Standing at the forefront for forty years, Shenzhen’s meteorology has injected surging power into the construction of smart cities.

   China Meteorological News reporter Ding Jiwu correspondent Tang Li Cai Ran 

  "At 14 o’clock on the 17th, the center of tropical depression is located on the ocean surface about 790 kilometers southeast of Shenzhen, and our station has issued a white warning signal for typhoon …" At 16: 30 on August 17th, Shenzhen Meteorological Observatory released tropical depression information.

  On the 18th, the tropical depression in the South China Sea was strengthened into the No.7 typhoon "Haigaosi" this year. At 11: 00 that day, the Shenzhen Meteorological Early Warning and Forecasting Center issued a typhoon risk warning message to the whole city.

  Heavy rain poured down, including subway line 6 and "north-south artery" line 10 with 15 elevated stations and 12 underground stations. Two subway lines, which can be called "science and technology lines" of the city, were opened to traffic on this day.

  "The operation is stable and has not been affected by the typhoon." Xunsheng Chen, director of Dispatching Room 2 of Shenzhen Metro Dispatching Center, told the reporter. "The weather warning reaches the subway operation command center in seconds, so that we can calmly cope with every weather test."

  

  Special Meteorological Service System of Shenzhen Metro

  As early as 2010, Shenzhen Meteorological Bureau established a real-time online subway intelligent meteorological station with the subway industry as a pilot. After 10 years of operation, Shenzhen has not only built the online subway intelligent meteorological observatory into a benchmark for domestic peers, but also achieved full coverage of meteorological support services in eight lifeline industries, including transportation, water supply, power supply, gas supply and sea area. The coverage rate of urban meteorological safety special services in key units is 100%.

  Smart city, guarded by wisdom. Today, the public safety information distribution chain in Shenzhen has achieved vertical connection with the national and provincial levels, and connected 22 categories and 39 items of information such as natural disasters, public health and accidents in 10 (new) districts and 15 departments of the city, which can complete the information distribution operation of 12 types of channels within 3 minutes with one click.

  

  Shenzhen Port Meteorological Service System

  Integrate into smart cities and make early warning information run faster.

  On the 40th anniversary of the establishment of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the construction of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Pioneer Demonstration Zone in Shenzhen were rolled out in an all-round way and advanced in depth. Accelerate the in-depth application of digital technology and speed up the running under the digital wave. Shenzhen is sketching out the map of "smart city" with scientific and technological brushstrokes, and the first demonstration is full of enthusiasm.

  The improvement of the intelligent level of urban modernization promotes the integration of meteorology into urban development, and also injects new kinetic energy into meteorological reform and development. In the past 40 years, Shenzhen Meteorological Bureau has implemented the requirements of the municipal party committee and municipal government that "the new era is at the forefront, and the new recruits are brave to be the leading soldiers", and has always adhered to the central task of integrating into the overall large-scale network of China Meteorological Bureau to ensure the economic and social development of the SAR and the safety of the city. With the spirit of reform, innovation, opening up and sharing, Shenzhen has continuously optimized its system and mechanism and explored the meteorological development path with Shenzhen characteristics. In recent years, around the requirements of "two-zone" construction, 74 refined service products in seven categories have been launched, which are fully integrated into the construction of smart cities, and the data of urban lifeline industries and meteorological sensitive industries have been introduced, so that meteorological services can be managed by cities and industries. Go out safely.

  

    Meteorological data is integrated with the data of urban lifeline industry and meteorological sensitive industry, and the ability of refined meteorological service is improved.

  Around 2012, the population of Shenzhen exceeded 20 million. How to improve the timeliness of meteorological disaster early warning information and expand the information coverage has become a necessary question. It is not easy to answer this question well: as one of the regions with the highest degree of openness and the strongest economic vitality in China, with high-density passenger flow and high-efficiency economic and social activities, the climate effect caused by urbanization is likely to cause frequent extreme weather in Shenzhen, which directly affects the safe development of the city; On the other hand, the urban expansion and population explosion have given birth to new demands for meteorological services in public safety, economic development and environmental protection.

  Develop difficult problems and innovate to make a fuss. Shenzhen Meteorological Bureau reconstructed the early warning short message publishing system based on the concept of "internet plus" and big data, which can cover 22 million users including roaming users within one and a half hours, and the public coverage rate of early warning information has also increased from 80% in 2012 to 100% in 2019.

  

  Shenzhen’s "two micro-ends" intelligent meteorological service

  

  Shenzhen Meteorological Bureau provides diversified meteorological service products for the public.

  Practice the pioneering spirit and coordinate with the pace of urban development

  From 2012 to 2019, Shenzhen maintained the "double first" in Guangdong Province for eight consecutive years in terms of meteorological modernization evaluation and public meteorological service satisfaction evaluation.

  Let the people living in this land enjoy the best meteorological service, which is the clear goal of the high-quality development of Shenzhen’s meteorological cause-people-centered, ensuring urban disaster prevention and mitigation, management and governance, and meeting the needs of citizens for personalized meteorological services. Adhering to this initial intention, in the past 40 years, meteorological workers in Shenzhen have demonstrated their pioneering spirit to the fullest.

  History will never forget the changes caused by two heavy rains in 1993.

  From June 16 to 17, 1993, the continuous heavy rain caused waterlogging in many places in Shenzhen, and the city stopped for a time; On the evening of September 25th, the rainstorm didn’t stop all night, with 130,000 people affected by the disaster and a direct economic loss of 764 million yuan.

  Two consecutive rainstorms in a year have had a great impact on Shenzhen. At that time, there were no cities in China that issued meteorological disaster warning signals, except for some coastal ports that hung coastal typhoon signals to defend against typhoons and strong winds at sea (mainly used by shipping and fishermen).

  Make compensation for disasters with greater progress. In the second year, Shenzhen took the lead in launching the meteorological disaster early warning signal in China, and the first meteorological disaster early warning signal system in China was born. In 2005, the Emergency Plan for Meteorological Disasters in Shenzhen was issued, and it began to be integrated into the social governance system in 2010. The "Shenzhen Model" of meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation with four levels of linkage of city, district, street and community gradually took shape.

  

  In 1994, Shenzhen first issued a rainstorm warning signal.

  On July 18, 2007, Shenzhen launched the early warning of meteorological disasters, which is a brand-new attempt at home and abroad. Shenzhen is long and narrow from east to west, and the weather in different regions is very different. The practice of "unified forecasting, early warning in different regions, key tips and point-to-point broadcasting" has effectively improved the accuracy and coverage of early warning and forecasting, and has been included in the national meteorological modernization index reference project.

  

  Zoning early warning system of meteorological disasters independently developed by Shenzhen Meteorological Bureau

  In 2010, taking the opportunity of the guarantee of meteorological services for the Universiade, Shenzhen launched the 0-to 3-hour rainfall and temperature forecast in all streets of the city, and launched the first pilot project of standardization of meteorological services in China. This innovative attempt once again radiated the power of generate, and was named by China Meteorological Bureau as "Shenzhen Model of Fine Forecast Service for Big Cities", which was popularized throughout the country.

  In 2019, the short-term extreme rainfall of "4.11" exposed the meteorological vulnerability of short-term defense boards and high-density cities. Drawing lessons from a bitter experience, the Municipal Meteorological Bureau and the Municipal Emergency Management Bureau jointly issued the Risk Warning of Major Meteorological Disasters in Shenzhen, which was updated year by year, marking the change from meteorological warning to risk warning. The Regulations on Issuing Meteorological Disaster Warning Signals in Shenzhen, which is planned to be revised in 2020, will further consolidate the linkage mechanism of grass-roots defense and the "four stops" mechanism of high-level early warning.

  

  Shenzhen Fine Grid Forecasting System

  Relying on the advantages of the industry, constructing the ecological chain of meteorological science and technology innovation

  Dual-polarization weather radar, 365m meteorological gradient tower observation, urban canopy stereo observation, urban unit microclimate observation, space weather observation … Special monitoring strengthens foundation piles to improve the ability of urban precise meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation.

  

  New generation dual polarization radar

  

  Construction schedule of meteorological detection equipment in Shenzhen

  Shenzhen has actively integrated into the overall layout of the national meteorological industry and formed a "4+N" meteorological science and technology innovation model: Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Meteorological Monitoring and Early Warning Center, National Climate Observatory, Shenzhen Southern Key Laboratory of Strong Weather Research, CNAS Lightning Laboratory, and four scientific and technological engines support the high-quality development of meteorological undertakings in Shenzhen in the future; Establish strategic cooperative relations with "n" national business units and local high-tech enterprises, and draw wisdom and leverage to jointly integrate the latest scientific and technological achievements into meteorological applications.

  

  On November 30th, 2009, Xiyong Observatory, one of the top ten livelihood projects in the 30th anniversary of the establishment of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, was completed and put into use.

  

  In June 1987, a corner of the observation field and garage of Shenzhen Meteorological Observatory.

  From the three louver boxes at the beginning of the station to the modern meteorological monitoring system with more and more "magic weapons", a network fully senses the weather changes; From early rough recording and manual collection to real-time sharing of weather and climate integrated intelligent platform with data as the main line, including automatic weather tracking, grading tips, human-computer interaction, rapid production and climate prediction and evaluation, intelligent meteorology is deeply integrated into the city; From "shouting wheat" in the streets, to one-click release of emergency warning information covering 12 categories and 33 distribution channels of traditional media and new media, the public coverage of early warning information has increased to 100%. Over the years, Shenzhen meteorological industry has adhered to quality leadership and innovation drive, and made great achievements in meteorological modernization.

