following four aspects:

(1) My thinking starts from the village system.

We know that the village system, which gradually sprouted in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and was established in the Qin and Han Dynasties, especially in the Han Dynasty, was actually based on the villages in the northern region. Unearthed documents such as Juyan Han Bamboo Slips revealed that all the residents lived in a "village" surrounded by earth walls or fences, thus forming a relatively uniform living style and village system. The bamboo slips of Han and Three Kingdoms published in Jiangling, Changsha, Jiangdu and other places in the south show that there are no such concentrated settlements in the south, but scattered in small-scale scattered villages, and even many natural villages have only two or three households or even one household, and there is no evidence that there will be soil walls around such natural villages!

Obviously, in the scattered state, the implementation of the village system of "100 households as the interior" can only adopt flexible methods: giving priority to the region, dividing the land as the interior, and integrating the interior into the township, that is, the village system is manifested as "regional organization", and its foundation is the region, not the village. This is the variation between the village system in the south and the village system in the north (the standard system determined by the dynasty countries) in the implementation process, and this variation has a great influence on the later evolution because it happened at the source.

(2) The second starting point of my thinking is the cities in the south and the systems inside and outside the cities.

As we know, the city is a symbol of the power of the dynasty, so it requires the shape and structure of the city (the city under its jurisdiction, the same below) to follow the requirements of the so-called "ritual system" as much as possible. Many experts who study the architectural history of China emphasize the observance of Kao Gong Ji in the construction of ancient cities. In the north, we have also seen a large number of square ancient city walls that meet the requirements of the system. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the municipalities in the southern region also tried to abide by these regulations, but they did not do well enough, and they still showed some tendency of being impolite. Most importantly, they seemed to be more inclined to abide by the requirements of topography, actual needs and "Feng Shui". Topography, actual needs and the southern city shape under the principle of Feng Shui, and the northern city under the principle of etiquette show two directions of ancient city shape-of course, what we see now is more likely the result of the joint action of these two directions. In the same way, I tried to see how the Lifang system in the Sui and Tang Dynasties was implemented in the cities in the southern region.

In the article "Lifang System and Its Form in Local Cities in Tang Dynasty", I argued that in the early and middle period of Tang Dynasty, except for a few cities under the jurisdiction of prefectures and counties with newly built or completely rebuilt battlements, most local cities did not have closed Lifang surrounded by square walls or fences; In the city of Luocheng, the state capital that continues to use the old city wall, and in the city where the city wall has not been established, there are also Li and Fang belonging to the urban and rural grass-roots administrative organization system. After the "An Shi Rebellion", the Lifang system was widely implemented as most cities and some county towns were generally built or expanded. These Li Fang are mainly grass-roots administrative units organized for the purpose of household registration control, tax collection and public security, and their form is a block centered on streets and lanes and spread to both sides. At the same time, there are markets in the suburbs of many cities, which further shows that even in the early and middle Tang Dynasty, urban commercial activities were not completely confined to the closed "market square".

In other words, when the Lifang system was established in the Sui Dynasty and the early Tang Dynasty, most cities in the southern region followed the pattern since the Six Dynasties, and there was no Lifang system at all. However, after the mid-Tang Dynasty, the southern government officials generally carried out the Tang system including the Lifang system in the southern region, especially in the cities where Jiezhen was stationed. This explanation is quite different from the explanation of Lifang system (or Fangshi system) since Kato Fanfan, which further affects how we understand the direction of urban development in Song Dynasty.

(3) The third aspect I think about is the establishment and division of administrative regions in southern China.

It is generally believed that administrative division is a regional and hierarchical administrative system under the unified centralized state, and it is the division and stratification of the areas ruled by the centralized central government from top to bottom, that is, the so-called "national economy". In fact, the formation and division of administrative districts is a more complicated process, which is often not due to the system design of the central government, but the result of a series of political, economic, military and even personnel factors. Local political changes, regional political patterns, local political forces, economic ups and downs, military actions, strategies and other factors will have a great impact on the formation and changes of local administrative districts.

For example, the establishment of Xunyang County in the first year of Yongxing in the Western Jin Dynasty (304) was one of the measures taken to further strengthen the control of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River after the Zhangchang Uprising was settled; In the first year of Yongjia (307), the expansion of Xunyang County’s territory and the increase of counties were probably related to Huayi’s efforts to win over local forces in Xunyang. During Yongjia’s two to five years, Xunyang County moved to the south, which was probably due to Huayi’s conservative Jiangzhou and shrinking the defense line. By the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the merger of Xunyang and Shangjia provinces and the reduction of Songzi and Hongnong counties to Xunyang counties were part of the rectification measures of Liu Yujing and Jiang, mainly to weaken the strength of Jing and Jiang counties. The "Shannan Road" in the early Tang Dynasty was not defined by the courtiers according to the map and the "shape of mountains and rivers" at that time, but the inheritance and development of the ever-changing geographical concept and political geographical pattern since the Western Wei and Northern Zhou Dynasties and even the Jin and Northern Wei Dynasties, which actually had its specific political, military and even economic and cultural basis. In other words, the division of the ten roads in Zhenguan and the determination of their geographical scope can be explained not only by the word "mountains and rivers form convenience", but also by its profound historical, political and geographical background. Such as Henan and Hebei roads, are obviously closely related to the political and geographical pattern and its changes since the Northern Wei, Eastern Wei and Northern Qi Dynasties. Therefore, if we want to explore the origin of the "Ten Ways of Zhenguan" in the early Tang Dynasty and the principle of its division, we must combine the changes in geographical concepts and political geographical patterns since the Jin and Wei Dynasties to understand it.

(4) The fourth aspect I think about is the implementation of the service law.

Shuowen says, "We should serve and defend the border. Ancient prose works from people. " "Fu, convergence also," "rent, land tax also". It is the king’s law to make up families and people to pay for service. In the study of the history of China’s tax service system, Fu has been paid more attention to, and its evolution is also roughly clear; However, the research on service is relatively weak, and many joints are not quite understood. At first, I paid attention to the difference of the service law between the north and the south. I read the section of "Food and Water Conservancy" in Song Dynasty, and noticed that the service of river engineering in the northern part of the Northern Song Dynasty was very heavy, while it was basically absent in the south (south of Huaihe River). Later, I systematically read the research of Mr. Zhang Zexian, Mr. Zheng Xuemeng and Mr. Wang Yuquan, that is, I was quite concerned about the differences in the implementation of the service law in different times. However, this field is very difficult, and I haven’t been able to enter it yet. I just have some immature ideas, which may be the most laborious part in the future research.

Military service and compulsory service are the core parts of the corvee system in the Middle Ages, and they are also the most burdensome services for compiling families and people. I tried to discuss the similarities and differences between military service in the northern and southern dynasties from the perspective of military service, but I haven’t figured it out yet.

Generally speaking, the Northern Dynasties gradually developed from the tribal military system to the government military system, and the army and the people were basically separated. Therefore, although the Han people were frequently recruited as soldiers, for example, when Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty went south, the people of the prefectures and counties were sent, and "one out of every ten people was charged", but before the reform of the government military system by Emperor Wu of Zhou, the military service burden of Han farmers was generally not very heavy. However, the Southern Dynasties were quite different. Since Sun Wu, people were frequently recruited as soldiers. By the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties, the so-called "three-to-five selection system" was formed. For example, in the 27th year of Yuan Jia in Liu Song Dynasty (450), he "sent three or five people to Yanzhou in the south"; "In the fifth year of Daming (461), three or five ding were issued". The so-called three-five-ding system means that five ding takes three. The military service of the Han people was more important than that of the Northern Dynasties. And the service period is very long. Bao Zhao’s poem says: "Young people leave home, but poor people are still getting started"; "I went to my hometown for 30 years, and I got back to my old hill." This is the north and south systems of military service. The Northern Zhou Dynasty and Sui Dynasty unified the south and gradually extended the government military system to the south. However, there were few government houses in the south, and most of them were beyond the Yangtze River, so the burden of military service in the south was greatly reduced. Therefore, after the reunification of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the law of military service in the north was promoted to the south.

In the article "Fang Yu Haozu in Shannan in the Western Wei and Northern Zhou Dynasties", I tried to explain how the government soldier system was promoted to Shannan with the conquest of the Western Wei and Northern Zhou Dynasties on the basis of Mao Hanguang’s research.

If the military service in the southern region in the Middle Ages was relatively light, the transportation service was relatively heavy. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, a large amount of grain was transported northward every year to the south of Jianghuai, resulting in "the left side of the river was trapped and lost", and "the water was dragged by the land, and the spring was endless, and people were forced to seize agriculture. What do you expect when you die? Kanto resented." After the Anshi Rebellion, the Tang Dynasty paid tribute to the southeast wealth, saying, "Recruit teachers from all directions, turn to pay thousands of miles, pay for cars and horses, and send them far and near, and all the people will work hard [hard] (stop)." Or face each other repeatedly in one day, or don’t understand the armor for years, and the sacrifice is lacking, and the family is in vain. Life and death are displaced, and grievances are condensed. The labor is endless, and the land is barren. Life is harsh and demanding, and fatigue is empty. Turn to the ravine, leave the township, and the hills in the city are cut off. " This is the situation of Dezong dynasty in Shannan, Huainan and Jiangnan. This shows the importance of the transportation service in the south.

In a word, the important system designs in ancient China, such as the village system, the city lane system, and the tax service system, were mainly based on the northern region, and were generally adapted to the geography, economic production mode and social conditions in the northern region. Therefore, when these systems were implemented in the southern region, they must be modified, so the "southern type of system" was produced; Because at the beginning of implementation, it was not consistent with the system design and regulations, and in the later evolution process, more and more southern characteristics were formed, thus developing the "southern road of institutional evolution." The southern types of these systems and their evolution of the southern road, in turn, affected the system design itself, which became more and more important later, making the ancient system gradually "southward."

(3) Folk beliefs and rituals in southern China

Since 2003, I have devoted a large part of my time and energy to the study of land purchase vouchers. I have studied these land purchase vouchers for three reasons:

First, it is a real folk document, which is written by people who are not very literate or completely illiterate. Most of the writers are geographers, Mr. Yin and Yang, monks and Taoist priests, not scholars.

Second, people in this world, whether rich or poor, will die. Therefore, how to treat and deal with death is a major event in life. By buying land coupons, we can get a glimpse of how ancient people viewed and how to deal with the problem of death.

Third, the source of land purchase vouchers is the land-telling policy made by Chu in the late Warring States and the Western Han Dynasty. Therefore, I tend to regard it as the early tradition of dealing with death in some parts of the south (the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River or the whole Yangtze River basin). According to the materials of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, Wu Yijun and Andu Wang may be the earlier ghost kings in the south, which may be another source of origin, different from Taishan Shenjun in the north. In other words, before Buddhism was introduced and became a popular belief, the idea of the underworld in the south was quite different from that in the north. From the Chu Dynasty to the Han Dynasty, it was a death treatment system that originated from the south, especially from Chu. Of course, in the Tang and Song Dynasties, this tradition affected all parts of the country, even the northwest (Dunhuang and Turpan materials), and this can be regarded as the expansion of southern folk beliefs, or the process in which northern beliefs were influenced by southern beliefs.

The second aspect is about the folk funeral ceremony. This problem is actually an extension of the previous one, because the study of land purchase vouchers only deals with written materials and is not a living history. Then, how to see through its ancient ritual tradition in contemporary anthropological observation? A few friends, mainly Professor Liu Yonghua, and I have been exploring this problem constantly. Yonghua’s interpretation of the text of the scientific instrument book has helped me a lot. However, the writing tradition can reach many people, no matter how big its application scope is; In a ceremony, participants are limited, but the degree of participation of participants is far more than reading or listening to the expression of words.

Therefore, the ceremony and its process can best show the locality. Since Wu Yashi, many scholars who have studied folk belief rituals have focused on observing the refraction or deposition of the state power system from the ceremony, which is of course an important aspect, but I think that many rituals are mainly made for local society and local people, so they need to be understood and recognized by the people, so it is "local". The locality of the ceremony may be one of the focuses of my anthropological view of ancient history. But I don’t know exactly how to do it.

(D) the diversity of people’s livelihood and the diversification of economic forms in the southern region.

In the traditional historical interpretation system of China, the general narrative mode of economic development is: population increase (labor force increase) → land increase (field increase) → productivity increase (mainly manifested in the promotion of iron farm tools and Niu Geng, the development of irrigation and water conservancy, and the latter is mainly manifested in the development of agricultural economy (the increase of total agricultural products) → the development of commodity exchange and commodity crop cultivation → the development of handicraft economy. This narrative and interpretation of the history of economic development is mainly in terms of simple farming areas, and it is not suitable for the northern region, especially the areas where farming and animal husbandry run concurrently.

As far as the southern region is concerned, people’s livelihood depends on two important aspects: mountain forest (mainly gathering, fruit tree planting and logging) and rivers, lakes and oceans (fishing and breeding), in addition to farming with rice as the core. Therefore, the "agricultural resources" in the southern region are different from those in the northern Central Plains, which rely on "land" relatively simply, so the structure of its agricultural economy is different from that in the northern region. In this way, it is the first step to study the structure of agricultural economy in southern China from the perspective of resources. The ownership of mountain forest and water surface may be an important starting point for studying this issue.

Because the agricultural economy does not simply rely on "fields" and the sources of livelihood are diversified, the exchange between different types of products is likely to become inevitable. I guess the frequency of exchange and trade in the southern region is higher than that in the northern region, and the degree of development of commodity economy may be higher than that in the northern region, especially later. In other words, the commercial tradition in the southern region is relatively developed than that in the northern region. In this way, the diversified economic forms in the southern region are formed: (1) farming economy dominated by rice farming, (2) forest economy dominated by fruit tree cultivation and forest logging, (3) fishery economy dominated by fishing and breeding, and (4) primitive commodity economy mainly characterized by product exchange. The diversity of land resources and their utilization forms is the basis of the diversity of economic forms. Diversified economic forms, or diversified ways of livelihood, make the life of southern residents relatively less scarce, so the economic development in the southern region is relatively stable, unlike the ups and downs in the northern region. This is an important reason why the social and economic development in the southern region is relatively stable and there is no major fracture.