  

  Shenzhen Emergency Warning Information Release System   

  In order to let the people enjoy better service, it is necessary to further refine the forecast level. In order to solve the key technical problems of forecasting, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Meteorological Monitoring, Early Warning and Forecasting Center was established in due course. Shenzhen can be said to be the place with the densest radar and the densest automatic stations in China. However, the more data, the more difficult it is to process after entering the mode. "In the huge system of numerical forecasting, data assimilation is the most difficult bone. The goal of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Meteorological Monitoring and Early Warning Center is very clear, that is, to come up with the best data assimilation system in numerical forecasting." Mao Xia, deputy director of Shenzhen Meteorological Bureau, said.

  The Outline of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Development Plan puts forward that we should make full use of modern information technology to realize the intelligent management of urban agglomerations; It is necessary to build an efficient and scientific meteorological disaster prevention and control system, improve the ability of the whole society to prevent and control natural disasters, and ensure the construction of smart urban agglomerations in Greater Bay Area. The construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Meteorological Data Center will provide better meteorological support services for the joint defense of meteorological disasters, road traffic, sea routes and air travel of Greater Bay Area world-class urban agglomerations.

  "We have been climbing the hill." Wang Yanqing, director of the Shenzhen Meteorological Bureau, said that the fundamental purpose of smart weather service smart city construction is not to make the city "tall", but to make technology truly serve the general public, serve the high-quality development of the city, make urban governance more refined, and make people’s lives better.

  (Source: Shenzhen Meteorological Bureau Editor: Zhang Linyi)

Shooting at a shopping mall in Texas, USA: The gunman fired more than 40 shots at the crowd.

Wechat picture _20230507110233.png

People left the scene after the shooting (AP video screenshot)

  Overseas Network May 7 th According to CBS, on the afternoon of May 6, local time, a shooting incident occurred in a shopping mall in Texas, USA, killing at least 9 people and injuring 7 others, 3 of whom were seriously injured. The gunman has been killed.

  Jonathan Boyd, the fire chief of Allen, Texas, said that seven people, including the gunman, died on the spot. Nine people were taken to hospital after being shot, and two of them died. Three of the injured are undergoing serious injury surgery. Ryan Harvey, chief of the Allen Police Department, said that a policeman rushed to the scene after hearing the gunshots and killed the gunman. The gunman committed the crime alone.

  The live video shows that the gunman parked his car outside the shopping center and started shooting more than 40 shots at the crowd after getting off the bus. Gum, a staff member of the mall, said that about 300 people fled at the scene and people were frightened. "I heard screams." A customer said that he saw the gunman holding an assault rifle and shooting at people. "We saw people fall down after being shot." (Overseas Network/Li Fang)

Rare for the first time! Interfere with the US election? Russian citizens and entities were prosecuted.

       CCTV News:Early this morning, Beijing time, the US Department of Justice announced that Miller, the special prosecutor in charge of the investigation of "TongRumen", had formally filed a lawsuit against 13 Russian citizens and three Russian entities on the grounds that they were suspected of interfering in the 2016 US presidential election.

       In Miller’s indictment, it was written that in the 2016 US presidential election, these 13 Russian citizens and three Russian entities spread political advertisements on social media under the guise of some American citizens and American companies to support the then presidential candidate Trump and slander another candidate Hillary Clinton, which constituted an "information war" against the United States. It is reported that all the defendants involved will be charged with "conspiracy to defraud the United States", in addition, three of them are also charged with "wire transfer fraud" and "bank fraud", and the other five defendants are charged with "serious identity theft".

the U.S. Department of Justice

the U.S. Department of Justice

       Pelosi, leader of the Democratic Party of the US House of Representatives, said on the same day that the latest results of the "TongRumen" survey showed that Russia’s intervention in the 2016 US presidential election was "irrefutable evidence". US President Trump responded on social media that Russia’s intervention in American politics began in 2014, but he stressed that his campaign team has nothing to do with Russia.

       This is the first time that the Russian people have been charged since the launch of the "investigation on Russia". Rosenstand, Vice Minister of Justice, also stressed that no Americans have been found to have knowingly assisted the Russians in intervening in the 2016 US presidential election.

       Trump: No collusion with Russia

       Regarding this latest accusation of "TongRu" investigation, in the early morning of Beijing time, US President Trump also issued a statement through the White House, stressing that special prosecutor Miller’s investigation showed that there was "no collusion" between his campaign team and Russia, and the result of the 2016 US presidential election was not affected by any external forces.

one

US President Trump

       Trump said that it is time to stop those strange partisan disputes. Such irrelevant subjective accusations as his campaign team’s "communication with Russia" will only make "some bad guys" — — Russia, for example, profited from it.

       Russia refutes the findings of the US Department of Justice.

       After the US Department of Justice announced the latest investigation results of "TongRumen", the Russian side refuted it for the first time.

one

Russian Foreign Minister Lavrov

       Russian Foreign Minister Lavrov stressed that Russia "cannot and will not" interfere in the US election, and the findings of the US Department of Justice lack evidence. Russian Foreign Ministry spokesman Zacharova said in a statement that the US accusation is ridiculous.

Nanjing’s land compensation policy for new energy vehicles was released, and passenger cars were subsidized 1: 0.5 times according to the state compensation.

Source: First Electric Network

On June 23rd, the Nanjing Municipal Government issued the Financial Implementation Rules for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles in Nanjing in 2017. According to the plan, in the promotion and application plan of new energy vehicles in Nanjing in 2017, the total number of new energy vehicles in Nanjing is 2,500, and the total number of new energy vehicle charging facilities construction plans is 3,000, including 1,770 AC piles and 1,230 DC piles.

In terms of subsidy standards, except for special vehicles for new energy, they are all subsidized by the state at 1:0.5 times, and the total amount of provincial subsidies and urban subsidies does not exceed 60% of the car price after deducting state subsidies.

Subsidy for the construction of new charging facilities: financial funds will subsidize the construction and operation units of charging facilities in public areas according to the charging power of charging piles, with 600 yuan per kilowatt for AC charging piles and 900 yuan per kilowatt for DC charging piles. The total subsidy for a single charging station or charging pile group shall not exceed 1.8 million yuan.

Subsidy for the operation of new charging facilities: According to the statistics of the municipal charging facilities supervision platform, if the average monthly charging time of a single pile reaches 20 hours in 2017, the newly-built charging facilities that have passed the acceptance in 2017 will be subsidized according to 200 yuan per kilowatt of AC charging piles and 300 yuan per kilowatt of DC charging piles.

The original text of the announcement is as follows:

Notice on Printing and Distributing the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Financial Subsidies for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles in Nanjing in 2017

The District (Development Zone) Finance Bureau, the lead unit for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles, and the relevant departments of the city:

According to the spirit of the Provincial Department of Finance and the Provincial Economic Information Commission’s Notice on Doing a Good Job in Local Financial Subsidies for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles in 2017 (Su Cai Gong Mao [2017] No.13), and with the consent of the municipal government, the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Financial Subsidies for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles in Nanjing in 2017 are hereby printed and distributed to you, please follow them.

Nanjing Finance Bureau Nanjing New Energy Automobile Promotion

Office of the leading group for application work

June 22, 2017

Attachment:

Detailed rules for the implementation of financial subsidies for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in Nanjing in 2017?

?????According to the spirit of the Notice on Adjusting the Financial Subsidy Policy for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles (Cai Jian [2016] No.958) issued by the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Development and Reform Commission, and the Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Local Financial Subsidy for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles in 2017 (Su Cai Industry and Trade [2017] No.13) issued by the Provincial Department of Finance and the Provincial Economic and Information Commission, combined with the new energy in our city,

First, the financial subsidy object

The financial subsidy targets are the buyers of new energy vehicles and the construction and operation units of charging facilities in the public service field in this city.

(1) Subsidized models and requirements of new energy vehicles

New energy vehicles refer to automobiles (inclusive) and automobiles that are included in the National Catalogue of Recommended Vehicles for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles. Among them: private consumers are limited to buying new energy passenger cars.

The types of subsidized vehicles are as follows:

1. Bus

(1) Buses: buses purchased by public transport enterprises with the consent of the urban people’s government, including city buses, town buses and vehicles engaged in public transport operations through leasing;

(2) Other buses: including road passenger vehicles and enterprise-owned vehicles. Road passenger vehicles refer to buses that transport passengers, provide services to the public and have commercial road passenger activities, including shuttle buses (overtime buses), chartered buses and tourist buses; Enterprise-owned vehicles refer to vehicles purchased by enterprises for commuting and business reception of employees.

2. Special purpose vehicle

(1) Postal and logistics vehicles: refer to vehicles that have obtained the qualification of road freight transportation and provide goods transportation;

(2) Municipal, sanitation, engineering vehicles, etc.: vehicles that provide urban roads with cleaning, sanitation, industrial protection, patrol and other purposes.

3. Passenger cars

(1) Taxi: a vehicle with taxi operation qualification and providing city taxi service;

(2) Private and enterprise vehicles: vehicles purchased by private consumers or enterprises for their own use;

(3) Official vehicles: official vehicles of administrative institutions;

(4) Rental vehicles: vehicles that are applied in the mode of vehicle rental or vehicle sharing.