Diversified economic forms, mainly rice farming and supplemented by fishing and hunting economy, have greatly influenced the social and economic life in southern China.

Biography of Historical Records of Huo Zhi says: "The land of Chu and Yue is vast and crowded, with rice and fish in soup, or ploughed with fire and water, and clams are harvested, not waiting for Jia." If the land is spared food, there will be no hunger, so it will drag out an ignoble existence, and there will be more poverty without accumulation. It is the south of the old river and Huaihe River. There are no people who are frozen and hungry, and there is no family of thousands of dollars. "

The records of southern counties in Hanshu Geography also confirmed Sima Qian’s description. For example, Ba, Shu and Guanghan, "the southern part of the country is yi, and the Qin Dynasty thought it was a county. The land is fertile, and there are rivers and rivers, and the bamboo trees in the mountains are spared from eating fruits." South Jia Dian, Bo Tong, west near Qiong, Yong Ma Luo Niu. People eat rice and fish, and they are worried about their deaths. They are not worried about vulgarity, but they are easy to be slutty and weak. " From the south to the two counties of Bo ‘er and Zhuya on Hainan Island, it is also known as "men’s farming, planting rice and hemp, and women’s silkworm weaving."

It describes a decentralized, self-sufficient and autonomous society in relatively equal, which is in sharp contrast with centralization and autocracy in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. As far as the basic mode of production is concerned, rice farming needs clear fields and ridges, as well as irrigation and drainage facilities; Compared with dryland agriculture, rice farming needs higher technology and more careful management. Therefore, people engaged in rice farming tend to be more stable than farmers who grow dry land, and are easy to develop fine and skillful qualities, which is conducive to the development of some handicrafts with higher skills. Abundant aquatic products and mountain forest resources provide stable and reliable supplementary food. All these have promoted the formation of self-sufficient life style under rice farming.

At the same time, the early rice farming in the southern region was mainly carried out in the valley and the edge of the plain, so small-scale cooperation could be carried out, and the requirement for large-scale cooperation was not very strong, which made small-scale family production possible.

On the other hand, the dense river network in the plain lake area or the rugged roads in mountainous areas all urge farmers to live as close as possible to the cultivated land, and diaspora has become the dominant rural settlement form in the southern region. In a word, the economic pattern of rice-based agriculture largely determines the tendency of decentralization, self-sufficiency and even autonomy in the southern region.

The last aspect of this thinking should be "the southern origin of the development of traditional China thought", including (1) the "southernization" of Confucianism, (2) Buddhism and Buddhism in the southern region, and (3) the southern origin and evolution of Taoism, a local religion in China. These problems haven’t been considered yet, but in 2010, I wrote an article "Textual Research on the Inscriptions of Thousand Buddhas and Stone Pagodas in Wenzhou Longwan Guoan Temple in Song Dynasty", which is considered as the beginning of research in this field, and I can’t say what I have learned.

Most of the ideas mentioned here have not been put into practice, and they should be adjusted or even greatly changed in the future research. But in the next ten years, I will probably continue to explore along the direction and logic mentioned in this article, hoping to gradually form some mature and meaningful understandings.

This article was originally published by Professor Rusic, People, Settlements and Regions: A Preliminary Study on the History and Geography of Middle Ages South (Xiamen University Press, 2012), and was transferred from "Reading with Writing" with the original title of "The Southern Context of China History". Limited by space, the content is slightly revised. The picture comes from the internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete it. Personal sharing is welcome, please contact the copyright party for media reprinting.

Original title: "Rediscovering the South: Another Road Behind China’s Historical Doubt | Cultural Horizon"

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　　CCTV News:On February 24th, the Press Office of the State Council held a series of press conferences on the theme of "Opening by Authorities". At the press conference, Wang Zhigang, Minister of Science and Technology, introduced the new progress of the national scientific and technological circles in studying and implementing the spirit of the 20th Party Congress and accelerating the new measures of self-reliance and self-improvement of high-level science and technology.

　　Wang Zhigang introduced that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has placed scientific and technological innovation at the core of the overall development of the country, and promoted China’s scientific and technological undertakings to achieve historic achievements and changes, from independent innovation to self-reliance, from following participation to leading development, from breakthrough in key areas to improvement of system capabilities. This decade is a decade of leap-forward development of China’s scientific and technological undertakings, the fastest decade of improvement of China’s scientific and technological innovation capabilities, and the most prominent decade of the role of science and technology as the primary productive force. The ranking of China’s global innovation index rose from the 34th in 2012 to the 11th in 2022, and it successfully entered the ranks of innovative countries, opening a new stage of realizing high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and building a powerful country in science and technology. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China insists on the core position of innovation in the overall situation of China’s modernization, regards education, science and technology and talents as the basic and strategic support for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, and makes special chapters for the first time. This is a major strategic choice made by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, based on the current situation and with a long-term perspective.

　　Wang Zhigang said that the national scientific and technological circles have thoroughly studied and implemented the spirit and decision-making arrangements of the 20th Party Congress, overcome difficulties and worked hard, all walks of life have worked together to tackle key problems, the eastern, central and western regions have cooperated in innovation, the science and technology industry has developed in a financial way, and the reform and innovation have been promoted in an all-round way, thus forming a majestic force that the whole country is United and determined to innovate. Scientific and technological innovation has played an unprecedented role in the overall cause of the party and the country. Scientific and technological empowerment has become a remarkable symbol of high-quality development, and scientific and technological innovation has become an important driving force to lead the modernization drive.

　　— — The strength of science and technology has jumped, and its influence on the global innovation map has been significantly enhanced. The R&D expenditure of the whole society increased from 1 trillion in 2012 to 3.09 trillion in 2022, and the R&D investment intensity increased from 1.91% to 2.55%. The investment in basic research increased from 49.9 billion yuan in 2012 to about 195.1 billion yuan in 2022, accounting for 4.8% to 6.3% of the total R&D expenditure. The total number of R&D personnel has increased from 3.25 million person-years in 2012 to more than 6 million person-years in 2022, ranking first in the world for many years. The top one thousandth of the world’s hot papers cited account for 41.7% of the global total, and highly cited papers account for 27.3%. China is not only an important participant in international frontier innovation, but also an important contributor to solving global problems.

　　— — Science and technology are fully empowered to provide more high-level source supply for high-quality development. Adhere to the goal-oriented and free exploration of "walking on two legs", and achieve a number of original achievements with international influence in basic research fields such as quantum information and brain science, and play a leading role in innovation in several important fields. Adhere to pay equal attention to short board and long board, and achieve breakthroughs in key core technologies of key industries such as high-performance equipment, intelligent robots and laser manufacturing. Actively deploy new tracks, and emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, blockchain, and 5G accelerate the application of the scene. Focus on the two key issues of seeds and cultivated land, and strongly support and ensure national food security. Facing people’s life and health, scientific and technological innovation provides more accurate and comprehensive support for disease prevention, public health and coping with population aging. The infiltration, diffusion and subversive functions of scientific and technological innovation are fully manifested, and they are deeply integrated into all fields of economic and social development and all aspects of people’s lives, greatly improving the quality and lasting motivation of China’s development, and creating a broader new vision and bringing better new expectations for Chinese modernization.

　　— — The reform has made great efforts, and the overall efficiency of the national innovation system has been significantly improved. The reform of the scientific and technological system has been accelerated in three years, and many breakthroughs have been made in key areas. Strengthen the construction of national strategic scientific and technological strength, accelerate the construction of national laboratory system with China characteristics, and high-level research universities and research institutes play a key role in implementing major national scientific and technological tasks. The main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation has been further improved. The number of high-tech enterprises has increased from 39,000 in 2012 to 400,000 in 2022, contributing 68% of the R&D investment of national enterprises, and 762 enterprises have entered the top 2,500 global enterprises in R&D investment. We will promote the construction of international and regional science and technology innovation centers as a whole. A new round of Zhongguancun will take the lead in adding and deducting basic research and development expenses and paying for scientific and technological achievements after trial. 23 national self-created zones and 177 national high-tech zones have become the vanguard of high-quality development. The legal policies and cultural environment conducive to scientific and technological innovation have been further optimized, and the enthusiasm of the whole society to support, invest in, participate in and promote innovation has never been higher.

　　— — Expand open cooperation and actively create an innovative ecology conducive to international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation. Open cooperation is an inherent requirement for the development of science and technology itself, and it is also an inevitable requirement for coping with global common challenges. We adhere to the concept of open, inclusive and mutually beneficial international scientific and technological cooperation, establish scientific and technological cooperation relations with more than 160 countries and regions, and participate in more than 200 international organizations and multilateral mechanisms. Extensive international cooperative research has been carried out in key areas such as climate change, clean energy and COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, and joint funding has been carried out with more than 60 countries, regions and international organizations. The "Belt and Road" scientific and technological innovation action plan has achieved fruitful results and built a number of joint laboratories. Take the lead in organizing international major scientific plans and projects, and actively participate in international major scientific projects such as international thermonuclear fusion experimental reactor and square kilometer array radio telescope. Build more international scientific and technological exchange and cooperation platforms in key areas, provide a broad development stage for talents from all countries who come to work in China, and make China a fertile ground for global innovation and entrepreneurship.

　　Wang Zhigang said that in 2022, with the joint efforts of all scientific and technological workers, China’s scientific and technological innovations were fruitful, and good news spread frequently. The three modules of Tianhe, Zhentian and Mengtian gathered in Tianyu, and the China Space Station stood proudly in space. A number of major innovations such as Kuafu’s exploration of the sun, Qinghai-Tibet expedition, micro-nano satellites, quantum transmission and proton therapy emerged one after another. The expenditure on R&D in the whole society exceeded 3 trillion yuan for the first time, the intensity of R&D investment exceeded 2.5% for the first time, and the proportion of basic research investment exceeded 6% for four consecutive years. Breakthroughs have been made in tackling key core technologies, and new steps have been taken in building the country’s strategic scientific and technological strength. The "Science and Technology Winter Olympics" ensures high-quality hosting and high-level participation in the Beijing Winter Olympics, and scientific research has made important contributions to a major and decisive victory in national epidemic prevention and control.

　　Wang Zhigang pointed out that this year is the first year to study and implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress. In the field of science and technology, "opening a new bureau and seeking new articles" is to be a "pioneer" in reshaping new advantages in development; In building a new development pattern, do a good job of "boosting engine"; Play a "key role" in Chinese modernization. At present and in the future, we will fully implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress and the major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, focus on the strategic direction of "four orientations", base ourselves on the frontier characteristics and evolution trend of world science and technology, and seize the great opportunities of new scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation; Based on the characteristics of scientific and technological innovation in China, strengthen the clear orientation of self-reliance and self-improvement of high-level science and technology; Based on the stage characteristics of the new era, we will effectively guarantee national development and strategic security.

　　Wang Zhigang said, we firmly believe that under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the national scientific and technological circles will further strengthen their innovation and self-confidence, strive to overcome difficulties, bravely climb the peak of science and technology, unswervingly implement the strategic deployment put forward by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, accelerate the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, make a good start and make an irreplaceable contribution to building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

When the sea flows, heroes come forth in large numbers.

A sudden epidemic in COVID-19 made us know a group of ordinary and extraordinary people. In the fierce epidemic, they stood up with the courage to give up; Under the difficult test, they courageously retrogressed with determination and determination.

They are known as the anchor in the fog of the epidemic, as the captain at the helm of the ship fighting the epidemic, as the white soldiers fighting the virus, as the universal guardians in the closed community, and as the firefighters in the national war.

They are fighting fire and warm light.

"You are messengers of light, messengers of hope, the most beautiful angels and real heroes!" The praise of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary expressed the respect of the whole society for fighting against the epidemic hero.

Let’s pay tribute to the cutest person in the new era!

Cross the sea and see the true colors.

The epidemic is fierce and the hero moves forward.

There are such a group of brave soldiers who are the first to go to the anti-epidemic battlefield. They are no longer youthful, but let the years shine with the light of youth forever; They rushed into a war without smoke, but they were the "most terrible opponents" on the battlefield.

This group of brave soldiers, including academicians Zhong Nanshan, Li Lanjuan, Wang Chen, Chen Wei, Qiao Jie, Zhang Boli, Huang Luqi, and Tong Xiaolin … They shoulder the mission, bear the burden, and charge the epidemic.

No ticket can be remembered by Chinese people like this high-speed rail ticket-the departure time is January 18, 2020, starting from Guangzhou South Railway Station and ending at Wuhan Station; No seat, make up the ticket; The ID number shows that he was born in 1936 and the passenger is 84 years old!

Academician Zhong Nanshan returned to Guangzhou after rescuing patients in Shenzhen that day, and was informed by the National Health and Wellness Commission to rush to Wuhan at noon. As the high-speed rail ticket has been sold out, he was settled in the corner of the dining car when he got on the bus temporarily. From this, there is another unforgettable photo for Chinese people-on the high-speed rail dining car, the old man closed his eyes, leaned his head on the back of the chair, and his face was full of fatigue.

As early as 17 years ago, when fighting against SARS, Academician Zhong Nanshan rushed to the forefront; Seventeen years later, although he was 84 years old, he went out again, and he was as sharp as before.

"There must be human-to-human transmission", "There are medical personnel infected" and "Don’t go to Wuhan without special circumstances" … It is this insight and outspoken old man who has sounded the alarm of prevention and control in the whole society and promoted the rapid change of epidemic prevention and control.

Participate in ward rounds, guide treatment, online consultation, judge the epidemic situation, and have video communication with international experts … Academician Zhong Nanshan is busy every day in the days of anti-epidemic.

Ms. Peng, a patient from COVID-19, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, terminated her pregnancy after 35 weeks of pregnancy. She suffered from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), septic shock, multiple organ dysfunction, etc. in the following two months, and was critically ill for many times, with ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest for 40 seconds.

In order to save her life, Academician Zhong Nanshan participated in the remote consultation. Under his guidance, Ms. Peng finally turned the corner. "It was a close call, thanks to the care of the medical staff and everyone." On March 31st, this critically ill pregnant woman in COVID-19, Zhongshan, who worried Academician Zhong Nanshan, finally ended the isolation and went home after two months of rescue.