The purchase of new energy vehicles by wholly state-owned or state-controlled enterprises at the provincial level shall be implemented in accordance with relevant provincial regulations. If financial funds are used to purchase new energy vehicles, provincial and municipal finance will no longer give car purchase subsidies.

(2) Requirements for subsidies for the construction of charging facilities in the field of public services

The construction and operation units of charging facilities in public areas meet the requirements of Jiangsu Province’s measures for the construction, operation and management of charging facilities for new energy vehicles in public areas, Jiangsu Province’s detailed rules for the acceptance of charging facilities for new energy vehicles in public areas and Nanjing’s relevant management measures. The construction of charging facilities meets the relevant planning standards of provinces and cities.

New energy vehicles and charging facilities that are included in financial subsidies must meet the technical requirements stipulated by relevant departments at all levels.

?Second, the financial subsidy policy

(a) vehicle purchase financial subsidy standards:

See Annex 1 for the purchase subsidy standards of various new energy vehicles. The total financial subsidy shall not exceed 60% of the selling price of the car after deducting the state subsidy (subject to the sales invoice).

(two) the standard of financial subsidy for the construction (operation) of charging facilities:

The financial subsidy for the construction of charging facilities consists of subsidies for the construction of new charging facilities and subsidies for the operation of new charging facilities.

1. Subsidies for the construction of new charging facilities:

The financial funds will subsidize the construction and operation units of charging facilities in public areas according to the charging power of charging piles, with 600 yuan per kilowatt for AC charging piles and 900 yuan per kilowatt for DC charging piles. The total subsidy for a single charging station or charging pile group shall not exceed 1.8 million yuan.

2. Operating subsidy for new charging facilities:

According to the statistics of the municipal charging facilities supervision platform, if the average monthly charging time of a single pile reaches 20 hours in 2017, the newly-built charging facilities that have passed the acceptance in 2017 will be subsidized according to 200 yuan per kilowatt of AC charging piles and 300 yuan per kilowatt of DC charging piles.

(3) Relevant subsidy policies

1. According to the promotion and application plan of new energy vehicles in Nanjing in 2017, the total number of new energy vehicles promoted in the city is 2,500, and the subsidized vehicles are planned to enjoy financial subsidies according to the vehicle registration time.

2. In 2017, the total planned construction of new energy vehicle charging facilities in our city is 3,000, including 1,770 AC piles and 1,230 DC piles, and the finance will give subsidies according to the total amount and types of charging piles.

Three, the financial subsidy funds declaration and disbursement process

(1) The financial allocation shall be declared at different levels: all enterprises, institutions and mass organizations that purchase and use new energy vehicles shall apply for financial subsidy funds according to the principle of territorial registration in industrial and commercial registration. Private passenger cars apply for financial subsidy funds according to the principle of the location of the consumer’s household registration or residence permit. Charging facilities shall apply for financial subsidy funds according to the principle of construction location.

1. Consumers in the field of public service of new energy vehicles shall apply according to the lead unit for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in the local area. Private consumers of new energy vehicles shall apply to the lead unit for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in the district by the automobile sales organization (4S shop). The subsidy funds for charging facilities shall be applied to the lead unit for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in the district where the charging facilities are located by the contractor service operation unit. Consumers of provincial state-owned enterprises or state-holding enterprises and municipal public transport enterprises directly apply to the Office of the Leading Group for the Promotion of New Energy Vehicles.

The lead unit for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in the district, and the district financial audit summary shall be reported to the office of the leading group for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in the city and the Municipal Finance Bureau.

2. If a private consumer purchases a new energy vehicle, the automobile sales organization (4S shop) shall settle the account with the private consumer at the price after deducting the subsidy. If the automobile sales organization (4S shop) fails to implement this regulation, it will be disqualified from applying for financial subsidies for new energy vehicles in the next year after verification. The processing result shall be copied to the vehicle manufacturer and announced to the public.

(II) Procedures for financial subsidy declaration: All declarations are made online. The specific steps are as follows:

1. The applicant shall register an account with the website of the new energy vehicle information management platform (website address: http://221.226.86.226:9012/nyqc/);

2. After the registered account has been approved by the leading department for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in the district, the reporting unit can log on to the website for daily reporting (the daily reporting is not limited by the reporting date);

3. The platform will open the declaration channels from July 1 to 15 (the first batch), September 1 to 15 (the second batch), November 1 to 15 (the third batch) and January 1 to 15 (the fourth batch) of the following year. Enterprises must declare within the declaration date, and the overdue declaration channels will be automatically closed. A declaration period can be declared once. If the application materials do not meet the requirements, they can be returned for correction. If they still fail to meet the requirements at maturity, this batch will not be declared, but can be declared in the next batch. The fourth batch of applications that fail to pass and fail to report within the time limit will no longer be accepted.

4. The applicant shall provide three copies of paper application materials (with watermark) printed from the platform to the District New Automobile Office within 10 working days after the examination and approval at the district and municipal levels, and affix the official seal (signature).

The Finance Bureau of each district and the lead department for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles shall, within 15 working days after each declaration, submit to the Municipal Finance Bureau and the Office of the Leading Group for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles a report on the application for disbursement of funds in this region, a summary of the application for financial subsidies for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles (vehicle purchase) (Table 2-1), a summary of the application for financial subsidies for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles (Construction of charging facilities) (Table 2-2) and related application materials, as well as an arrangement plan for financial subsidies in this region.

(three) the allocation of financial subsidies

The financial subsidies for consumers of new energy vehicles are allocated by the district finance.

The financial subsidy funds for charging facilities shall be allocated by the local financial department to the construction service operation unit.

The financial subsidies of provincial wholly state-owned or state-controlled enterprises and municipal public transport enterprises shall be allocated by the municipal finance to the group company or the competent department of the enterprise.

Subsidy funds are planned to be issued at the end of August, the end of October, before the end of December and after the liquidation with the province in the following year. According to the batch and order of subsidy declaration, the municipal finance will allocate provincial and municipal subsidy funds to all districts. Each district will distribute the subsidy funds (including the supporting parts of the district) in place within 15 working days after receiving the funds.

Four, the financial subsidy application materials

1, consumers in the public sector to apply for financial subsidies for the purchase of new energy vehicles, the need to submit a summary of the application of financial subsidies for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles (vehicle purchase) (Table 2-1) and the following materials:

(1) Application form for financial subsidy funds for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles (vehicle purchase) (Annex 3-1);

(2) A copy of the business license, organization code and tax registration certificate of the enterprise;

(3) Copies of vehicle purchase and sale contracts, purchase and sale invoices and other vouchers;

(4) A copy of the vehicle registration certificate and driving license issued by the public security department at the place of registration;

(5) Qualification certificates related to vehicle use and vehicle operation;

(6) the authenticity of the submitted materials and the commitment not to transfer the vehicle within 5 years;

(7) Commitment to ensure the normal operation of vehicles;

(8) Vouchers and explanatory materials such as vehicle catalog batch, technical parameters, after-sales service capability and warranty commitment (to be stamped by the manufacturer);

(9) Enterprises engaged in vehicle leasing business shall provide relevant qualification certificates, and ensure the normal and safe driving of new energy vehicles used for leasing.

(10) If a wholly state-owned or state-controlled enterprise purchases a new energy vehicle, it shall be submitted by the provincial first-class group company or the competent department to the relevant municipal departments.

(11) Other materials that need to be explained.

2. When an automobile sales organization (4S shop) applies for financial subsidy funds for the purchase of new energy passenger cars in the private sector, it is required to submit the application summary of financial subsidy funds for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles (vehicle purchase) (Schedule 2-1) and the following materials:

(1) Application form for financial subsidy funds for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles (vehicle purchase) (Annex 3-1);

(2) A copy of the business license, organization code and tax registration certificate of the sales organization (4S shop);

(3) Copies of vehicle purchase and sale contracts, purchase and sale invoices and other vouchers;

(4) A copy of the motor vehicle license plate, registration certificate and driving license issued by the public security department at the place of registration;

(5) Copy of the ID card, residence booklet or residence permit of the car buyer (proof of payment of social insurance fund in Ning for more than one year is required for non-local household registration);

(6) Vouchers and explanatory materials such as vehicle catalog batch, technical parameters, after-sales service capability and warranty commitment (to be stamped by the manufacturer);

(7) the authenticity of the submitted materials and the commitment not to transfer the vehicle within 5 years;

(8) Other materials that need to be provided.

3. The construction and operation unit applying for financial subsidy funds for the construction of charging facilities shall submit the application summary table of financial subsidy funds for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles (construction of charging facilities) (Table 2-2) and the following materials:

(1) application form for financial subsidy funds for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles (construction of charging facilities) (table 3-2)

(2) Business license, organization code and tax registration certificate of the enterprise as a legal person;

(3) A copy of the approval document for project filing;

(4) Project construction and operation plan;

(5) Construction cost budget, purchase contract and invoice of relevant equipment, project construction entrustment contract, etc.;

(6) The project acceptance materials provided by the relevant inspection agencies entrusted by the lead department of the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in the city and district;

(7) Other materials that need to be provided.

4. The above materials shall be scanned and uploaded according to the format specified on the declaration platform, and the original shall be kept for future reference.

?V. Other requirements

(a) to enjoy the financial subsidy funds of new energy vehicle buyers registered in the city, non registered private consumers to buy new energy passenger cars to apply for financial subsidy funds, need to pay social insurance funds at the place of registration for more than one year; In principle, the charging facilities in the public service sector that enjoy financial subsidies shall not be removed. If it is really necessary to remove them due to planning adjustment and other reasons, it shall be reported to the office of the coordination group for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in the city and district for the record, according to the "Measures for the Construction and Operation Management of New Energy Vehicle Charging Facilities in the Public Sector of Jiangsu Province (Trial)".

(II) All vehicles enjoying financial subsidies shall not be transferred within 5 years. If the purchaser really needs to transfer due to bankruptcy and other special reasons, it shall be reported to the office of the coordination group for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in the city and district for the record, and it can only be transferred within the scope of registration.

(3) All subsidized vehicles are not allowed to operate outside the scope of Nanjing. If violations are found, the relevant departments have the right to stop the disbursement of subsidies or request the return of subsidized funds. If it is found that the new energy vehicles applying for subsidies are idle or "fraudulently compensated", all subsidies will be stopped. If subsidies have been paid, the reporting unit must return the subsidy funds. If the circumstances are serious, the responsibility will be investigated according to law.

(IV) From January 1, 2017, all newly-produced new energy vehicles will be equipped with on-board terminals. New energy vehicle manufacturers will monitor and manage the operation safety status of key systems such as complete vehicles and power batteries through the enterprise monitoring platform, and upload the vehicle-related safety status information in the public service field (except privately-purchased passenger cars) to the Nanjing monitoring platform according to the requirements of the national standard Technical Specification for Remote Service and Management System of Electric Vehicles (GB/T 32960). For the new energy automobile products that have been sold, the whole vehicle enterprise shall provide the upgrade and transformation services of related monitoring systems such as vehicle terminals and communication protocols free of charge in accordance with the requirements of national standards, promptly notify users to explain the necessity of remote safety monitoring, and incorporate them into the monitoring platform before the end of September 2017.

(V) Charging facilities construction and operation enterprises should establish and improve enterprise monitoring platform, monitor the safety status of charging facilities in real time, and in accordance with the requirements of the Technical Specification for Monitoring System of Intelligent Charging and Switching Service Network Operation of Electric Vehicles (NB/T33017), charging facilities that declare subsidies must upload their relevant data to Nanjing monitoring platform.

(six) new energy vehicle manufacturers should ensure the safety and reliability of products, with the ability to ensure the normal use of new energy vehicles after-sales service. For vehicles applying for financial subsidy funds for new energy vehicles in our city, vehicle production enterprises shall have more than one vehicle service station in our city, and be responsible for providing quality assurance to consumers and recycling and disposing of waste batteries in accordance with the requirements of the national Catalogue of Recommended Vehicles for Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles. Enterprises or units that purchase new energy buses or special vehicles should have the ability to use the relevant vehicles normally and use them properly and reasonably, and ensure the safe operation of the vehicles; Operating vehicles shall comply with the relevant provisions of the Regulations of Jiangsu Province on Road Transportation. The construction and operation units of charging facilities in the public service field shall ensure the normal and safe use of charging facilities.

Six, apply for financial subsidies for new energy vehicle buyers, sales agencies, public service charging facilities construction and operation units responsible for the authenticity of the application materials submitted; Those who cheat financial subsidy funds by providing false information, failing to guarantee the normal operation of new energy vehicles, and failing to meet the requirements of vehicle technical parameters will recover the subsidy funds, cancel the subsidy qualification, and be punished in accordance with the Budget Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Regulations on Penalties and Punishment for Financial Violations, and the Measures for Financial Supervision of Jiangsu Province.

Seven, the detailed rules for the implementation by the Municipal Finance Bureau, the office of the leading group for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles is responsible for the interpretation, during the implementation period, such as the introduction of new policies by the state and province, according to the new policy. These Measures shall be valid until December 31, 2017.

Attachment:

1. Financial subsidy standards and product technical requirements for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in 2017.

2-1 Summary of Financial Subsidies for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles (Vehicle Purchase)

2-2 Summary of Financial Subsidies for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles (Construction of Charging Facilities)

3-1. Application Form for Financial Subsidies for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles (Vehicle Purchase)

3-2. Application Form for Financial Subsidies for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles (Construction of Charging Facilities)

4, unit load mass energy consumption evaluation index

5. Contact Table for Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles in Various Districts

Financial subsidy standards and products for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in 2017technical requirement

I subsidy standards and technical requirements for new energy buses

(A) new energy bus subsidy standards

1. Subsidy amount for new energy buses = vehicle power consumption x subsidy standard for unit power consumption x adjustment coefficient (adjustment coefficient: system energy density/charging rate/fuel saving level), as follows:

  • Subsidy standards for other new energy buses

(2) Technical requirements for new energy buses

1. Energy consumption per unit load (Ekg) is not higher than 0.24 Wh/km kg.

2. The continuous driving mileage of buses (excluding fast-charging and plug-in hybrid buses) shall not be less than 200 kilometers (constant speed method).

3. The proportion (m/m) of the total mass of the battery system to the whole vehicle kerb mass is not higher than 20%.

4. The energy density of battery system of non-fast charging pure electric bus is higher than 85Wh/kg, the fast charging rate of fast charging pure electric bus is higher than 3C, and the fuel saving rate of plug-in hybrid bus (including extended range) is higher than 40%.

Two, new energy passenger car subsidy standards and technical requirements

(1) The subsidy standards for the promotion and application of new energy passenger cars and plug-in hybrid (including extended range) passenger cars are as follows:


(II) Technical Requirements for New Energy Passenger Cars

  1. The maximum speed of a pure electric passenger car for 30 minutes is not less than 100 km/h.
  2. The mass energy density of the power battery system of the pure electric passenger car is not less than 90Wh/kg, and the subsidy is 1.1 times higher than 120Wh/kg.
  3. For pure electric passenger car products, according to the different kerb mass (m) of the whole vehicle, the power consumption (y) per 100 kilometers under working conditions should meet the following requirements: when m≤1000kg, y ≤ 0.014× m+0.5; When 1000<m≤1600kg, y ≤ 0.012× m+2.5; When m>1600kg, Y≤0.005×m+13.7.
  4. The fuel consumption of plug-in hybrid passenger car in state B (fuel consumption excluding electric energy conversion) with pure electric driving range less than 80km is less than 70% compared with the corresponding limit in the current national standard for conventional fuel consumption. The plug-in hybrid passenger car with pure electric driving range greater than or equal to 80km, its A-state 100 km power consumption meets the same requirements as pure electric passenger cars.

Three, pure electric trucks and special vehicles subsidy standards and technical requirements

(1) Pure electric trucks and special purpose vehicles shall be subsidized by the way of over-regressing in sections, based on the total storage capacity of power batteries providing driving power, as follows:


(2) Technical requirements for new energy trucks and special vehicles

  1. The mass energy density of the power battery system is not less than 90Wh/kg.
  2. The energy consumption per unit load (Ekg) of pure electric trucks and transport special vehicles is not higher than 0.5 Wh/km kg, and the power consumption per ton of other pure electric special vehicles (according to the test quality) is not more than 13kWh.

Four, fuel cell vehicle subsidy standards and technical requirements

(1) The subsidy standards for the promotion and application of fuel cell vehicles are as follows:

(2) Technical requirements for fuel cell vehicles

  1. The rated power of the fuel cell system is not less than 30% of the rated power of the driving motor and not less than 30kW. Fuel cell passenger cars with rated power of fuel cell system greater than 10kW but less than 30kW will be subsidized according to the rated power of fuel cell system of 3,000 yuan /kW.

2. The driving range of fuel cell vehicles with pure electricity shall not be less than 300 kilometers.

V. Technical Requirements for Power Battery

The power battery used in new energy vehicles shall meet the following standards:

  1. Energy storage devices (monomer, module): zinc-air battery for electric road vehicles (standard number GB/T 18333.2-2015, article 6.2.4/article 6.3.4 will not be implemented for the time being), vehicle supercapacitor (standard number QC/T 741-2014), cycle life requirements and test methods of power battery for electric vehicles (standard number QC/T 741-2014) 6.5 Cycle life under working conditions will not be implemented for the time being), safety requirements and test methods of power storage batteries for electric vehicles (standard numbers GB/T 31485-2015, 6.2.8 and 6.3.8 are not implemented for the time being).
  2. Energy storage devices (battery packs): lithium-ion power battery packs and systems for electric vehicles Part 3: Safety requirements and test methods (standard number GB/T 31467.3-2015).

Measures to stabilize foreign trade frequently "innovate" to help enterprises accelerate "going out to sea"

CCTV News:This year, the global economic growth slowed down obviously, which brought great pressure and challenges to stabilizing foreign trade. However, after a series of comprehensive measures to stabilize foreign trade support policies, in the first eight months of this year, China’s import and export of goods were basically the same year-on-year. Among them, exports have achieved month-on-month growth for three consecutive months, showing strong resilience, and various localities and departments are also trying their best to increase the intensity of service enterprises.