"Vulcan Mountain, Raytheon Mountain, Zhong Nanshan, and the three mountains have gathered together to overcome difficulties; Domestic donations, overseas donations, Li Lanjuan, and many donations have come to the road. " This pair of popular couplets, the first part says that the person is Zhong Nanshan, and the second part says that it is a "goddess".

At 9: 00 on March 31st, the medical team of Academician Li Lanjuan, who had been in Wuhan for 58 days, set foot on the way back. When entering the waiting hall of Wuhan Tianhe Airport, hundreds of people at the scene shouted to 73-year-old Academician Li Lanjuan: "Goddess!" "goddess!"

"Goddess" is well deserved! When the epidemic situation was still confusing, she and a group of experts rushed to Wuhan to make a decisive suggestion for Wuhan to press the "pause button" through on-the-spot research on the epidemic situation.

Later, she led a team to recruit Wuhan again, "going to a place with severe illness", which greatly improved the success rate of treatment for critically ill patients. When inspecting the ward, Li Lanjuan often holds the patient’s hand and says, "Hold on, come on!" Send love and hope to patients and people who see and hear this scene.

Academician Li Lanjuan has a picture of a smile that has been circulated all over the network, and the clear indentation of the protective mask on his face has touched countless people. This photo was taken after she took off her protective clothing and mask at the East Campus of Wuhan University People’s Hospital. The indentation on the face is affectionately called "angel mark". Some people say that this smile gives people confidence and encouragement, which means hope and victory; Some people say that the indentation on this face is the "medal" of the ancient and rare old people who are rushing to the front line, and it is also a thrilling responsibility.

Many people may not have heard the name of Academician Chen Wei, but if you have seen Wolf Warriors 2, you will know that she is the prototype of Dr. Chen. In 2003, team Chen Wei took the lead in identifying the culprit of SARS in China. What makes her famous all over the world is that in 2014, she led the team to successfully develop the world’s first new genetic vaccine against Ebola virus, which is known as the "Ebola nemesis".

On the evening of March 3, a photo misunderstood by goodwill and good wishes was widely circulated on the Internet. In this picture with the caption "The first shot of vaccine, the academician tries first", Academician Chen Wei of the Institute of Military Medicine of the Academy of Military Sciences is sticking out his left upper arm for injection. The essay said: "The first Covid-19 vaccine was injected into Academician Chen Wei’s left arm today. Seven party member from the expert group also injected together. "

Some people cheered that the vaccine developed by Academician Chen Wei’s team has entered the clinical stage, but it is not a vaccine injected in the photo, but a drug that enhances immunity injected by Academician Chen Wei before going to Wuhan. Behind the photo, this "tough guy" female major general who went to Hubei to fight the epidemic did not live up to the expectations of the people of the whole country, and indeed wrote a Chinese answer sheet on COVID-19 vaccine development in Jianghan.

On January 26th, on the second day of the first lunar month, 54-year-old Academician Chen Wei led the expert group to Wuhan. Since arriving in Wuhan, she has concentrated on emergency scientific research on vaccine development. At 20: 18 on March 16th, the recombinant COVID-19 vaccine developed by Academician Chen Wei was approved to start clinical trials. On March 22nd, the first batch of 108 volunteers were injected with domestic COVID-19 vaccine.

"Treat each other with sincerity, and I’ll leave my courage here this time." This is what Academician Zhang Boli, who has been fighting against the epidemic in Wuhan, said to you after undergoing cholecystectomy.

On January 27th, on the third day of the first lunar month, Academician Zhang Boli, who was guiding epidemic prevention in Tianjin, was ordered to fly to Wuhan. Since then, he has been sticking to Jiangcheng. On February 18, he had to undergo surgery because of an old gallbladder disease caused by overwork. Three days after the operation, he insisted on returning to work.

On March 19th, Academician Zhang Boli, who has been fighting for more than 50 days in Wuhan’s anti-epidemic front, celebrated his 72nd birthday. On the same day, the National Health and Wellness Commission issued a notice saying that all newly confirmed cases, newly suspected cases and existing suspected cases in Wuhan were zero for the first time. Academician Zhang Boli said that this is the best birthday present.

These days, Academician Zhang Boli has held video conferences with foreign experts almost every day to introduce the experience of traditional Chinese medicine in preventing and treating COVID-19 and explore the trend of global epidemic; He put on protective clothing that said "Come on, Lao Zhang" and went to the rehabilitation station to take a pulse for the isolators. He was advised not to fight so hard at your old age. He said: "I really forgot how old I am, regardless of my age."

In the city of Wuhan, there are still many academicians who are at the beginning and the forefront of the fight against the epidemic.

On the afternoon of March 10th, Wuchang Shelter Hospital, the first shelter hospital in Wuhan, was officially closed for 35 days, which also meant that all 16 shelter hospitals in Wuhan were closed. This special hospital, which played a key role in the critical period of epidemic prevention and control in Wuhan, completed their historical mission.

The establishment of Noah’s Ark is inseparable from a key figure-Academician Wang Chen.

On February 1st, Academician Wang Chen rushed to Wuhan and saw the overloaded hospital. After a night of tossing and turning, he first proposed to establish a "shelter hospital" to collect all patients. The voice landed, and the first batch of three shelter hospitals opened after 48 hours. More than 4,000 beds provide a green channel for isolated patients at home. With the addition of more shelter hospitals, the designated hospitals in Wuhan are finally no longer "hard to find a bed", and even completed the counterattack of "beds and others".

"Fangcang Hospital is a key measure to fight the epidemic in Wuhan. I hope this model can enhance the ability of more countries to deal with COVID-19." Academician Wang Chen said in a video connection with his American counterparts.

"I’ll do it!" Hearing the call from the Wuhan front, Qiao Jie, academician of China Academy of Engineering and president of the Third Hospital of Peking University, did not hesitate at all, and rushed to the airport in a few hours. Academician Qiao Jie said: "We just set up a critical care unit with military orders, and we should seize this critical point of treatment, try our best to improve the cure rate and reduce the mortality rate." As the leader of the national medical team in Peking University to aid Hubei to fight the epidemic, Academician Qiao Jie and his colleagues from brother hospitals arrived in Wuhan and quickly set up the first critical care unit. The Third Hospital of Beijing Medical University, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University People’s Hospital and the medical team from Henan jointly undertook the medical treatment task. The whole process only took more than 30 hours. This elegant and warm-looking "female warrior" is called "Iron Man" by colleagues who control the overall situation.

"In addition to the Sino-French New Town Campus in tongji hospital, which we serve ourselves, there are also many critically ill patients in other hospitals who are turning to us and becoming the centralized treatment point for critically ill patients." On March 31st, 137 medical staff of Peking University Third Hospital led by Academician Qiao Jie still insisted on treating critically ill patients in Wuhan.

On January 25th, Huang Luqi, an academician of China Academy of Engineering, led the first national TCM medical team to come to Han and entered Jinyintan Hospital, becoming the first TCM medical team to take over the intensive care unit. By March 30th, in Jinyintan Hospital, Academician Huang Luqi had treated 158 patients with severe and critical illness, and 140 patients were cured and discharged. In the latest seventh edition of the diagnosis and treatment plan, the recipe for eliminating dampness and removing toxin developed by his team was included in the recommended prescription for critically ill patients in COVID-19.

As the leader of the national expert group on medical treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, Academician Tong Xiaolin visited many hospitals every day during his stay in Wuhan. Everywhere, the first thing to do is to go to the ward to treat patients, ask for advice, look at the tongue and feel the pulse, and never let go of every detail. From New Year’s Eve to Wuhan, Academician Tong Xiaolin has been fighting there for more than two months. He and experts went deep into the community, put forward the idea of moving the treatment gateway to the community, and drew up the "Wuhan anti-epidemic prescription" of traditional Chinese medicine, which played an important role in treating mild diseases and reducing the conversion from mild to severe.

Under the coordination of the Central Steering Group, 10 famous academicians and their teams gathered in Hubei, and most of them fought in Wuhan. They shoulder the mission of the country and the expectations of the people.

"This matter of the country is very important. The country needs us to go. We must go today!" This is a sentence from hit the floor when Academician Zhong Nanshan went to Wuhan.

"I am duty-bound to be a major event of the country." This is what Academician Li Lanjuan said on New Year’s Eve when he applied to the state to lead a team to support Wuhan.

"The epidemic is the military intelligence, and the epidemic area is the battlefield. I hope that I can fight the deadly virus in my life and open the door of hope for life in the trapped epidemic area. I believe that the speed of researchers in our country will not be inferior to that of the United States. " This is Chen Wei’s heartfelt words when he was interviewed by the media about the development of COVID-19 vaccine in China.

May I have this length to serve my country.

Brave front-line commanders are at the forefront of the "epidemic" of war.

In the eyes of medical staff, the dean at this moment is a brave captain and a brave front-line commander.

On the occasion of the outbreak, many heads of medical institutions were on the verge of death and led the team to charge. They bear double pressure, not only to save patients but also to protect medical staff, and they have to worry about everything from case consultation to material support.

These medical institutions are like a safe house, sheltering the lives of compatriots in the storm of the epidemic. They are brave and brave, and their dedication and sacrifice live up to the name of Chinese doctors.

Zhang Dingyu, president of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan, is known as the "Iron Man" in the eye of the epidemic storm. His hospital is the only infectious disease hospital in Wuhan, where the earliest COVID-19 patients were treated. Since the first batch of COVID-19 patients were admitted on December 29th, 2019, the battle for Zhang Dingyu has started.

The epidemic situation is urgent, and Jinyintan Hospital is the center of the epidemic situation in the city. Zhang Dingyu rests at 2 am every day and gets up at 6 am. Colleagues are used to this figure of doing things in a hurry and limping around the house. However, it was not until a month later that many people knew that he had been suffering from gradual freezing for two years and his life had entered the countdown. In the past, Zhang Dingyu always said that his knee was bad, but the epidemic was in the forefront, so he couldn’t say it. He said: "I have to run faster to win time;" I have to run faster to get more patients back from the virus. "

Zhang Dingyu, who is as hard as iron, sometimes cries. One day in late January, shortly after learning that his wife was infected with COVID-19, Zhang Dingyu decided to visit his wife, and suddenly burst into tears while walking halfway. "I may be a good doctor, but I’m not a good husband. We’ve been married for 28 years, and I’m afraid, too, that she won’t be able to carry her body and lose her!" Fortunately, his wife, Cheng Lin, was cured after treatment, and donated plasma after the expiration of the isolation period.

Two months later, on March 24, when seeing off the first batch of white soldiers in Fujian at Wuhan airport, Zhang Dingyu shed tears again. He hugged the medical team and said with a sob, "You are heroes who save the earth. You are all superhuman!"

Zhang Dingyu, who says others are superman, is superman himself. Dragging his sick body, he stuck to the front line step by step. He said to his colleagues: "We are already in the eye of the storm, and we must not back down at this time! What we have to do and can do is to treat patients, protect our people and protect our city! " As for himself, he said, "I can’t fall down at the moment when I am most eager."

Colleagues said that with Dean Zhang leading the way, the great things were also practical. Cheng Fang, head nurse of ICU on the sixth floor of South China, said with tears in her eyes: "What we can do is to fight like him!"

Liu Zhiming, one of the directors of the first designated hospitals in Wuhan to treat COVID-19 patients. On February 18th, 51-year-old Liu Zhiming died because he was infected with COVID-19.

Before living in ICU, Herry Liu spent three sleepless days. On January 21st, Wuchang Hospital was identified as the designated hospital in COVID-19, ready to receive the first batch of patients. Arranging patients and reforming wards, a series of urgent tasks are on the head. On the evening of January 22nd, Liu Zhiming and his colleagues were busy all night. Colleagues recalled that his health was not very good in those days, but he was worried about patients and often went to emergency and fever clinics, and could not get a rest.

On January 23, the transformation of the ward was basically completed, but Liu Zhiming was diagnosed with infection. Liu Zhiming called everyone he came into contact with, worried about infecting others. The next day, his illness became serious, and he was admitted to the ICU ward, still not letting go of his burden. While calling and returning to WeChat, I care about the work of the hospital; On the one hand, let everyone not talk about his situation, for fear of affecting morale.

There is a screenshot of WeChat circulating on the Internet, which is a conversation between Liu Zhiming and his wife Cai Liping at the last moment of his life. Many people cried. "For a night … I thought I was going to die, lack of oxygen. I played the ventilator this morning, much better! " Liu Zhiming refused his wife’s escort. Apart from the patient, what he missed was the safety of the people around him.

When transforming the ward, he tried desperately to add beds in the limited space. "A bed is a life, and one more bed can save one more life!"

Life is counting down, and he is still worried about the safety of the doctor who saved him. "Our ICU ward is not a negative pressure ward, and doctors’ intubation treatment is easy to form aerosols and there is a risk of infection."

Wang Lunchang, the 80-year-old honorary dean of taihe hospital and former party secretary, wrote a poem to bid farewell to Liu Zhiming: "Coronavirus has abused the world, and the battle against the epidemic in China is still in full swing. I was shocked to hear that Zhi Ming died in the battlefield, and my eyes were full of tears. The epidemic is still in a stalemate, and people are fighting for themselves. It is difficult for the god of plague to stop the road of medical soul, and move forward with heroic spirit! "

Liu Qingquan, Dean of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. He is an expert in Hubei Central Steering Group and the head of Jiangxia Fangcang Hospital, the first Chinese medicine shelter hospital in Wuhan. On January 21, Liu Qingquan was ordered to go to Wuhan to participate in the formulation, guidance and management of the treatment plan of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in COVID-19.

As soon as he arrived in Wuhan, he rushed to Jinyintan Hospital to participate in consultation and judge the disease. In the following days, he worked day and night to formulate the treatment plan of Chinese and western medicine, and his shoes were all white. In this regard, Liu Qingquan himself said: "I just came to Wuhan the earliest, and I saw the patients the earliest. My overall understanding of the patients may be a little earlier, which provided us with a basic material and template for formulating the national TCM diagnosis and treatment plan."