Multi-party efforts to stabilize foreign trade measures frequently "innovate"

As a new foreign trade format with rapid development in China, cross-border e-commerce is an important way for many enterprises to obtain orders. Since the beginning of this year, in order to get more orders, many enterprises have chosen to enter overseas cross-border e-commerce platforms, but overseas platforms also have the risk of bankruptcy. How to solve the worries of enterprises? Let’s look at the practice in Ningbo, Zhejiang. 

The products of this foreign trade enterprise in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province cover furniture and household products, fitness products and holiday products. Since it was sold on an e-commerce platform in North America, it has exceeded $10 million in sales in the first year. At present, enterprises intend to enter more overseas e-commerce platforms.

Zhou Wenyi told reporters that most cross-border e-commerce platforms require sellers to open accounts in the platform. After consumers place an order for payment, it will take half a month to two months for sellers to withdraw the payment. During this period, once the platform encounters risks, the sales money of the enterprise may not be collected.

In order to enable the majority of small and medium-sized enterprises to expand the market with the help of cross-border e-commerce platform, China’s only policy insurance company &mdash; &mdash; According to this pain point, China Xinbao innovatively launched cross-border e-commerce insurance to provide security for the export of cross-border e-commerce products.

According to reports, the rate of cross-border e-commerce insurance is comprehensively determined according to factors such as insurance scale, account period, industry of the enterprise, and credit standing of cross-border e-commerce platform. Take Ningbo as an example, their insurance cost is equivalent to about 2% of the product profit. If there is a risk on the platform after insurance, China Xinbao will generally complete the fixed loss compensation within 4 months, and the compensation amount is 80% of the sales & mdash; 90%。

It is understood that since the pilot of cross-border e-commerce insurance in Ningbo, more than 10 enterprises have insured, and it is estimated that the guaranteed sales amount will exceed 1 billion yuan.

Take the initiative as a comparison standard to help foreign trade enterprises deliver orders

This year, some enterprises in China have also received many overseas urgent orders, but due to technical barriers in standards, the delivery of orders is not timely. In Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, the local inspection and testing department took the initiative to help enterprises solve the problem of inconsistency between national standards and international standards and remove obstacles for enterprises to deliver orders.

The products of this manufacturing enterprise in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province are widely used in offshore wind power, bridges and docks, high-speed rail subways and other fields. Since the beginning of this year, the overseas customers of products have been expanding, but many new customers require enterprises to provide product testing reports based on international standards, while the testing reports of these products were based on national standards before, which made enterprises difficult.

The enterprise found the local inspection and testing department, carefully studied these international standards after understanding the situation, and compared them with domestic standards. Through comparison, it was found that all the international standards involved had been adopted by national standards.

Liu Chang introduced that they took the initiative to face foreign customers, introduced the international standards adopted in the national standards one by one, and supplemented the corresponding explanations, so that foreign customers recognized the test report. At present, in the field of steel pipe piles, China’s testing and certification by national standards is equivalent to international standards, and it has been recognized and adopted in Canada, Australia and other countries.

Moreover, in order to complete the delivery of the order as soon as possible, the time for issuing the test report has also been greatly improved.

Set up special foreign trade credit to support enterprises to "go to sea"

Since the beginning of the third quarter, policy-oriented financial institutions have continuously increased credit support in the field of foreign trade, and helped enterprises to speed up their "going out to sea" by setting up special foreign trade credit.

At the cargo terminal of Shuangliu International Airport in Chengdu, Sichuan, the staff of this air freight enterprise are busy playing the board and sending 58 tons of e-commerce products to Europe.

Dong Zhijian told reporters that at present, the proportion of cross-border e-commerce goods they carry has increased from 10% last year to about 40%. In order to meet the cross-border transportation needs of e-commerce customers, we have been actively expanding routes this year, but now enterprises are also facing the problem of tight funds.

How to solve the financial problems faced by foreign trade enterprises? Not long ago, the Sichuan Provincial Department of Commerce and The Export-Import Bank of China Sichuan Branch issued a number of measures, including setting up a special credit line of 50 billion yuan for foreign trade and expanding preferential policies for import financing, to provide policy financial support for stabilizing foreign trade.

In response to the financial needs of this enterprise, the newly established 50 billion yuan special credit line for foreign trade soon landed its first credit business, granting nearly 2.4 billion yuan of credit to enterprises and issuing nearly 1.2 billion yuan of loans and import credit to foreign trade enterprises. With the support of financial policy, next month, enterprises will add freight routes from Chengdu to Liege, Belgium, which will not only support their own foreign trade business, but also help cross-border e-commerce enterprises to quickly "go out to sea".

How much money did the person who charged VVIP for The Singer spend?

Text | Zinc Scale Meng Huiyuan

Editor | Li Jinlin

Due to the sudden explosion of the content of the first live broadcast of Singer 2024, in order to get the first-hand news, some "fun people" borrowed from relatives and friends to get a membership account, some searched all kinds of free broadcast channels, and some paid a huge annual subscription fee for sneak peek …

In the splash caused by Mango Taiwan, various members of the video platform "routines" are presented to consumers again: "You are a VIP—SVIP—-full-screen member, why don’t you have a SVIP again, forcing me to watch pirated apps?" "VIP can’t upgrade SVIP, full-screen has no SVIP rights, and SVIP can’t be used on TV." "Svip doesn’t have a coupon for 28 yuan for one month, so what is my membership with one year left?

According to the zinc scale, not only the video members of "Mango Taiwan" are criticized by users, but also there are "VVIP problems" including fitness, making friends, audio and other apps. Even the office software WPS has recently attracted a lot of attention because of the "doll-style" charging, which can not help but make people sigh. "The leek is not as fast as the’ routine’ of membership charging."

The program is on fire, but the membership rights are full of routines.

I recall the last time I watched the variety show "I am a singer", when Yue Lin was still in college. Yue Lin still remembers what a novel viewing experience the TV set in the dormitory was less than 20 inches at that time. "You don’t know how shocked everyone was when G.E.M. sang" Bubble ".As soon as this’ unknown’ singer opened his mouth, the sisters in the whole dormitory were quiet."

And once again pay attention to this program, Yue Lin is already a senior worker of an Internet company. Yue Lin’s mind was constantly filled with all kinds of tricks on the Internet when she brushed the relevant information on the short video platform, from "Fifty-year-old Taishouguo" to "Adventures of Eiko" to "Singer 2024", which made Lei Jun win the first place in the UC users’ list, all of which made her regain her interest in the program.

After brushing a lot of CUT videos and thinking that she had finished the homework of the first live broadcast, Yue Lin turned on the projector in her small rental house on Friday night, ready to watch the much-anticipated "World War II" in an immersive way, but what she didn’t expect was that the first step of watching the program stumped her. "You have to be a full-screen member to watch the full version, but my account only has VIP."

Because she usually shares her account with her family, Yue Lin has almost never paid attention to the charging of related services before. "Besides, I seldom watch TV dramas on video websites, and most of them are short videos and free videos in bilibili.". Lin Yue only knew when she asked, the current video VIP service is so crazy. "What a breakup can watch, what a TV can watch, and what a screen can watch is all-round money. Then I might as well wait to watch those free CUT and live videos. Anyway, this time "Singer 2024" is not out of the circle because of how beautiful the song stage itself is. "

In fact, in order to watch the follow-up, netizens collectively dispatched and found many channels for free live broadcast resources. In Little Red Book, some bloggers posted strategies, such as "You can see if the points on the apps operated by various communication companies are enough to redeem Mango VIP", "Central Video APP and Learning Power APP can watch Hunan Satellite TV live broadcast for free" and "Anyone who doesn’t have Mango members can give me YouTube, with music single exclusive version and live version (with advertisements) free of charge" and so on.

And all this, it is difficult to separate it from the changes in the membership rights of Mango TV. Previously, with the launch of Mango TV’s SVIP service, there were many complaints from the voice of users: "Why do you still have to open SVIP?" "Is your full-screen member not worthy to be SVIP?" "My full-screen members can’t watch SVIP, and now one more function than ordinary VIP is TV playing, which is still the most expensive" …

It is worth noting that some users who want to go to the scene to "eat melons" found that the registration interface of the movie-watching activities of Singer 2024 also graded the members: the offline interactive rights and interests of Mango TV members include "register immediately (V1+)" and "SVIP registration", and stated that the latter is "more likely". In this regard, some netizens have commented, "Of course, we must find ways to make money. This kind of heat is not something you want."

The coverage of "VVIP" is wider than expected.

In fact, just recently, the well-known office software WPS also caused a lot of users’ dissatisfaction because of the "doll-style" charging problem.

According to China Voice "News Horizon" of China Central Radio and Television General Station, members, svip, svip Pro, AI members, big members … Many netizens reported that WPS, the Jinshan office software, had some problems such as arbitrarily modifying the membership level and "doll-like" fees, and some users said that the WPS membership structure was complex, and its members’ "routines" were suspected of infringing consumers’ right to know and choose.

Zinc Scale understands that the cause of this incident is the AI function launched by WPS, which limits the use of this function by the svip Pro that I purchased before. If I want to continue to use this new function, I must pay separately to become an AI member or a big member.

In response to the user’s question that "it is necessary to charge separately for launching a function", the relevant person in charge of WPS said: "It is a kind of welfare for member users to use AI function before, and now the welfare period has arrived. In March 2024, WPS AI began to be commercialized, with a relatively large investment. As a brand-new membership service, WPAI members are still in the gray scale test and belong to the paid upgrade option. Users can choose by themselves. If they choose not to upgrade, the original membership rights will not be affected. "

In addition, the market is full of more services that consumers have identified as "doll-style" charges. After searching for black cat complaints, zinc scale found that there are "VVIP problems" in many industry categories, such as fitness, making friends and audio.