On February 14th, Wuhan Jiangxia Fangcang Hospital opened the cabin to admit patients, with Liu Qingquan as the president. From Beijing to Wuhan, from the preparation of Jiangxia Fangcang Hospital to the opening of the cabin, Liu Qingquan has been overdrawing. Ward rounds, consultation, syndrome differentiation and treatment … Liu Qingquan’s daily life is very monotonous, and almost all of them are busy between hospitals with more serious patients, such as Jinyintan Hospital and wuhan union hospital, for consultation of Chinese and Western medicine. After the opening of Jiangxia Fangcang Hospital, another item was added: Go back to the "cabin" at night to see the patients. Colleagues said, "You should apply for a compulsory rest order for Dean Liu!"

On February 3rd, under the guidance of Liu Qingquan, the first batch of 8 confirmed patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine or integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine were discharged from Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital. On February 26th, the first batch of 23 patients from Jiangxia Fangcang Hospital left the cabin successfully. There were nearly 400 patients in the whole cabin, and none of them became severe.

In Wuhan, the heads of many medical institutions gathered together to fight the epidemic. Such a large scale and such close cooperation can be said to be unique. In response to the call of the state, they rushed to Wuhan with medical staff and various materials from all directions, bearing great psychological pressure and work pressure, and silently completing their mission in Wuhan.

Senior Colonel Zhang Sibing, the president of Huoshenshan Hospital, participated in major tasks such as fighting SARS and building Xiaotangshan Hospital in 2003. hit the floor said: "We are confident and determined to implement President Xi’s instructions and win this epidemic prevention and blocking war!"

Wang Xinghuan, dean of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, obeyed the national arrangement in the fight against the epidemic, and managed several hospitals in multiple positions. In addition to our hospital, it has also taken over the Seventh Hospital of Wuhan and the Living Room Shelter Hospital of Wuhan.

……

The epidemic came to an end, and more and more deans successfully completed their tasks and led the team back home.

On the afternoon of April 3rd, the last batch of 175 medical teams from Zhejiang Province arrived in Hangzhou. So far, a total of 2,018 people from the medical team in Zhejiang Province have successfully completed the anti-epidemic task, and all of them have returned safely, many of them!

Ge Minghua, president of Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, is also one of the heroes who returned home this time. On February 19th, he led the fifth batch of medical aid teams to Wuhan. After nearly a month’s efforts, the team successfully completed the treatment of the intensive care unit in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. On March 15th, he led the team to the intensive care unit of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan. Ge Minghua said that we will go wherever the country tells us to go.

During his stay in Wuhan, his team managed a total of 117 patients, and 67 patients were cured and discharged. After the condition improved, 50 patients were transferred to hospital, and none of them became critically ill, and none of them died. The medical staff had zero infection.

On the eve of his return trip, Ge Minghua recalled his trip to Wuhan and said, "We have a lot of feelings for our comrades in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan. Don’t give up on the concern of party committees and governments at all levels in Wuhan and all walks of life. At the same time, we are very excited, because our evacuation means that the anti-epidemic work in Wuhan is coming to an end, which means that the anti-epidemic war of our people is about to win. Wuhan will win, Hubei will win, and China will win! "

"Complete the task of defending Wuhan and bring the players back safely." This is the promise made by many medical institutions when they set out, and they did it!

If you can’t win the epidemic, you will never return it.

Strong grass is known by high winds, and gold is refined by fire.

Since the "epidemic" war, wearing white clothes is the most reassuring "dressing up" for Wuhan citizens. At the critical moment when the city was on the brink of an abyss, 110,000 local medical staff in Wuhan and more than 40,000 medical staff from all over the country rushed to Wuhan to form a white shield to stop the epidemic and an unbreakable defense line.

On January 8, a ward in ICU of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University was transformed into an isolation ward. Zhong Si, the nurse in charge of ICU, remembers that Peng Zhiyong, the director of ICU, told all the medical staff somberly: The upcoming task is very arduous, the situation is complicated and the risk is great. If someone feels that his body may be too much, he can ask for it and make other arrangements.

Zhong Si has been working for 6 years, and this is the first time I have encountered such a thing. "But no one is backing down. We know that we have chosen this job, and we should always be ready to face this situation." Zhong Si said.

Four days later, all the 16 beds in the isolation ward were full. Nearly 150 medical staff in ICU began to work in shifts.

Every day, there are endless phone calls in Peng Zhiyong, and patients who can’t be saved are often busy until the early hours of the morning. Sleep has become the most luxurious enjoyment in Peng Zhiyong.

In the early stage of the epidemic, the shortage of protective materials troubled almost all medical staff in Wuhan, especially in ICU. The ICU of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University consumes more than 100 sets of protective clothing every day. At least, the inventory is only enough for two days.

As the head of ICU, Peng Zhiyong should not only try his best to treat patients in the ward, but also be responsible for all medical staff, and arrange and dispatch medical staff to work at the highest efficiency while trying to ensure that they are not infected by the virus.

Five years ago, Peng Zhiyong gave up his high-paying job in the United States and returned to Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University as the director of ICU. Five years later, Peng Zhiyong experienced the biggest challenge since he became a doctor. However, Peng Zhiyong said that he did not regret it, because so many patients entrusted their lives to him at this difficult time. "The opportunity to save the lives of these compatriots was the reason why I came back."

On the afternoon of January 12th, Guo Qin, a nurse in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, began to feel headache and chills. Her temperature was 37.8℃. Guo Qin immediately isolated his family and informed the unit. The next day, she did a throat swab test and the result was positive.

Guo Qin, 38, was the first infected medical staff in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. A few days ago, she participated in rescuing COVID-19 patients many times. Fortunately, after three days in hospital, her temperature returned to normal.

There are 54 nurses in the emergency center where Guo Qin is located. Under normal circumstances, each person works 8 hours a day. With the gradual increase of fever patients, emergency centers gradually extend overtime hours, and the daily working hours are about 10 hours. Guo Qin saw it in his eyes and was anxious in his heart.

On January 27th, Guo Qin’s blood test results, nucleic acid test results and CT showed normal. She persuaded her family to return to her post: "If I don’t go back now, I don’t know if I am a deserter."

On the day of returning to work, colleagues shouted slogans for Guo Qin, "Welcome back!" Then wear isolation suits and hug one by one.

But luck didn’t come to every medical staff. On February 20th, Peng Yinhua, a 29-year-old doctor from the First People’s Hospital of Jiangxia District, died of COVID-19 infection.

Peng Yinhua was scheduled to hold a wedding on February 1st. He has received a marriage certificate for two years and has never had a wedding. He and his wife have been preparing for this for a long time. Considering that the wedding date has been fixed, the hospital did not arrange for him to be on duty during the Spring Festival, and prepared to let him come back to work after the Spring Festival. However, seeing the epidemic situation becoming more and more serious, Peng Yinhua took the initiative to postpone the wedding.

Peng Yinhua went home for the last time on January 18th. After work that day, he didn’t mention the hospital to his wife, only that he was getting busy. Peng Yinhua decided to live in the department because he was worried that his family and pregnant wife would be infected.

After the infection, Peng Yinhua told his colleagues that he should cooperate with the treatment well and then go back to the front line. He also suggested that he should take charge of the management of patients in the isolation area, and let other doctors stay in the office and clean area as much as possible to reduce the exposure risk.

On March 6th, the press conference of the State Council Office showed that in the early stage of the epidemic, mainly in January and before this year, more than 3,000 medical staff were infected in Hubei Province, of which 40% were infected in hospitals and 60% were in communities, all of whom were local medical staff in Hubei. Many medical staff died in the line of duty.

In this anti-epidemic battle in Wuhan, 42,000 medical staff rushed to Hubei, many of whom were youthful forces. When the motherland needed it most, they took practical actions to advance and retreat with Hubei and Wuhan, and wrote an indomitable hymn of youth.

Before the closure of Wuhan, Gan Ruyi, a post-90s doctor, just returned to his hometown in Jingzhou to prepare for the New Year. Knowing that the epidemic spread rapidly and the pressure on the hospital increased sharply, she decided to return to Wuhan.

All public transportation to Wuhan has stopped. Gan Ruyi’s mother objected to her going back. "It is more than 300 kilometers away from Wuhan, and the city is closed. Now there is no public transportation. How to get there? "

"Never mind, I’ll go by bike, and I’ll ride a little." On the road, the 24-year-old young man relied on bicycles, hitchhiking and walking all the way, spent 4 days and 3 nights, traveled more than 300 kilometers, and returned to his post-Fanhu Branch of Jinkou Central Health Center in Jiangxia District, Wuhan. On the temporary pass issued by the local government for her, the license plate number column reads "Bicycle".

Gan Ruyi’s deeds spread, and in the face of the ensuing praise, Gan Ruyi still only thought about the patients. "I’m just a medical staff in a primary health center, because I’m worried that my patients will be harassed by COVID-19, so I just want to return to my post as soon as possible and do my little bit for my patients. The defense war in Wuhan has reached a critical moment, and I just want to use my persistence to enhance the confidence of patients in overcoming the epidemic. "

On March 22nd, Zhu Haixiu, a nurse of Guangdong Aid Hubei Medical Team, finally had a good cry. Zhu Haixiu once said in an interview: "I dare not cry. I can’t do anything if I cry through my goggles." This "dare not cry" video touched netizens all over the country.

Since February this year, as a nurse of Guangdong medical team who rushed to Wuhan, Zhu Haixiu has been fighting day and night in the front line of Wuhan. I didn’t tell my parents when I came to Wuhan, but my parents found out later. My father cried over the phone for fear. "That was the first time I saw my dad cry in 22 years." Zhu Haixiu said. However, when interviewed by reporters in the hospital, she didn’t want to report her safety to her parents for the camera, because "crying through goggles can’t do anything".

"I don’t cry, I tell myself to get through it, so that we can see the dawn of victory." When she was about to say goodbye to the heroic city of Wuhan, at the airport, the little girl cried: "Thank you Wuhan, thank you Wuhan people!" "

"Sometimes to heal, often to help, always to comfort." In this epidemic, doctors give patients not only physical healing, but also mental temperature and comfort. There is such a group of "post-90s" in Peking University medical aid team, who empathized with patients in the front line of the war and epidemic, and grew up in the fight against the epidemic, making a brilliant contribution to youth.

Grandpa Duan, an 82-year-old Wuhan patient, can’t live without listening to news and watching news every day, but he forgot to bring his mobile phone because he was in a hurry to be admitted to the hospital, and he couldn’t sleep well when he was hospitalized. So, the 25-year-old nurse Quan Yi, a urologist at Peking University People’s Hospital, and other medical staff brought the Changjiang Daily to Grandpa Duan’s bed every afternoon for him to read. Since then, Grandpa Duan’s mood has made a 180-degree turn, gradually changing from reticence to cheerfulness, and he often takes the initiative to talk to medical staff. Before leaving the hospital, Grandpa Duan sat at his desk for a long time and wrote a thank-you letter to the medical team word by word: "Take a pen, with tears, and thank the Beijing medical team for coming to Wuhan all the way. I don’t know how tired I am day and night, so I can work miracles and walk home. I can’t express it in a thousand words. I wish you good health and everything is fine!"

Wang Ben, born in 1993, is the youngest doctor in the medical team of Hubei Aid and Anti-epidemic in Peking University Third Hospital. In Wuhan, his daily work is to wear protective clothing in the intensive care unit, ask 50 patients one by one, and communicate with them one by one. Even if you are young and healthy, you have to rest for 10 minutes every five patients in the closed space of the isolation suit.

The photo of Tian Jiali, a post-90s nurse in the Department of Respiratory Medicine of Peking University People’s Hospital, carrying four pots of boiling water was sent to the department’s WeChat group by the head nurse Wang Wen, which drew tears from her parents. Teacher Zhang Su, who watched her grow up, left a message with distress: My heart is almost jumping out. What if I can’t get the water bottle right and it burns? What if I break it and puncture it? What makes Tian Jiali most happy is that when delivering water to patients, an old man smiled and gave her a thumbs-up: "It’s a small effort."

Aunt Guo, a critically ill patient in COVID-19, suffered from respiratory failure when she was admitted to hospital. After being treated with non-invasive ventilator, she turned the corner. The pain of the disease, the discomfort of the ventilator, Aunt Guo, whose eyes were full of fear and anxiety, once refused to cooperate with the treatment, and the ventilator mask made it impossible for doctors and patients to communicate normally. Doctors and nurses not only need to treat diseases, but also give patients confidence. "If you can’t communicate by voice, then write with a pen and communicate through words." In response to Aunt Guo’s fear and anxiety, they set up a psychological care group to cheer Aunt Guo up every day, and established a "WeChat refueling group" to show her the refueling video recorded by her family for Aunt Guo. After a period of treatment, Aunt Guo gradually adapted to the treatment of non-invasive ventilator, and her condition gradually improved.

Wu Wenfang, a post-90s nurse in the Department of Respiratory Medicine of Peking University People’s Hospital, put on protective clothing before entering the isolation ward. Her teammates asked her what was written on the protective clothing. She said, "Write’ I love China’. At this moment, there is no deeper feeling than the love of the motherland."

Head bowed, like a willing ox I serve the children.

There are two positions to fight the epidemic, one is the hospital to heal the wounded and rescue the dying, the other is the community prevention and control position.

More than 30,000 ordinary community workers, 36,000 "sinking" cadres, more than 10,000 police and auxiliary police, thousands of community taxi drivers and many community volunteers are sticking to the position of community prevention and control in Wuhan.

On March 10th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader inspected the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic in Hubei Province, saying that the community, as the front line of prevention and control, shouldered a very heavy task, and the comrades involved in community prevention and control work worked very hard. Everyone worked tirelessly and silently day and night to serve the masses and made important contributions to curbing the spread of the epidemic and ensuring people’s lives.

The general secretary’s affirmation and encouragement of the prevention and control work of front-line cadres inspired the confidence and fighting spirit of the grassroots cadres.

A community grid worker covered with "medicine bags" has recently become popular.

Covered with medicine bags, the chubby figure was only visible to the head and feet by more than 50 bags of medicine bags. The hero of the photo is Feng Feng, an ordinary grid worker in Huiminyuan Community, Houhu Street, Jiang ‘an District, Wuhan, who is responsible for helping residents buy drugs for chronic diseases. On this day, Feng Feng and two other colleagues came to a pharmacy on Huangshi Road, waiting in line to get the number to buy medicine. Because they didn’t arrive for two consecutive days, there were nearly 100 medicines to be taken that day. When they came out of the pharmacy, it was almost 5 pm. After nearly 12 hours, they finally got all the medicines needed by the patients, but the boxes they brought could not hold all the medicines. Fengfeng simply strung the small and medium-sized medicines into two strings and hung them on herself. "Because it is convenient to take it, I will get on the bus at once." This is Feng Feng’s simple response.

The photo on the screen is a true portrayal of the "epidemic" between the community grid worker and his colleagues: from verifying the patient’s needs by phone, to recording the list of medical insurance card passwords, telephone numbers and other information, and then going to the pharmacy to queue up for prescription, take medicine and deliver medicine … "The patients are waiting, and the medicine cannot be broken." In front of hundreds of community residents, bags of medicine are entrustment, hope and responsibility. In a simple sentence, it shows the responsibility of this community grid worker in the epidemic situation.

"It’s full of medicine bags", which is a person’s anti-epidemic story, and it is also the epitome of the front line of community workers.

There are about 4,600 households in the community of Beihuan Road, Shuiguohu Street, Wuchang District, Hubei Province, with a permanent population of 13,000, and 43 people have been diagnosed with COVID-19. Zhang Xinxin, deputy secretary of the post-90 s community party Committee, bravely shouldered the heavy burden and led a group of people to stick to the front line and not retreat.

"Sorry, it was a mistake in our work. I came to apologize to you!" "The community has done its best. Don’t come to the door during special periods. You still have a lot of patients to take care of!" These are some conversations between Zhang Xinxin and community residents on the phone.

Putting down the phone, Zhang Xinxin picked up a large bottle of disinfectant and walked to the 28 th building of the community for disinfection. This residential building has just been destroyed in a large area, and there are still residents who are not at ease and hope to kill it again. Zhang Xinxin climbed up and down, spraying potion layer by layer. After killing two units, I was informed that I would take the confirmed patients to the isolation point of Shengjia Rose Hotel before 2 pm, and then send them to the hospital.

Yao Dad, a 69-year-old confirmed patient, was treated in isolation at home, and his condition worsened and he needed to be hospitalized. Zhang Xinxin quickly called the old man and asked him to prepare for hospitalization. Considering that the old man is old and has had heart bypass surgery, she decided to send Yao Dad to the car.

Back in the office, Zhang Xinxin put on protective clothing, goggles and gloves. She sent Yao Dad to the quarantine point.

Charge in the front line of community prevention and control, the degree of hard work and the danger it faces far exceed people’s imagination. "No matter how residents evaluate us, even if we do our best, we must reduce the number of new cases in the community." Zhang Xinxin said.

At 8: 30 on March 24th, in the Qiaokou Branch of Wuhan Public Security Bureau, as usual, 39 policemen dressed neatly and assembled in line, waiting for the roll call. "Wu Yong", when the director Zhu Zhichao called this name, all 39 policemen shouted in unison: "Here!"

In this special way, these people’s guards, Zheng Zheng man of iron, bid farewell to their good buddies and comrades-in-arms Wu Yong.

Two days ago, Wu Yong, a policeman from Gonghe Community Management Section of Hanzheng Street in Qiaokou District, Wuhan City, who had been fighting for 60 days in the anti-epidemic front line, was overworked and fell to his job forever. He was only 51 years old.

Since the outbreak of the epidemic, the police work, which is already very busy, has become extremely heavy. Seven days a week, day and night turned into a normal work.

Wu Yong and his colleagues are in charge of the Republican community with more than 600 households at home. Many doors in the community do not have elevators, and they all rely on climbing up and down. Daily necessities such as vegetables, meat, eggs and milk must be delivered to households by manpower. Seeing Wu Yong’s hard work, many residents advised him: "Lao Wu, you are not young, let the boys send you." And he always smiles and shakes his head: "I have to take the lead."

On the morning of March 21st, Wu Yong hurried to work, said "I’m leaving" and left in a hurry. "Before I could answer, he closed the door and left. I didn’t expect this sentence to become a farewell … "Speaking of which, Wu Yong’s wife Liu Xiaolin was sobbing.

"Sinking cadres" refers to government cadres who go deep into the community to serve residents. Every "sinking cadre" has met different residents. Some people understand and cooperate, some people ignore interference, some people actively pay, and some people are picky …

Zhong Nan, a cadre of Donghu High-tech Taxation Bureau, is one of the "sinking cadres". Guanshan Community, Guandong Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, where he reported, was sometimes rushed to the post because a large number of community residents did not understand the closed management.

"Everyone in the sinking staff needs to exercise restraint. At the same time, they should give full play to their wisdom and combine the community police force and security to dissuade them reasonably. On the one hand, they should ensure that undocumented people have’ zero access’ and on the other hand, they should ensure that the situation does not escalate to’ full handling’." Zhong Nan said.

Guanshan Community has high floors and high density, with a maximum of 53 floors and 20 households on the first floor. During the large-scale investigation in early February, due to the high density of confirmed cases and suspected cases in the community, the sinking working group was worried about the harm of elevator aerosol, and generally sat on the top floor and went down layer by layer to conduct door-to-door investigations. Two people check nearly a thousand households a day, and Zhong Nan and his colleagues are so tired that their legs tremble every day.

"The hard working environment has won high praise from the community and won unanimous praise from the community residents. Seeing the thumbs up of the people, we feel that everything is worthwhile." Zhong Nan said.

Who do some community residents most expect to see during the epidemic? The answer may come as a surprise to many people: community taxi drivers.

Li Dingping was originally a veteran, and now Lao Li, who is busy, has become a taxi driver in Changfeng Community, Changfeng Street, Qiaokou District, Wuhan. Since signing up as a volunteer, he has been downstairs on time every day to start the car and stand by at the gate of the community. The passengers are all neighbors in the community.

In the eyes of neighbors, Li Dingping is a warm-hearted capable person; In the eyes of community cadres, Li Dingping is a right-hand man for grassroots epidemic prevention; In the eyes of relatives and friends, Li Dingping is a hero with chivalrous spirit.

"Li Shifu, Mr. Liu is going to the hospital for dialysis. Please help him!"

"Li Shifu, the gas in our house is broken. Can you come and have a look?"

In front of people seeking help, Li Dingping always said, "OK, no problem!" "

Li Dingping, 45, just joined a taxi company a month ago and became a taxi driver. After the outbreak, Li Dingping wanted to do something. With the restriction of motor vehicles in the central city, residents’ travel has become a problem. After thinking about it, Li Dingping decided to drive in the community on January 28.

"Now I mainly send some elderly people in the community to the hospital for dialysis, and then send pregnant women to the pregnancy test." Li Dingping said that in addition to himself, there are now three support vehicles in the community. Everyone is a volunteer, and everyone can get three buses a day.

"Among our taxi drivers who serve the community, there are veterans, ordinary citizens and retired workers. In difficult times, everyone stood up and contributed to grassroots epidemic prevention, and no one slacked off." Li Dingping said.

Whatever my status, I will never lay aside my concern for the nation.

The battlefield against epidemic disease is the "touchstone" to test people’s will and character.

It is the wish of every ordinary person to have a little heat and a little light; It is the ambition of all ordinary people to be humble and not dare to forget about their country, which is ordinary and extraordinary.

Police, firemen, volunteers, builders, sanitation workers, couriers … The same feelings and mission, unite forces from all over the country.

Xu Hongyan is an ordinary employee of Jin Qin Gas Station of Sinopec Hubei Petroleum. Since the outbreak, she has led five other "Iron Maiden" to form "six golden flowers", fighting for the position of preventing and controlling the epidemic and ensuring oil supply.

"You are here to fight the epidemic, and we cheer for you." Six female employees have fulfilled their promises with love and responsibility.

On January 23, Wuhan was closed. "In the face of this invisible and intangible enemy, it is impossible not to be afraid." Xu Hongyan admits that the station is full of female employees. The oldest child in the family is a teenager and the youngest is only over one year old.

As a mother, Xu Hongyan is more aware of her responsibilities. "Everyone knows that it is safe to stay at home. However, if all this happens, will the gas station be closed? Where do epidemic prevention and rescue vehicles go to refuel? I am the oldest in the station. If you believe me, I assure you that as long as everyone does their own protection and disinfection in the station, everyone will not be infected. "

"The gas station is our position to fight the epidemic. The people of the whole country are supporting Wuhan. At the critical moment, none of us can be less. " Haron Lee, the oiler, said.

No one can be missing, and no one will be missing. It is the common aspiration of this group of ordinary workers in the front line of anti-epidemic.

"Is there anyone? Help, I don’t have a mask. Dare not go out, there is no food at home. " At 9: 00 on March 4th, the "119 party member Commando" of Wuhan Jiang ‘an District Fire Rescue Brigade was carrying out epidemic prevention and decontamination in Dijiao Community, and someone was vaguely heard shouting in the corridor of a unit building.

"Old man, what’s the matter with you?" Commando Kang Jing found the source of the sound on the fourth floor.

"I’m afraid to go out. I’ve eaten all the food at home." The old man is about 70 years old, his children are not in Wuhan, he dare not go out without a mask, and his living materials have been exhausted.

Seeing this situation, Kang Jing gave 50 masks and two bottles of alcohol carried with the car to the elderly and taught them how to use them. Later, through community group buying, the elderly were helped to buy vegetables, meat and other daily necessities. The old man repeatedly said, "Young man, it’s very kind of you!"

"In the community, the information access channels for elderly people living alone are relatively narrow. They don’t know that the community can distribute materials." Kang Jing promptly gave feedback to the community about the situation of the elderly. Since then, the community has delivered daily living materials to the elderly. "As long as the residents need it, we will do our best to help them."

The story of fighting hand in hand is staged every day.

The Vulcan Hospital will be built in 10 days, and Thunder God Mountain hospital will be built in 12 days. Behind the amazing speed of China in the world, there are countless pairs of unhesitatingly helping hands.

Upon receiving the news of the construction of Vulcan Mountain and Thunder God Mountain hospital, the officers and men of China Construction Third Bureau issued a well-documented voice, "Wait for the notice and start at any time".

Chen Jinguo, 54, is the "Chief Technician of Hubei Province" and a tower crane dismantling worker in the equipment management company of China Construction Third Bureau No.2 Company. On January 23, after learning the news of the construction of Volcano Mountain Hospital, Chen Jinguo, who was in Wuhan, immediately said to the unit: "I am in Wuhan and I will come back when I am called."

Chen Longlong, the son of Chen Jinguo, also went to Vulcan Mountain this time. As a technician of China Construction Third Bureau Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Chen Longlong joined the project as early as January 25, mainly responsible for the system design of network communication and the weak current field construction of ward 2.

"Although we are in the same project, we have met twice, and we can only care about each other at lunch." Chen Jinguo said.

Yang Xue is a young volunteer in Hongshan District. Her main job is to send medical staff to and from work. At the beginning of the anti-epidemic, she took her cousin, who was a nurse, to and from work. At the same time, she found that there are still many medical staff facing the problem of difficulty in commuting.

Yang Xue’s eyes hurt her heart. She quickly discussed with several friends and decided to set up a volunteer convoy of "Guardian Angels" to provide free shuttle service for medical workers. As soon as the call was issued, many people signed up. At present, the "Guardian Angel" volunteer team has 30 sports cars every day. Everyone picks up medical staff on the road every day and does the work of material transportation.

"It is very meaningful to be a volunteer and defend our great Wuhan with everyone." Yang Xue said.

Zhang Chunxiang is an ordinary sanitation worker in Wuhan Economic Development Zone. On January 28th, Wuhan just closed the city. She suddenly received a notice from the company that she needed a group of people to do cleaning in the west area of Union Medical College Hospital. Put the phone down, Zhang Chunxiang thought for a moment. "I thought at the time that someone had to do this. I have been doing sanitation work for more than ten years and have experience. My children are adults and there is no burden. I want to stand up and sign up for the first time. "

Subsequently, Zhang Chunxiang and more than a dozen other colleagues went to work in the West District of Union Medical College Hospital. They are faced with heavy tasks such as disinfection, mopping the floor and garbage packing every day.

"When I first entered the ward, to be honest, I was also afraid and afraid. However, before taking up the post, the nurse gave us training and taught us how to protect. Before entering the ward, there are also professional doctors who repeatedly check whether the protective clothing, goggles, masks, gloves and foot covers we wear are in place. Here, we see experts from Beijing and Heilongjiang treating patients, and medical staff from other provinces come to support Wuhan. At that moment, I felt warm and powerful inside. Our Wuhan will definitely get better! " Zhang Chunxiang said.

On one occasion, Zhang Chunxiang went to the ward to collect garbage and saw a mother-in-law’s bedpan full. The old woman was too old to move easily. Without thinking, Zhang Chunxiang went to help her mother-in-law dump the bedpan, rinse it off and put it in place. And this is not her job.

In Wuhan, there are too many cleaners like Zhang Chunxiang. They are in hospitals, in streets, in communities and in public places … No matter where they are, they are making silent efforts with their own actions and making important contributions to preventing the spread of the virus. Their work may not be as vigorous as that of frontline medical staff, but it is also an important line of defense in epidemic prevention and control.

……

Many years ago, there was an article all over the Internet, which talked about the spirit of Chinese people from China’s fairy tales. Suiren’s drilling for fire, Dayu’s water control, Yugong’s moving mountains, Kuafu’s shooting at the sun day by day … Even in these imaginative stories, Chinese doesn’t expect external forces when encountering difficulties. Neither seeking God nor Dont Ask For Help, I am determined to overcome difficulties by my indomitable spirit, day-to-day pursuit and persistence of my children and grandchildren. The story endings that transcend reality are not so much a gift from the gods as a miracle on earth brought by perseverance! This spiritual inheritance was vividly demonstrated in the "epidemic" of Wuhan War.