For example, a consumer who complained about the dating APP "Love of Ivy League" said, "After opening a member, you have to rush gold coins again to send a small note, and members can only send one a day"; A user who complained about the fitness APP "Tough Guy Fitness" wrote, "I originally wanted to buy a personal customization plan. As a result, I had to pay 168 yuan before logging in. I also marked 7 yuan every month, and it was a very small month in 168/24. I thought that this was personal customization. After I paid it, I found that it was a member’s money, and I had to pay for personal customization." Another consumer who complained about the audio APP "Himalaya" said, "In the past, members could listen to it, but now they have to pay separately for members and children members, so they can’t be universal" …

After combing, consumers’ dissatisfaction with the "doll-style" charging model is mainly concentrated in the following four aspects:

One is that the charging system is too complicated. Some softwares provide a wide range of membership types with different functions and validity periods, which makes it difficult for consumers to understand and choose the membership service that suits them. This complexity increases the difficulty of consumers’ decision-making, and sometimes they even make wrong consumption decisions because they don’t know the specific service content.

Secondly, the functions are duplicated and crossed. There are overlapping functions between different levels of membership services, which makes it difficult for consumers to judge which member is most suitable for them, and may also lead to waste of resources;

Third, there will be additional costs. When consumers want to get a specific function, the platform may ask them to pay extra fees, which is regarded as a "doll" charging model, which makes consumers feel cheated;

The fourth is the change of membership level and rights and interests. Some platform parties may change the membership level and rights at will, especially cancel the promised functions and ask consumers to pay again, which undermines consumers’ trust in the platform.

To put it more bluntly, what makes consumers dissatisfied is not the membership service purchased for the convenience of using software functions, but the fact that they don’t want to be bypassed by all kinds of fancy and endless membership types and functions, and spend more money.

Clear rules, lightning protection consumption "trap" from the source

With the WPS "doll-style" charging incident being exposed in a large number during this period, rectifying similar consumption "traps" has also attracted widespread attention and attention inside and outside the industry.

Chen Yinjiang, Deputy Secretary-General of china law society Consumer Protection Law Research Association, said: "Once consumers buy, they can’t arbitrarily change the membership fees, reduce the service quality or reduce the service items. I think these behaviors are all breach of contract. It should really attract the attention of relevant enterprises. We must remind consumers of some information in the charging standards that is of great interest to consumers in a significant way, so that consumers can fully know the content and charging standards of membership services and protect consumers’ right to know and choose. "

In fact, there are many legal systems in China that provide protection for consumers’ right to fair trade and independent choice. For example, according to the Consumer Protection Law, operators "may not use standard terms and use technical means to force transactions". The price law clearly points out that operators "shall not use false or misleading price means to trick consumers or other operators into trading with them".

It is noteworthy that the State Administration of Radio and Television recently announced the complaint channels for controlling the charging and complicated operation of TV "Taowa". That is to say, the State Administration of Radio and Television has carried out special rectification, in order to standardize the "pay TV" system and strengthen the regulatory review according to law for the legal compliance of opening members and collecting fees.

The announcement mentioned that "with the strong support of the broad masses of the people and relevant departments, the State Administration of Radio and Television has actively solved the problems of’ watching TV is difficult and annoying’ and has made progress in stages. In order to better listen to the opinions and suggestions of the people, and further consolidate and improve the results of the work of managing TV’ Taowa’ fees and complicated operations, the State Administration of Radio and Television announced the complaint channels for users of’ double governance’. "

Of course, the "VVIP problem" not only depends on the strong supervision of laws and regulations, but also belongs to the platform itself that provides member charging services. Although the "doll-style" charging can bring a lot of benefits to the platform in the short term, "harvesting" consumers in this way is more likely to damage the reputation and credibility of the platform in the long run, and will also reduce the trust and satisfaction of users, which will eventually lead consumers to vote with their feet and choose to abandon. For the platform side, it should take action to balance short-term interests and long-term development.

As far as the result is concerned, although the platform party has the right to set its own price, what they should at least do is to ensure that all charging items are open and transparent, and consumers can clearly know which services they are paying for; Ensure that the services provided match the fees charged, and avoid overcharging or hidden fees; Provide users with detailed information about services to help them understand the value and necessity of various services; Set reasonable charging standards to avoid frequent changes, so as to avoid confusion or dissatisfaction among consumers; Actively listen to users’ opinions and suggestions, and adjust the charging strategy in time to meet users’ needs.

After all, only by delineating the boundaries of services first can the charges become fairer and more transparent.

From epidemic prevention station to CDC

  Original title: From Epidemic Prevention Station to CDC

  Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, Beijing CDC at all levels, as a front-line professional force, has played an important role in fighting the epidemic. From the initial health and epidemic prevention station to today’s CDC, how did Beijing’s health and epidemic prevention work step into a new era of public health from a blank sheet of paper?

  Health and epidemic prevention stations were set up in 1950s.

  Before the founding of New China, Beijing’s health and epidemic prevention work was almost blank. Plague, cholera and smallpox all occurred and prevailed, and people’s lives and health were greatly endangered.

  After the founding of New China, Beijing attached great importance to health and epidemic prevention, quickly eliminated smallpox and relapsing fever and prevented the occurrence of plague and cholera. Infectious diseases such as diphtheria, whooping cough, measles and polio, which seriously endanger children’s health and life, have also been basically controlled. By the mid-1950s, the focus of health and epidemic prevention in the city had shifted to the prevention of measles, dysentery and Japanese encephalitis.

  In October 1953, Beijing Health and Epidemic Prevention Station was established and became the municipal epidemic prevention and health supervision department.

  What was the Beijing Health and Epidemic Prevention Station like at that time? On July 11th, 1955, Futang Zhu, a deputy to the National People’s Congress and a pediatrician, published an article entitled "I visited suburban rural areas and health and epidemic prevention work" in the 3rd edition of this newspaper, which wrote that there are three new buildings in the north of the Municipal Infectious Disease Hospital, one is the office of the Beijing Health and Epidemic Prevention Station, the other is the disinfection station, and the other is the passing room and disinfection treatment room. Designed by Soviet experts, it is specially designed to disinfect patients and clothes with infectious germs. It is divided into two parts, men and women, each with a registration room, a barber shop, a dressing room and a bathing room. The two clothes are sent to a central disinfection room from both sides. The high-pressure sterilizer in the disinfection room is as big as a locomotive. If the cotton-padded clothes are disinfected, 150 sets of cotton-padded clothes can be disinfected in about 30 minutes with 10 pounds of steam pressure.

  At that time, the function of Beijing Health and Epidemic Prevention Station was to inspect and supervise industrial hygiene, environmental hygiene, food hygiene and school hygiene on the one hand, and to investigate and deal with epidemics on the other hand, to organize large-scale vaccination work, and to organize the masses to carry out patriotic health campaigns and give technical guidance.

  Later, the city’s health and epidemic prevention institutions continued to improve and perfect, and district-level health and epidemic prevention stations were also established in various districts. However, due to the limited conditions, in 1950s, epidemic prevention stations in the whole city only carried out irregular supervision and inspection on the hygiene of fur and leather industry and high-temperature workshops and toxic workplaces in related industries with poor working conditions, as well as some food industries, cold drink manufacturing and selling industries, schools and other units, so the depth and breadth of hygiene and epidemic prevention need to be improved. (Beijing Daily, 1st edition, February 28, 1984, "Strengthening Health and Epidemic Prevention in this Municipality and Actively Building a Civilized and Healthy Capital")

  2. Organize patriotic health campaign

  Among the many tasks organized by health and epidemic prevention stations, the patriotic health campaign centered on "eliminating four pests" in the 1950s and 1960s is probably the most memorable one for the citizens.

  According to the newspaper’s 2nd edition of September 6th, 1956, "City and District Epidemic Prevention Stations are Vigorously Killing Mosquitoes and Flies", the city health and epidemic prevention station dispatched a large number of electric spray trucks and motorcycle spray trucks to kill mosquitoes and flies, among which the electric spray trucks only sprayed an area of more than 450,000 square meters in 45 days. Disinfectors in various districts also assisted relevant departments to use drugs to kill flies in garbage dumps and their surrounding households, and shared drugs to spray more than 1,000 houses and more than 30,000 square meters of garbage dumps. In rotten vegetable piles, residents’ outdoor toilets and septic tanks, the epidemic prevention station also uses drugs to kill maggots.

  In order to provide scientific basis for the city’s fly control and disease prevention work, the staff of Beijing Health and Epidemic Prevention Station conducted many investigations and studies on fly control. They set up fly index survey points, which are distributed in various parts of the city: some are located in institutions; Some are located next to public canteens; Some are located in the corner of the food processing workshop. Every month and every ten days, the staff should put the fly cages on each investigation point on time, and at the same time bring the caught flies back to the laboratory, identify them by species, register and analyze them respectively, understand the types, living habits and breeding laws of flies, and test the effect of pesticides. (Beijing Daily, 2nd edition, July 6, 1962, Investigation on Fly Killing in Municipal Health and Epidemic Prevention Station)

  City and district health and epidemic prevention stations also organized the masses to carry out rodent control activities. The staff of the health and epidemic prevention station investigated the distribution density and reproduction law of rats, summed up some methods and measures to eliminate rats, and promoted them to institutions, factories, schools and so on. Later, this work became a regular health work in the city. (Beijing Daily, 2nd edition, November 1, 1963, Achievements in Rodent Control in this Municipality)

  3 prevention and treatment of chronic diseases has gradually become the "highlight"

  With the development of the times, the focus of health and epidemic prevention in Beijing has also changed, paying more attention to how to improve people’s health.