No one in the world is born a hero, and no one stands up for no reason. It is the historical memory of rejuvenating the country through suffering and the national spirit of constant self-improvement that makes the city a hero, and makes the people of a country wave upon wave and give up who else.

Former US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger once said, "I think China’s greatest luck is that there are people living in this land, and China has always been well protected by their bravest people." China does have a great people, but it is not only by illusory luck or probability, but also by the spiritual heritage of the sages who used their flesh and blood to defend the country and the national self-esteem carved into the bones by contemporary people. Every time Chinese struggles in suffering, it is the sons and daughters of China who uphold the concept of "the rise and fall of the world, and every man has a responsibility"!

Only in this way can we see one application for going out to war after another, and one suicide note after another, that is, "the country will live and die" … This unprecedented war "epidemic" has made us learn from our predecessors after thousands of years, and also made the world know the endless faith and courage of the Chinese nation. In the face of the raging epidemic, Chinese once again proved himself: no matter whether the country is safe or the national rejuvenation, what he always supports and relies on is the endless national spirit and the eternal national righteousness!

(Written by: Qiao Shenying, Qu Changfu, Zhu Guowang, Chang Li, Zhou Lin and Yuan Yong)

　　Author: Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Shao Xiangyun Huang Jianglin Liu Weizhen Yin Siyuan

　　The water level of the river continued to fall, and some people affected by the disaster returned to their homes, and more than 2.4 billion cubic meters of flood water was discharged into the sea … …

　　On August 17th, in Shaoqidi Village, Huanghuadian Town, wuqing district, Tianjin, Kou Zhiming (second from left), director of the village committee, welcomed the villagers back to the village. Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Sun Fanyue photo

　　After more than 20 days and nights of fighting, Tianjin’s flood control and relief work has achieved initial results.

　　Affected by Typhoon Du Surui, since the end of July, there have been heavy rains in many places in the north, and a basin-wide flood has occurred in Haihe River. As the main "estuary" of floods in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Tianjin undertakes 75% of the flood discharge tasks in Haihe River Basin.

　　For Tianjin, which is low-lying and located at the end of the Nine Rivers, this is a big battle and a big test.

　　"No casualties, no dam collapse, no breach of important dikes and no impact on important infrastructure". In order to achieve this goal, the cadres and the masses and the officers and men of Tianjin party member have been sticking to the front line so far.

　　Officers and men of a detachment of the First Mobile Corps of the Armed Police Force rushed to build a dam at the Daqinghe Branch Canal Bridge (photo taken on August 10, photo of drone). Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Zhao Zishuo photo

　　(A) "wake up step by step, all response"

　　On July 29, the rainstorm was like a note. In the Tianjin Emergency Rescue Command Center, the big screen flashes real-time meteorological dynamics and river regime … …

　　The forecast of possible floods in Ziya River, Yongding River and Daqing River came, and the staff looked nervous: there may be a severe situation of three floods in Tianjin. This is a situation that has not happened for many years!

　　That night, Tianjin urgently convened all parties to discuss the grievances. In the early morning of the next day, after the meeting, Tianjin immediately launched a flood control level III emergency response.

　　A flat and efficient command system was also quickly launched.

　　— — Responsible comrades of all departments went to the front line of flood control and flood fighting to deploy and dispatch flood control and mass transfer and resettlement work.

　　On August 2nd, hydrologists operated an unmanned hydrologic monitoring ship for hydrologic monitoring at the upstream of the flood gate of Duliujian River in Tianjin. Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Sun Fanyue photo

　　— — Meteorology, water affairs, emergency, public security, urban management, fire rescue, etc. quickly deploy professional backbones to the emergency rescue command center to ensure wake-up call.

　　— — In accordance with the plan, all districts should ensure the smooth flow of information and do a good job in flood control, emergency rescue and disaster relief.

　　… …

　　As the flood situation intensifies, Tianjin will first prepare to open the Yongding River floodplain. On the afternoon of July 31, more than 35,000 people in the Pan-area were transferred in just 10 hours.

　　At 1 am on August 1, Tianjin launched a flood control level I emergency response. At 2 o’clock in the morning, the Dongdian flood storage and detention area was opened. The main responsible comrades of the Tianjin Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government rushed to the front line for several days to dispatch flood control and emergency rescue and mass transfer and resettlement work. All districts and departments in the city take their positions and perform their duties. Cadres and the masses took to the dam in the rain, reinforced the dam and investigated hidden dangers … …

　　In Taitou Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, Lei Zhu, deputy mayor of Taitou Town, made an inspection tour on the north bank (photo taken on August 13th). Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Li Ran photo

　　Tianjin fangzhi coordinated the implementation of 145,600 rescue teams at the city and district levels, waking up step by step, responding fully and updating daily.

　　Wang Jiangang, a retired cadre of the Marine Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, saw the serious flood in the Haihe River basin, volunteered to come to the Yongding River floodplain, waded with young people to check the dangerous situation, analyzed where the dangerous section was, and how to get into the floodplain, and made suggestions.

　　"The Yongding River has not been flooded for a long time, and it is necessary for me to make another effort to defend against the flood." Wang Jiangang said.

　　In the "rear area", the disaster relief materials reserve and allocation departments are also at full capacity to ensure the front-line demand in an orderly manner.

　　On August 3, in Taitou Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, workers participated in the heightening and reinforcement of the dam on the north bank of Daqing River. Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Sun Fanyue photo

　　Vehicles carrying flaky piles, sand and stone materials lined up in a long line, busy and orderly entering and leaving the rescue site. In the notebook of Zeng Tianrong, the chief of the Disaster Relief Coordination Section of Jinghai District Emergency Management Bureau, a series of material accounts were clearly and accurately recorded. Because of many days of high-intensity work, Zeng Tianrong’s voice has been hoarse. He told reporters: "We are on duty 24 hours a day, responding to emergency needs at any time to ensure that materials are supplied in time."

　　Up to now, Tianjin has successfully responded to the flood peak crossing, investigated and handled more than 60 dangerous situations such as dam leakage and piping, and allocated more than 30 kinds of flood control and rescue materials such as geotextile, sand, cement and life jackets, effectively ensuring the first-line flood control and rescue.

　　The emergency rescue team is handling sandbags to deal with the seepage of the dam near Beiwei, Qingbei District, Taitou Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin (photo taken on August 15). Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Zhao Zishuo photo

　　(B) "One more minute of water discharge, the upstream water level may drop by one centimeter."

　　"The upstream incoming water level is 10 cm higher than the downstream tidal water level."

　　"Continue to vent!"

　　This is the floodgate of Duliujian River, which was photographed from a helicopter, where Daqing River and Ziya River merge into Duliujian River (photo taken on August 8). Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Sun Fanyue photo

　　At 17: 00 on August 12, the Daqing River flooded into the sea — — In tidal gate, where the river is reduced by Duliu River, the staff is determining the gate state according to the change of water level and tidal level.

　　Xing Jun, director of the tidal gate Management Office of Duliujian River, Haihe Downstream Management Bureau of the Ministry of Water Resources, told the reporter that the opening and closing time of the sluice should be changed in real time according to the water level and tide level, and the water level should be closely watched for 24 hours. As long as the incoming water level is higher than the tide level, the sluice will be lifted immediately to discharge flood. He said: "One more minute of water discharge, the upstream water level may drop by one centimeter."

　　On August 9th, the tidal gate opened for 23 hours, setting a new high of 80.78 million cubic meters of flood discharge in a single day.

　　Tianjin has a dense river network and developed water system. The South Canal, North Canal, Ziya River, Daqing River and Yongding River converge into the sea in Tianjin.

　　Tianjin Duliujian River enters Hongnan Gate, which was filmed on August 2nd. Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Sun Fanyue photo

　　According to Li Baoguo, a senior engineer of Tianjin Research Institute of Water Conservancy, the flood discharge process is mainly to let the Yongding River flood into the sea from the Yongding New River, the Daqing River flood into the sea from the Duliu Jianhe River, and the Ziya New River flood into the sea from the Ziya New River. He said: "Only when the upstream and downstream cooperate can Tianjin flood more efficiently."

　　In this battle against catastrophic floods, all localities and all aspects cooperated with each other to ensure the scientific, efficient and orderly work of flood control and flood relief.

　　Tianjin Water Affairs Department coordinates the upstream and downstream, consults the water and rain conditions in linkage, communicates meteorological and dispatching measures, and issues flood forecasts rolling by river system, providing information support for the next flood parade.

　　Wang Hongfu, deputy director of Tianjin Water Affairs Bureau, said that with the support of upstream rain and water information, they constantly revised the arrival time of water from Daqing River in Tianjin. On August 3, they provided accurate forecast information to the headquarters one day in advance, which grabbed sufficient preparation time for the smooth flood discharge in Dongdian flood storage and detention area.

　　The staff inspected the warehouse in Tianjin Relief Materials Reserve Station (photo taken on August 16). Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Li Ran photo

　　According to Xue Feng, deputy section chief of the Information and Statistics Department of the Affairs Center of Tianjin Emergency Management Bureau, on the afternoon of August 8, Tianjin applied for flood control materials support, and the central relief materials were shipped that evening. Subsequently, disaster relief materials shipped from the central disaster relief material reserve were delivered to Tianjin one after another.

　　With the strong support of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council and the Emergency Management Department, more than 15,000 people from 86 units of 13 central enterprises, including China Anneng, China Railway, China Railway Construction and State Grid, quickly gathered in Tianjin to fully support the flood fighting and rescue work.

　　In the early morning of August 9th, in Taitou Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, firefighters from tianjin fire Rescue Corps patrolled the Revolutionary Bridge. Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Sun Fanyue photo

　　Officers and men of the People’s Liberation Army and the Armed Police also came … …

　　Unity is strength, invincible. Up to now, Tianjin has accumulated more than 3 billion cubic meters of upstream floods, and more than 80% of them have been discharged into the sea.

　　Officers and men of a detachment of the First Mobile Corps of the Armed Police Force filled sandbags used to reinforce dams at the rescue site (photo taken on August 11). Photo by Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Zhao Zishuo.

　　(3) "Notice from door to door to ensure that no one is left behind"

　　On August 12th, Zhang Jiaquan, a villager from Pangzui Village, Beichen District, Tianjin, returned to his home. On July 31, after the emergency transfer with more than 2,000 villagers in the village, he has lived outside the village for 13 days.

　　The streets and lanes have been cleaned. Seeing that more than 100 piglets raised by his family grow well, Zhang Jiaquan is grateful to the cadres in the village.

　　On the day of leaving home, the village cadres helped him look after these little guys together.

　　In Taitou Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, Cai Jie, director of Taitou Police Station, helped transfer people to feed pigs (photo taken on August 13). Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Li Ran photo

　　Duan Yi, the first resident secretary of Pangzui Village, said that during this time, they have been patrolling the village and the river, helping the villagers to feed livestock and poultry, doing disinfection and epidemic prevention in advance, and waiting for the villagers to go home.

　　On August 17, the staff carried out disinfection work in Taitou Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin. Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Zhao Zishuo photo

　　The tension before the flood is still vivid.

　　Since July 31, numbered floods have occurred in Yongding River and Daqing River, and the Yongding River floodplain and Dongdian flood storage and detention area have been opened.

　　Shaoqidi Village, wuqing district, Tianjin, located at the junction of Tianjin and Hebei, is the "first stop" for Yongding River to enter Tianjin. At 22: 00 on August 1, the flood head of Yongding River arrived here. The day before, all the people in the village had moved.

　　Kou Zhiming, secretary of the Party branch of Shaoqidi Village and director of the village committee, said: "We have set up a special work class to notify from house to house to ensure that no one is left behind."

　　After receiving the evacuation order, Wuqing, Beichen, Jinghai and Xiqing, which are involved in the Yongding River floodplain and the Dongdian flood storage and detention area, raced against time to set up more than 20 relocation sites and relocated more than 86,000 people, of which more than 5,480 people were resettled.

　　The protection of resettlement sites is also warm.

　　The Gaoshu couple in their 60 s were the first villagers to move to the resettlement site of Shuigaozhuang Industrial Park in Xiqing District. A dormitory converted from an office is simple and warm. According to Gao Shusheng, meals are delivered, and there is air conditioning in the room, so food and shelter are all good.

　　Transfer people to look after children in the resettlement site of Qinhe Confucian Garden in Xiqing District, Tianjin (photo taken on August 9). Xinhua Daily Telegraph Photo by Li Ran

　　"We have set up a special working group, and the people’s meals, medical treatment and living materials are guaranteed." Pan Yuxin, deputy director of the Standing Committee of Jinghai District People’s Congress stationed at the resettlement site of Chilong South Street, said.

　　The care of the disabled and demented group is a major difficulty in the transfer and resettlement work. In Jinghai District, Haifuxiang Nursing Home specially received more than 140 older villagers with basic diseases and mobility difficulties.

　　In Haifuxiang Nursing Home in Jinghai District, Tianjin, the staff assisted their families to send people who were inconvenient to move to temporary resettlement sites to the nursing home (photo taken on August 3). Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Sun Fanyue photo

　　An old man who had suffered from cerebral hemorrhage had hematuria symptoms after coming to the hospital. The nursing staff contacted Tianjin Jinghai District Hospital at the first time and sent the old man to the hospital for treatment with an ambulance. The patient was out of danger.

　　The medical staff told the elderly to transfer medication in the resettlement site of Haifuxiang Nursing Home (photo taken on August 9). Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter Li Ran photo

　　Zhang Junwu, deputy commander of Tianjin’s flood prevention index and director of the Tianjin Emergency Management Bureau, said that according to the deployment requirements of the city’s flood prevention index, all relevant districts quickly launched the application plan for flood storage and detention areas, and refined the step-by-step transfer measures of "investing in relatives and friends, special people and centralized resettlement" to fully protect the lives of the transferred people.

　　The people in Tianjin Dongdian flood storage and detention area and Yongding River flood area "should turn around" and there were no casualties.

　　As the flood recedes, more and more displaced people return to their homes.

　　If you open the column,

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has visited revolutionary memorial sites many times during his local investigation and research, stressing the need to learn from China’s revolutionary history, fine traditions and spirit.