  In June, 2000, based on the Beijing Health and Epidemic Prevention Station and other units, the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention was formally established, and its functions were expanded to prevent infectious diseases, chronic non-communicable diseases, common diseases of students, emergency response to public health emergencies, national health education, public health protection and many other contents. Since then, district-level CDC has also been established.

  The prevention and treatment of chronic diseases has gradually become the "highlight" of disease control. According to the 16th edition of "Beware of the rejuvenation of patients with chronic diseases" published by this newspaper on December 26th, 2001, since 1970s, the disease spectrum of Beijing residents has changed significantly, infectious diseases have been basically controlled, and chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and malignant tumors have become the main diseases threatening Beijing people’s health. In order to control the rising trend of chronic diseases, after 2000, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention established chronic disease demonstration sites in eight urban areas of the city, and selected representative residential communities to investigate five chronic diseases and behavioral risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, tumor, coronary heart disease and stroke.

  In 2002, the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention randomly selected 1,240 families from the whole city for nutritional and health status survey, and learned about the nutritional status of residents in this city and the incidence of chronic diseases related to it through daily food and nutrient intake, eating habits and other information. (Beijing Daily, 5th edition, August 19, 2002, Fine Calculation of Oil, Salt, Sauce and Vinegar)

  Under the scientific guidance of the disease control department, Beijing people’s health concept has become fashionable, and investing in health has become a fashion. Beijing National Physical Fitness Testing Center receives many citizens who come to test their physical fitness every day, spend some money to find out their physical fitness, and let experts tailor a fitness plan for themselves by the way. In the past, vaccination was a "patent" for children. After entering the new century, adults and the elderly have joined the army of injections, and preventing diseases before they happen has also become an investment. (Beijing Daily, 1st edition, October 7, 2002, "Beijingers live ten years longer than one year")

  4. Improvement of epidemic reporting system in SARS

  In 2003, the sudden SARS epidemic ravaged Beijing. As the main force of prevention and control, the disease control department bravely shouldered the heavy burden.

  On April 10, 2003, the first edition of "Extraordinary Warrior" recorded the scene of that year: it was late at night, and the Beijing CDC was still brightly lit. The 60 members of the SARS emergency team are still busy. Several hotlines on the desk kept ringing, citizens kept asking about SARS symptoms and prevention methods, and eight trained business backbones took pains to answer various questions. At the end of the day, everyone has to answer dozens or even hundreds of phone calls, and they are often too tired to even eat. In the health and epidemic prevention emergency command center, the monitoring reports of all districts and counties are collected at any time on the huge screen, and the epidemiological investigation team members summarize the information of the day. If a suspected SARS patient is admitted to the respiratory clinic of a hospital, the epidemic prevention personnel will arrive at the scene half an hour later, and track his upper-level source of infection and close contacts to cut off the source of infection.

  In April of that year, a strict epidemic reporting system was established in Beijing. Every hospital has a statistical reporter. The urban CDC should accurately report the epidemic situation to the municipal CDC within 6 hours, and the suburbs should complete this work within 12 hours. (Beijing Daily, 3rd edition, April 26, 2003, "The city has formed a perfect SARS epidemic reporting and prevention and control system")

  After SARS, great progress has been made in the construction of epidemic reporting system and system in Beijing. Chen Liquan, then director of the Dongcheng District CDC, said that the hospital could report the epidemic situation directly to the Ministry of Health through the computer network, and at the same time report it to the local grassroots CDC by telephone and fax for epidemiological investigation and handling. The double reporting system makes the information construction of disease control more perfect. (Beijing Daily, 2nd edition, October 13, 2003, "Prevention must be based on SARS")

  5. Establish a four-level early warning of infectious diseases.

  Due to the continuous discovery of new pathogens and related infectious diseases around the world, the situation of health and disease prevention is grim. Beijing is also striving to build a perfect public health safety system and continuously improve its ability to respond to public health emergencies.

  In November 2004, the Emergency Plan for Public Health Emergencies in Beijing was issued, which consists of the emergency plans for public health emergencies such as influenza, avian influenza, plague, cholera and hepatitis, and food poisoning and acute occupational poisoning. The epidemic situation of infectious diseases is divided into four levels according to different intensities, with particularly serious infectious diseases as the first level, major infectious diseases as the second level and major infectious diseases as the third level. The general epidemic situation of infectious diseases is Grade IV, and the corresponding designated hospitals are enabled according to the early warning level, and the corresponding number of beds are enabled according to the intensity of the epidemic, and the clinically diagnosed and suspected patients are treated respectively. (Beijing Daily, 1st edition, November 5, 2004, "Outbreaks will be divided into four levels of early warning")

  In 2005, Haidian took the lead in launching a public health safety broadcasting system in China, which provided early warning of infectious diseases, food poisoning, occupational poisoning and drinking water pollution incidents according to various public health events over the years. (Beijing Daily, 6th edition, February 28th, 2005, "Public Health Safety Broadcasting System Launched in Haidian")

  Drawing lessons from SARS, Beijing’s public health construction has been carried out step by step. Since then, Beijing has taken the lead in the prevention and control of avian influenza, influenza, norovirus and hand, foot and mouth disease. Today’s Beijing has entered a new era of public health.

  (Text: Jia Xiaoyan’s historical data: Jingbao Group graphic database, Xinhua News Agency)

First bottoming out, then rising —— Predicting the trend of domestic interest rate in the next few quarters

Full text10074Words, reading takes abouttwentyminute

Macro Team of Wencaixin Research Institute

Wu Chaoming and Hu Wenyan 

Core view 

How will the domestic interest rate, especially the yield of ten-year treasury bonds, be interpreted in the future? The market has little disagreement on the medium and long-term trend. Most people think that the interest rate will follow the shift of GDP, especially the nominal GDP growth rate, and show an overall downward trend. However, the market has great differences and different judgments on the short-term trend in the next few quarters.

1. China’s interest rate analysis framework: fundamental factors such as economic growth and inflation dominate the direction of interest rate change, while other factors such as financial supervision policies and exchange rates affect the fluctuation range of interest rates.One isIn the medium and long term, the yield trend of domestic ten-year government bonds is basically consistent with the growth rate of nominal GDP and the running trend of inventory cycle, indicating that the trend of domestic interest rates is mainly dominated by fundamental factors such as economic growth and prices.The second isAfter the international financial crisis in 2008, the goal of financial stability has also become an important factor affecting interest rates. In the cycle of stable economic growth, especially economic recovery, strict supervision and the policy tendency of reducing leverage will lead to a significant increase in market interest rates.The third isInterest rates will also be affected by exchange rates, supply and demand of funds and other factors. For example, the continuous interest rate hike by the Federal Reserve will restrict the domestic monetary easing space, and the demand for funds exceeding supply will also raise the level of interest rate centers.

Second, the trend of domestic interest rates in the next few quarters: it is expected that the fluctuation will bottom out first, and then the probability of recovery will be too high.

First, from the perspective of interest rate analysis framework, the yield of 10-year government bonds may bottom out first and then rise.First,The probability of weak economic recovery in the second half of the year is too high, which determines that it is difficult for interest rates to rise sharply in the short term, or to bottom out first, but after the economy is confirmed to stabilize and rise, interest rates will tend to rise;Secondly,Affected by factors such as the resonant upward trend of pig grain price, high oil price, recovery of consumer demand and abundant liquidity, it is expected that CPI will continue to fluctuate around or even above 3% from the second half of this year to the first half of next year, which will support the upward trend of interest rates;Third,The continuous upside-down spread between China and the United States and the transformation from a wide currency to a wide credit will also increase the upward pressure on domestic interest rates.

Second, from a quantitative point of view, the current yield of ten-year government bonds is lower than the desired interest rate, and it is only a matter of time before it gradually converges upward in the future.

Third, based on the historical experience in 2012 and 2019, the interest rate cut on the eve of economic recovery will help the interest rate to decline slightly in the short term. However, if there is no unexpected impact, after the interest rate cut boots land and the economic confirmation stabilizes, the interest rate will enter the recovery channel.In July this year, the domestic economy recovered weakly, which led the central bank to cut interest rates unexpectedly in August. If the real estate recovery continues to fall short of expectations, the possibility of cutting interest rates again will not be ruled out. However, with the steady growth policy taking effect, the probability of China’s credit demand bottoming out and economic recovery improving in the future is increasing, and the trend of interest rate bottoming out in the next few quarters is more clear.