　　Pursuing the red footprint and realizing the initial mission. From now on, this newspaper will launch the column "New Ideas Lead a New Journey-Red Footprint", follow the red footprint of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, interview the parties, recall the events of that year, review the important exposition and the spirit of important instructions of the General Secretary, vividly review the glorious revolutionary history, excellent revolutionary tradition and great revolutionary spirit of the Red Holy Land, fully reflect the local cadres and masses to remember the entrustment of the General Secretary, vigorously carry forward the red tradition and inherit the red gene, and work hard to change the development face and create a more vivid and happy life.

　　从石库门到天安门，从小小红船到巍巍巨轮，从50多名党员到9000多万名党员，中国共产党团结带领人民，创造了举世瞩目的伟大成就。

　　2017年10月31日，最高领袖总书记带领中共中央政治局常委来到上海和浙江嘉兴，瞻仰上海中共一大会址和浙江嘉兴南湖红船。最高领袖总书记指出：“上海党的一大会址、嘉兴南湖红船是我们党梦想起航的地方。我们党从这里诞生，从这里出征，从这里走向全国执政。这里是我们党的根脉。”

　　回望百年求索路，追随红色足迹行。翻开风云激荡的红色篇章，上海、浙江广大干部群众在历史中汲取力量，不忘初心、牢记使命、接续奋斗，不断创造更加幸福美好的生活。

　　一流城市要有一流治理

　　梧桐掩映着宁静道路，沿街一幢石库门建筑伫立。乌漆大门、青砖粉线，门楣拱形雕花，屋顶红旗飘扬，这里是上海中共一大会址纪念馆所在地。纪念馆留言簿上，黄宝妹老人留言：“上海是党的诞生地，上海人民很光荣，有责任把上海建设得更好。”

　　Huang Baomei, a 90-year-old national model worker, always likes to take a walk in Yangpu Riverside. In 2017, 45 kilometers of shoreline public space on both sides of Huangpu River will be connected; In 2020, the 42-kilometer shoreline public space in the central city of Suzhou Creek will be connected. Shanghai will open the beautiful waterfront in the city center to public space.

　　On November 2, 2019, Huang Baomei met with General Secretary of the Supreme Leader at the Party-Mass Service Station of Yangpu Binjiang Renrenwu. "I introduced to the General Secretary that I am a native of Shanghai and have witnessed the great changes in Shanghai from old China to new China to a new era. I am extremely proud of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and Socialism with Chinese characteristics."

　　Huang Baomei witnessed the transformation from "industrial rust belt" to "life show belt".

　　On November 2, 2019, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader who visited Shanghai came to the riverside section of Yangshupu Waterworks, a riverside public space in Yangpu District, and walked along the riverside trestle to see the scenery on both sides of the Huangpu River. During the visit, he met many citizens who were relaxing and exercising and had a cordial conversation with them. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that cities are people’s cities and people’s cities are people. Whether it’s urban planning or urban construction, whether it’s the construction of new urban areas or the transformation of old urban areas, we should adhere to the people-centered, focus on the needs of the people, rationally arrange the production, living and ecological space, take a connotative, intensive and green high-quality development path, and strive to create a good environment that is suitable for business, living, music and travel, so as to give people more sense of gain and create a happier and better life for the people.

　　Nowadays, the banks of the Huangpu River have become a paradise for ordinary people to live and work.

　　Xia Juanjuan, an 85-year-old man, is busy learning calligraphy and Chinese painting at the first sub-station of Jiaxing Road Street in Hongkou District. She said, "My old age is getting better and better!"

　　Grandma Xia has been here for 3 years. She is one of the old people in the day care center in the post station. Day care center is a new model of community home-based care for the aged, which is characterized by "the elderly go to nursery during the day to receive care, participate in activities and go home at night".

　　On November 6, 2018, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader walked into the first sub-station of Jiaxing Road Street in Hongkou District, and inspected the comprehensive service window, the old-age care center and the party building workstation one by one. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the community is the nerve endings of the Party committee and the government to contact and serve the masses, and it is necessary to promptly perceive the worries, worries and worries of community residents and solve them one by one.

　　On that day, the old people excitedly held the hand of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and told the General Secretary about their happy old age. The general secretary pointed out that China has entered an aging society, and it is our common wish to provide the elderly with a sense of security, happiness, health and longevity.

　　At present, Hongkou District has set up 35 citizen stations, striving to create a "15-minute community life service circle" to "package" the livelihood needs of the elderly, such as dining, day care, medical care, cultural and sports activities, and party and mass services.

　　In the Pudong New Area Urban Operation Integrated Management Center, the whole area of Pudong is clearly presented on the big screen. On November 6, 2018, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came here to learn about Shanghai’s refined urban management and the operation of the single window of international trade through the big screen. The general secretary pointed out that first-class cities should have first-class governance and pay attention to scientific, refined and intelligent efforts.

　　Nowadays, Pudong has further expanded the intelligence and refinement of urban management and realized "unified management through one network".

　　Vigorously carry forward the "red boat spirit" in combination with the characteristics of the times

　　In October, 2002, he was transferred as the deputy secretary of Zhejiang Provincial Committee and the supreme leader comrade of acting governor, and made a special trip to Jiaxing Nanhu to pay tribute to the Red Boat. On the first working day after the Spring Festival in 2005, members of the theoretical learning center of Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee came to Nanhu to pay tribute to the Red Boat and held a special study meeting on educational activities to maintain the advanced nature of Communist party member.

　　Comrade Supreme Leader pointed out that the pioneering spirit of pioneering the world, daring to be the first, firm ideals and indomitable spirit of struggle, and the dedication of building the Party for the public and being loyal to the people are the source of China’s revolutionary spirit and the profound connotation of the "Red Boat Spirit".

　　At the southern end of Dayun exit in Jiashan County, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, Shanghai-Hangzhou Expressway, there is a well-known Miaojia Village, with villas, small bridges and flowing water, and Huahai Farm.

　　Miaojia Village in this scene was a poor village in Jiashan County more than 10 years ago. At one time, the collective disposable funds were less than 50,000 yuan, and the per capita annual income of farmers was less than that of 1000 yuan. Today, the village collective economic income has reached 13.8 million yuan, and the per capita disposable income of the village exceeds 50,000 yuan.

　　The change originated 13 years ago. In 2008, The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), then the Communist Party of China and Vice President of the State, conducted research and guidance in Miaojia Village.

　　At that time, Chai Jinfu, the head of Jiaxing Guardian Horticulture Co., Ltd., was facing an unprecedented choice in his career: low-end facilities and flower varieties, should he change? There is a time limit for the transfer of land. Can it be done? "The supreme leader comrade came to Miaojia Village for investigation and guidance, which encouraged everyone. Thanks to the government’s support for the transfer of land to carry out moderate scale operation, we ate ‘ Reassuring pills ’ Constantly make the flower industry bigger and stronger. " Today, Chai Jinfu’s company not only doubled its benefits, but also drove more than 100 farmers around to plant flowers, helping Dayun Town become the largest production base of fresh cut flowers in the province.

　　Bai Zheng, who often goes to the village clinic to take his blood pressure, said that the village has changed a lot in recent years. Now every elderly person has a pension, which is more than 2,000 yuan per month.

　　Guide the "two new" organizations party member to play an active role.

　　During lunch break or leisure time after work, everyone sits around and reads party constitution, learns the history of the Party, or reads newspapers and talks about their experiences. This is the daily scene of the Party-Mass Service Center in Lujiazui Financial City. The center serves 362 Party organizations and 9,337 party member in the Financial City.

　　On November 6, 2018, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came here to learn more about the party building work carried out by the center. The General Secretary pointed out that with the diversification of economic components and employment methods, more and more party member are employed in new economic organizations and new social organizations. We should do a good job in the education management of party member and guide them to play an active role. The General Secretary hopes that Shanghai will continue to explore and take the lead in strengthening grassroots party building.

　　There are 285 commercial buildings in the 31.78-square-kilometer financial city. There are more than 43,000 enterprises in these "vertical communities", with more than 500,000 employees of all kinds, and the average age is only 29.5 years old.

　　"The general secretary stressed that grassroots party building should not only carry forward fine traditions, but also keep pace with the times, constantly adapt to the new situation, broaden the fields of grassroots party building, and make sure that wherever party member works and lives, the party organizations will cover it, so that party member can find an organization and find a home no matter where." Zhang Yuxiang, Party Secretary of Lujiazui Administration, recalled.

　　Yuan Yefeng, secretary of the comprehensive Party Committee of Lujiazui Financial and Trade Zone, said that they pay attention to the "personality" excavation of party building work by strengthening the "youth elements" and "times elements".

　　On March 19th this year, the Lujiazui Financial City Building Conference was held in Shanghai Tower, and the first batch of 39 key buildings "Building Meetings" were awarded, which unveiled the building party-mass organization alliance and the building work guidance center.

　　In 2020, Lujiazui Financial City ranks first in the major development zones in Pudong in terms of economic aggregate, tax revenue and fiscal revenue growth. The tax revenue of registered enterprises is about 100 billion yuan. The number of licensed financial institutions increased by 31, the headquarters of multinational companies increased by 13, and the number of foreign-funded asset management institutions exceeded 100 for the first time.

　　Not only does the party organization cover buildings, but the legislative contact point also opens to the doorstep of the people.

　　Xia Yunlong, who is over eighty years old, is an information officer at the legislative contact point of Hongqiao Street. The first forum he participated in was to discuss issues related to the National Anthem Law. "I suggest that citizens all over the country should not only raise the national flag, pay attention to the ceremony, but also sing the national anthem when attending major conferences." Xia Yunlong said, "This article has been adopted! It is really that the people have a call and the law should respond. "

　　In Hongqiao Street, there are 280 information workers like Xia Yunlong. With them as the main body, 10 consulting units and 8 professional talent pools as supplements, the legislative contact point has set up a "one body and two wings" working structure, which organically combines mass and professionalism.

　　Hu Yu’ ang, secretary of the Party Working Committee of Hongqiao Street and director of the Working Committee of the National People’s Congress, said that as of November last year, the legislative contact point of Hongqiao Street had completed the collection of opinions on 45 laws, summarized and sorted out more than 800 suggestions, and 51 suggestions were adopted.

　　People’s Daily (May 17, 2021, 01 edition)

Special feature of 1905 film network "I am just an ordinary person, no different from others, except that my job is an actor."In a cabin by the railroad tracks,Tony Leung Chiu WaiHolding a cup of coffee in hand, I talked about my life with a smile.

This is a scene from Tony Leung Chiu Wai’s exclusive documentary short film "At this moment, Tony Leung Chiu Wai tells you", and it is also the overall temperament of this short film: calm, peaceful and thoughtful.Following the official announcement on January 30th, Tony Leung Chiu Wai brought this documentary short film "At this moment, Tony Leung Chiu Wai tells you", which was updated twice a day from February 2nd to February 4th, with a total of six episodes.

In the documentary short film, the audience will follow Tony Leung Chiu Wai on the streets of foreign countries, listen to him review the past, share the present, look forward to the future, and explain the experience of performance and life.

Different from the image of cherishing words like gold in the past, Tony Leung Chiu Wai in the short film is particularly relaxed and talkative, which is inseparable from the director behind the camera.

The film co-produced by the two will be released on February 5, and because of this film, they have established extraordinary trust and tacit understanding.

This time, Weng Ziguang once again served as the director of the documentary short film, which not only brought poetic film texture to the picture, but also allowed Tony Leung Chiu Wai to let go of his guard and communicate with netizens like an old friend.

After 40 years as an artist, his works have exceeded 100, and Tony Leung Chiu Wai in the audience’s field of vision has always been a complex polyhedron. millions of peopleThe best actor who attracts attention, the literary hero who can talk with his eyes, or the "social fear" who is naturally low-key, which side is the real Tony Leung Chiu Wai?At this moment, listen to him say to you.

Childhood and the past

"After Dad left, I began to hide everything in it."Many people can’t imagine that childhood Tony Leung Chiu Wai was a fragile child hiding in the quilt and crying.

Father drinks heavily and often quarrels with his mother. At this time, it seems that only the bed can give him a meager sense of security.This growing environment has also created Tony Leung Chiu Wai’s naturally susceptible personality."I have been particularly sensitive since I was a child, and this is also something that is especially needed for being an actor and doing art."

In his lonely childhood, fortunately, there was another thing to comfort him, and that was the movie.Mother Liang has seven brothers and sisters, and everyone likes different kinds of movies.As a "companion", Tony Leung Chiu Wai was also exposed to all kinds of films from an early age.

He still remembers that the first time he saw a movie was "Tianshi Catch the Demon".Like many art films that he watched with his mother later, he watched them in a fog when he was young.But it is in this subtle way that watching movies has become an indispensable part of his life.

"During the 120 minutes in the cinema, I can temporarily leave the real life and completely (immerse) in the movie world. This is what movies mean to me."

Perhaps, because of this fate, Tony Leung Chiu Wai entered the training class for wireless TV artists.There, he also met Bole — — Lin lizhen."She is a very important person in my actress career. It can be said that without her, there would be no me today."

Lin Lizhen still remembers that at that time, in a class of students, she picked Tony Leung Chiu Wai at a glance."He is very personality.writingsilentBut those eyes are really beautiful and full of curiosity and sincerity. "In this way, from the children’s program "430 space shuttle", Tony Leung Chiu Wai entered the entertainment circle.

In just a few years, he successively appeared in several hit TV series, such as The Prodigal Son of Xiangcheng, The Duke Of Mount Deer, Brother Xinzha, Eternal Dragon Slayer, Double Pride, and so on.

Tony Leung Chiu Wai’s first drama "The Prodigal Son of Xiangcheng"

Facing the fast-paced working environment and sudden fame, Tony Leung Chiu Wai will inevitably feel depressed and confused.Lin Lizhen’s office has become a tree hole and a safe haven for him to relieve stress. Many words of "teacher" have benefited him for life, such as that sentence:

"Life is sometimes like crossing a river, with many stones in the middle.Some are big, wide and flat, others are small, sharp and slippery.Sometimes you fall into the water,But don’t treat a person’s head as a stone. "

From a little boy to a big star, the sensitive and fragile factor in Tony Leung Chiu Wai’s heart has always existed. Only by performing, he found a way to release it.

"I liked acting for selfish reasons. I just wanted to find a channel to vent my depressed emotions. For me, acting is a kind of balance in life."

Present and future

"Not only the eyes that talk, but also the heart that wants to see you."This is the first short video released by Tony Leung Chiu Wai, which responds to the audience’s long-standing preference for his "eye skills" with "earthy love stories".

In the documentary short film, he also explained his performance experience in detail.In the seemingly gifted "eye skill"highlight"Behind, it is his meticulous thinking about the role, and always achieve 90 points of self-cultivation.

The director once commented on Tony Leung Chiu Wai: On the surface, he seems to be careless, but he works hard in private."I will give you at least 90 points before entering the camera, because I don’t want to waste time. This is the accomplishment that actors should have."

No matter where the studio is, Tony Leung Chiu Wai is often the first person to arrive, and he will listen to the director quietly behind the camera during the break.He is the ultimate experiencer. He doesn’t like watching the monitor, but devotes himself to the role.

"Actors should not be too conscious. When you throw yourself into it, many actions come naturally, so there is no trace of performance."

In the past 40 years, Tony Leung Chiu Wai has cooperated with a series of famous directors, such as, Wong Kar-wai, etc. They are all famous for their strict requirements.

Wong Kar-wai, in particular, is a famous director who likes to "torture" actors, but in Tony Leung Chiu Wai’s view, this is the only way to achieve a good work.

"I always think that the director should be ruthless, and he should keep asking me."

"Work belongs to work and friends belong to friends. If we want to achieve the purpose of that play, we can’t be soft-hearted."

Just like this, Tony Leung Chiu Wai and Wong Kar-wai worked together to complete a series of classic works, which won him the best actor in the Hong Kong Film Awards for many times, and also won the best actor title in Cannes Film Festival for In the Mood for Love.

Seven Academy Awards trophies, one Cannes trophy, and Tony Leung Chiu Wai’s impressive award-winning record make other actors can only match. But for him who strives for perfection in everything, these "medals" are pressures and burdens.

Tony Leung Chiu Wai’s classic role

Even if it is recognized by the outside world as a "deity performance", Tony Leung Chiu Wai can always see the shortcomings when he looks back."I don’t enjoy it at all. I will review what’s wrong and don’t make the same mistake next time."

Perhaps because of the pursuit of perfection, Tony Leung Chiu Wai admits that he has been staying in the "comfort zone" and rarely cooperates with unfamiliar directors.

"I was born to be the kind of person who didn’t dare to take risks, maybe because I was afraid of losing and failing."But now, standing at the threshold of 40 years of debut, Tony Leung Chiu Wai has found the courage to start again: boldly try different types of films and cooperate with new directors.

It is Tony Leung Chiu Wai’s career ambition to "jump out of the comfort zone", but he is still the "ordinary person" who likes to hide behind the role without the aura of a movie star.

"When I’m not acting, what’s the difference between me and ordinary people? I also eat, drink and sleep every day, and I can only eat a bowl of rice. "

Tony Leung Chiu Wai, who has returned to life, is never tired of the triviality and repetition of daily life. Even simple surfing and eating can have a different body odor every day."If you live a simple life, people will be much happier" has long been Tony Leung Chiu Wai’s motto.

In this way, listening to Tony Leung Chiu Wai’s calm talk, all kinds of auras, labels and identities that have surrounded him for many years seem to be gradually merged into one, and a more real image is outlined together.

He is a superstar who shines in the world and an ordinary person who has experienced joys and sorrows.I really should have said that "life is like a play, and play is like life".

This time, Tony Leung Chiu Wai brought "This moment, Tony Leung Chiu Wai tells you", which is the first time that he presented his personal life and career to the outside world in a documentary short film.Know a more real Tony Leung Chiu Wai, at this moment, listen to what he says to you.

Original editorial department MengMeng changxiao healthy

Ms. Wang’s husband, Li Shifu, is in his early fifties. He is usually a contractor. He goes out early and comes back late. He works hard in the construction site all the year round. Near the end of the year, she deliberately stewed chicken soup and let him make up for it. On the second day after eating delicious food, Li Shifu felt bitter mouth and poor stool.

After three days of continuous constipation, he used too much force when going to the toilet. Hemorrhoids that had grown for half a year suddenly bled heavily and were rushed to the hospital for emergency treatment. Fortunately, emergency doctors stopped bleeding in time, which did not cause more serious consequences.

Ms. Wang was frightened by the present situation. She couldn’t figure out how it happened suddenly.

Later, I remembered that the problem may be ginseng in chicken soup!

Distressed about her husband, she deliberately put a red ginseng in the soup. The doctor said: Li Shifu usually has dry stool and sticky tongue coating. Six months ago, a physical examination also found a lot of hemorrhoids, belonging to damp heat constitution, which is not suitable for taking ginseng as a tonic. Hemorrhoid bleeding is actually a manifestation of "purging fire".

The Chinese New Year is coming, and many people often want to buy some tonic for their families to replenish their health.

Ginseng medicinal materials-are our most common supplements. But in fact, there are very few people who will eat ginseng. Today, Xiaobian will give you a good talk.

These ten kinds of people are not suitable for eating ginseng!

After all, ginseng is a medicine, not a food suitable for everyone. Eating it indiscriminately can not only make up the body, but also often has many side effects. These ten categories of people should pay special attention to it.

1. People poisoned by sores and ulcers

Often boils and festers, with toxic heat inside. Taking ginseng is beneficial and harmless. Li Shifu, who drank red ginseng chicken soup in the above article, is a typical negative case.

Second, a paunchy person

These people are obese and slow-moving. For this reason, they often hope to supplement their strength by taking them. But in fact, people’s appetite is strong and their weight continues to increase, which makes them feel heavier, drowsy, dizzy and dizzy.

Third, the red-faced person

Most of these people have high blood pressure, and their blood cholesterol and blood lipids are also high. After taking ginseng, they are prone to symptoms such as facial fire, headache, red eyes, insomnia, dreaminess, epistaxis and rising blood pressure.

Fourth, people with yellow and thick tongue coating

Tongue coating is a mirror of digestive tract. Normal tongue coating is thin and white and wet. If there is a thick or yellow or white tongue coating on the tongue surface, it means indigestion or damp heat in the body. Re-taking the meeting will cause loss of appetite and bloating, which will seriously aggravate the condition and affect the therapeutic effect.

5. People with purple tongue.

Chinese medicine believes that the purple and dark tongue is a sign of qi and blood stasis. Ginseng does not have the effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, but taking a large amount of ginseng will lead to stagnation of qi and blood, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, irritability and other symptoms.

Six, bloated people

Ginseng has obvious antidiuretic effect, so people who are usually in good health and suddenly swollen, or who often have swollen feet, should not take ginseng.

Seven, fever.

During the epidemic period, the cause of fever must be identified first and treated in time, and it should not be blindly tonic because of physical weakness. Improper consumption will complicate the condition and delay the treatment.

Eight, people with chest tightness and bloating

Attending the meeting aggravates the symptoms, making your abdominal distension like a drum, and you want to burp but you can’t.

Nine, people with red throat and sore throat

These people are either acute laryngitis, or the constitution belongs to heat and fire, and the ginseng is warm. After taking it, it is equivalent to adding fuel to the fire, which often causes sore throat.

Ten, disease-free and healthy people

Taking too much ginseng is not only unhealthy, but will lead to diseases. Especially for infants, children, and hot-blooded young people, you should not blindly take it.

Who is suitable for eating ginseng?

Generally speaking, ginseng is suitable for people with qi deficiency.

But there are many members of ginseng, such as ginseng, codonopsis pilosula, American ginseng … Facing all kinds of ginseng, it is more effective to eat it according to the symptoms!

An old man who has been ill for a long time.

Ginseng, red ginseng

Ginseng contains dozens of ginsenoside, peptides, amino acids, ginseng polysaccharide, volatile oil and other rich components, among which ginsenoside is the active component of ginseng.

Therefore, it has a wide range of effects on the digestive system, cardiovascular system, endocrine system, immune system and central nervous system of human body, so it can improve brain power and physical strength and enhance the immune function of the body.

Ginseng Rubra is a cooked product made of ginseng by steaming and drying. Ginseng Rubra and Ginseng Rubra are both suitable for the elderly and people who are chronically ill and weak, and are the first choice tonic for those who have yin deficiency and yang deficiency. Ginseng Rubra is often used in medicine to treat weakness or strengthen tonic.

What is the best way to eat?

Ginseng:

When stewing, put the sliced ginseng into a bowl, add a proper amount of water, seal the mouth of the bowl, put it into a pot and steam it for 1-2 hours.

When taking, cut ginseng into thin slices and put it in your mouth for taking.

Red ginseng:

Cook porridge, cut red ginseng into thin slices, and add a little when cooking porridge for breakfast;

Chew, cut red ginseng into thin slices, and chew it in your mouth, which has the effect of invigorating qi and refreshing.

Whether it is ginseng or red ginseng, 1~2 grams a day is enough, and eating too much will get angry ~

Anemia, people who often catch colds.

dangshen

Codonopsis pilosula is not warm and dry, but supplements the lung and spleen, which can replenish qi and blood. It basically has the efficacy of ginseng, but its strength is weaker than that of ginseng, and its advantage lies in its mild medicinal properties. In life, Codonopsis pilosula is an authentic health-care "home-cooked ginseng", which can be used for all kinds of people with deficiency of qi, fatigue, weakness of limbs, loss of appetite, loose stool, easy to catch a cold and poor immunity.

Modern scientific experiments have found that Codonopsis pilosula can increase hemoglobin and red blood cells by stimulating the vitality of the spleen, so it is often used to treat various anemia.

How to eat best:

Slice Codonopsis pilosula, boil it in water for 10~15 minutes, and drink it well after cooling.

You can also cook soup, such as Dangshen beef soup, Dangshen mutton soup, Dangshen chicken soup, etc. Note that the dosage of Dangshen can be 15-20 grams when cooking soup.

People who are fidgety, tired and work in high temperature.

American Ginseng

Panax quinquefolium is a kind of "cool" ginseng, which is bitter in taste, slightly sweet and cool in nature. It has the effects of nourishing yin and invigorating qi, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, removing irritability, clearing asthenic fire, strengthening vital energy and resisting fatigue. The greatest advantage of American ginseng is that it nourishes qi and yin, moistens the five internal organs, and has no disadvantages of being warm and dry and getting angry, so it is also called "no fire ginseng".

Modern research shows that American ginseng also has the functions of stopping bleeding, antidiuretic, regulating blood lipid, resisting hemorrhagic shock and enhancing immunity.

Some people get dizzy as soon as they stand up, which is mostly caused by postural hypotension. To solve this problem, you can also use some American ginseng.

What is the best way to eat?

Soak American ginseng slices in water instead of tea, put 1~3 slices at a time, brew with warm water, and then eat the slices after drinking;

People who often work at high temperature in summer can take American ginseng as a buccal tablet to prevent heatstroke.

People with cough due to lung heat and yellow and thick expectoration

the root of straight ladybell

Adenophora adenophora is a very clear medicine, which can enter the lungs when it is white. When lung qi goes up, fire will go up. Adenophora adenophora can reduce lung qi, so it can purge fire. The lungs like to moisten, and Adenophora adenophora is just a relatively moist medicine. Adenophora adenophora meets the lung’s preference in all aspects, so it is a lung-nourishing product.

Adenophora adenophora is suitable for chronic cough due to yin deficiency, cough due to lung heat, cough due to phlegm and blood, yellow and thick expectoration, cough due to dryness, whooping cough, throat obstruction due to deficiency heat, tracheitis, body fluid injury and thirst. People with cold cough should be forbidden to take Adenophora adenophora; Adenophora adenophora is forbidden for people without excess heat in zang-fu organs; Moreover, Adenophora adenophora can’t be used with Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae and Veratrum nigrum.

How to eat best?

You can take 50 grams of Adenophora adenophora, 25 grams of Polygonatum odoratum, 25 grams of lotus seeds and 25 grams of lily, and 1 egg and boil it into soup.

People who are upset, insomnia and irregular menstruation

root of red-rooted salvia

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that Salvia Miltiorrhiza is slightly cold and bitter in taste, and it has the effects of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, nourishing blood, calming the nerves, regulating menstruation and relieving pain, etc. It is mainly used for the treatment of irregular menstruation, postpartum stasis, restlessness and insomnia in clinic.

The human body causes qi stagnation and blood stasis due to various reasons, such as disharmony between liver and stomach, blood stasis block, blood heat and so on. Salvia miltiorrhiza can promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis and treat the symptoms of qi stagnation and blood stasis.

What is the best way to eat?

Salvia miltiorrhiza soaking in wine requires the use of salvia miltiorrhiza tablets, saffron and other medicines, and can be drunk after being soaked in white wine for about half a month. It is best not to drink too much every day, and control the number of times and the amount of drinking.

Female friends can make Danshen Yimu tea in their daily life. Take appropriate Danshen tablets and Leonurus heterophyllus and brew them in hot water. It can be brewed repeatedly, but it is not suitable for drinking overnight.

Ban Xiuwen, a master of traditional Chinese medicine, once said: "Ginseng and bird’s nest can kill people if they are not properly supplemented."

There are many kinds of ginseng, and its efficacy is not the same for different people, so it is most important to choose the right tonic! Knowing your body, consulting Chinese medicine practitioners, selecting suitable ginseng and adding other Chinese medicine ingredients to recuperate and tonify can often achieve the function of strengthening the body.

Pay attention to the holiday gifts, and it is more appropriate to send the participants!

References:

Bing Lin. Ginseng can’t get angry when eaten correctly [J]. Diet and Health Care, 2019, (23)

What’s the difference between all kinds of ginseng [J]. Health for All, 2018, (11):61.

Jin Jian, Zhu Yejing, Xiaoding. Do you really understand ginseng? [J]. Scientific Life, 2020, (11)

Who should not eat ginseng [J]. Science Grand View Garden, 1998, (4):61.

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