Risk warning:Real estate recovery continued to fall short of expectations, and the overseas economy went down more than expected.

main body

Since the beginning of this year, the domestic market interest rate has experienced two obvious downturns: First, in April-May, 2022, in the face of the severe impact on the economy brought by the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the rebound of the epidemic, the central bank greatly increased the liquidity supply to boost the demand for entity financing and support the economic recovery as soon as possible. The domestic short-term market interest rate DR007 dropped from about 2.1% in the first quarter to around 1.5%, which was about 60BP lower than the policy interest rate in the same period (see Figure 1). Second, from July to August, due to the unexpected economic recovery, especially the overall weakening of financial and economic data in July, and the prominent problem of insufficient effective social demand, the central bank unexpectedly cut interest rates in mid-August, pushing the interest rate of DR007 down from about 1.9% at the end of June to the historical low of 1.3% during the outbreak of the epidemic in 2020, and the yield of 10-year government bonds also broke through the low point in the same period to further open up the downside (see Figure 1-2).

Looking forward to the future, the market has little difference on the medium and long-term trend, and most people think that the interest rate will follow the shift of GDP, especially the nominal GDP growth rate, showing an overall downward trend, but the market has great differences and different judgments on the trend in the next few quarters. Therefore, based on the interest rate analysis framework and quantitative analysis, this paper studies the trend of domestic interest rates in the next few quarters.

First, China’s interest rate analysis framework

(1) The interest rate level is mainly dominated by fundamental factors such as economic growth and prices.

According to the People’s Bank Law, the ultimate goal of China’s monetary policy is to "maintain the stability of the currency and promote economic growth". As a big country economy, China’s monetary policy is dominated by me. Interest rate is one of the key tools to achieve the goal of monetary policy, so the formulation of domestic interest rate policy and the trend of interest rate level mainly depend on economic fundamental factors such as economic growth and prices in the medium and long term.

First, the trend of domestic interest rate is basically consistent with the growth rate of nominal GDP and the running trend of inventory cycle.Inventory cycle describes the periodic change of enterprise inventory for about 40 months, which can be used to help judge the strength of economic growth because of its strong correlation with nominal economic growth (see Figure 3). Since 2003, China has experienced a total of five complete inventory cycles, and is currently in the sixth cycle of the inventory cycle (see Figure 4). Generally speaking, the upward cycle of inventory often corresponds to the recovery stage of interest rate, that is, the bear market in the bond market, and vice versa. However, it is worth noting that the peak and trough of interest rate and inventory cycle are only similar at the time point, but not completely consistent. In most cases, interest rate is slightly ahead of the latter to peak or bottom. On the one hand, this stems from the fact that the growth rate of inventory lags behind the economic growth slightly (see Figure 3), and on the other hand, it is also related to the interest rate being affected by other factors such as investors’ expectations. In addition, there is no fixed proportional relationship between interest rate fluctuation range and inventory fluctuation range, and they only have the same trend, indicating that economic growth is not the only factor determining interest rate.

Second, there is a strong correlation between interest rate trend and inflation gap in history, but the correlation tends to weaken in recent years.In order to stabilize inflation and its expectation, China will put forward this year’s CPI growth target in the government work report every year. If the price deviates far from the above target value, monetary policy will take effective measures to promote the price to return to the target center. From the practical experience, before 2013, the yield of domestic ten-year government bonds and the inflation gap (CPI growth rate-government target growth rate) basically changed synchronously, and the correlation between them was very strong (see Figure 5). However, after 2013, due to the obvious reduction of domestic CPI fluctuation, the inflation gap basically fluctuated around 0, the monetary policy was weakened by price constraints, and the correlation between the inflation gap and the yield of 10-year government bonds was also obviously weakened. If we consider the relationship between the comprehensive inflation index weighted by CPI and PPI and the yield of 10-year treasury bonds, the correlation between the two has also weakened after 2013, and the peaks and valleys of the two are close at the time point but no longer completely consistent (see Figure 6). On the whole, when the inflationary pressure is high, the interest rate is more constrained by the price, which is more consistent with the price trend, and vice versa, which shows that inflation is one of the important factors in determining the interest rate.

(B) After the international financial crisis in 2008, financial stability has also become an important factor affecting interest rates.

After the financial crisis in 2008, the major central banks in the world learned the lesson that monetary policy only focused on inflation targets and paid insufficient attention to financial stability, and began to focus on improving the financial regulatory framework and strengthening macro-prudential management, and their attention to financial stability targets increased significantly. In terms of macro-prudential management framework construction, the Bank of China is at the forefront of global central banks, and further accelerates the improvement of the dual-pillar regulatory framework of monetary policy and macro-prudential policy after the crisis. Among them, the former focuses on maintaining economic and price stability, while the latter focuses on maintaining financial stability. Under the background of resolving financial risks and maintaining the stability of macro leverage ratio, financial regulatory policies have also become an important factor affecting the level of domestic interest rates. During the period of steady economic growth, especially during the economic recovery cycle, strict supervision and the policy tendency of reducing leverage will lead the market interest rate to rise. For example, in 2013-2014 and 2016-2018, two rounds of domestic interest rates went up, and the tightening of financial supervision was one of the main reasons.

First, the above two rounds of interest rate hikes are in the rising stage of inventory cycle and nominal GDP growth rate (see Figure 4), indicating that economic stabilization and recovery is an important prerequisite for interest rate hikes.However, if we look at the constant price GDP growth rate and CPI growth rate indicators, they have basically changed little during the period (see Figure 7), reflecting that there is no overheating risk in the economy, and fundamental factors are not enough to support a sharp rise in interest rates. The central bank’s working paper "Natural Interest Rate in China" has also reached a similar conclusion, that is, except for a slight decline around 2015, the domestic output gap in 2012-2019 is close to zero (see Figure 8), indicating that the economic operation is generally stable.

Second, the rapid rise of interest rates in mid-2013 and the end of 2016 is closely related to the shift of monetary policy to deleveraging to prevent risks and the tightening of regulatory policies.During the above two rounds of interest rate hikes, the growth rate of leverage ratio in the financial sector declined (see Figure 9). Among them, in 2013, in order to strictly control banks’ off-balance-sheet loans (such as trust loans) to promote the disorderly expansion of non-standard assets (see Figure 10), and to prevent the rapid growth of interbank business from idling funds within the financial system and increasing the risk of maturity mismatch, the regulatory authorities issued a series of regulatory measures, such as the Notice on Regulating the Investment Operation of Commercial Banks’ wealth management business (referred to as Circular No.8), which forced financial institutions to strengthen liquidity management and added a "default door" for a bank. In 2016, as the economy entered a new round of upward channel, and there were many problems of leverage and capital idling in the financial market, the primary goal of domestic monetary policy gradually shifted from steady growth to risk prevention. At the same time, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China took preventing and resolving major risks as the first of the three tough battles. In October 2016, the Politburo meeting clearly put forward "focusing on curbing asset bubbles and preventing economic and financial risks". In November 2017, new regulations on asset management were introduced, which started the domestic financial deleveraging campaign, and the leverage ratio growth rate of financial institutions increased from 20 in early 2016.

Looking back at the above two rounds of interest rate upward cycles, it is inseparable from the tightening of financial supervision policies. The deep-seated reason behind it is that when the economy is under great downward pressure, the central bank will often implement a loose policy of "releasing water to raise fish" to stimulate the economic recovery. At that time, the market liquidity is abundant but the return of the real economy is low, and the phenomenon of "asset shortage" is prominent, resulting in excess funds speculating on various virtual assets, chasing high-term spread assets, amplifying financial leverage and pushing up financial risks. However, when the economy starts to stabilize and rebound, the regulatory authorities will take the initiative to tighten monetary policy, resolve the risks bred in the early stage and reduce the policy sequelae, thus pushing interest rates upward. Therefore, the interest rate recovery is often in the period after the growth rate of social financing has recovered for a period of time or at the stage of bottoming out, that is, after the economy has stabilized and recovered, the convergence of liquidity at this time will also lead to the bottoming out of credit spreads (see Figure 11).

(3) The interest rate level will also be affected by other factors such as exchange rate, capital supply and demand.

First, monetary policy should not only achieve internal balance, but also take into account external balance, especially with the continuous improvement of China’s capital market opening level, it is necessary to maintain the basic stability of the RMB exchange rate at a reasonable and balanced level, so exchange rate factors have certain constraints on the central bank’s interest rate policy, although this constraint tends to weaken with the increase of exchange rate flexibility.According to "impossible trinity" theory, monetary policy must give up some independence when allowing capital to flow freely and keeping the exchange rate relatively stable. For example, when the Fed enters the interest rate hike cycle, the US dollar index strengthens, attracting international capital to return; If other economies do not follow the tightening of monetary policy, they will often face greater capital outflow and exchange rate depreciation pressure, thus aggravating the domestic capital market turmoil.

From the domestic practical experience, from 1989 to 2019, the Federal Reserve started four interest rate hike cycles, in which the domestic interest rate increased in different degrees three times, and only in 1999-2000 did China keep the interest rate unchanged (see Figure 12).The main reason why the interest rate did not move was that the GDP growth rate dropped from 9.1% in the fourth quarter of 1989 to 6.7% in the fourth quarter of 1999, and the sharp economic downturn did not support monetary tightening. In 2022, the Federal Reserve started the interest rate hike cycle again, and the domestic monetary policy was "I-oriented", which lowered interest rates, partly due to the increase in exchange rate flexibility, which improved the flexibility and operational space of monetary policy, but this did not mean that domestic monetary policy was not affected and constrained by the Fed’s interest rate hike.

Second, the supply and demand of funds will have an impact on the short-term fluctuation of interest rates.If the money supply and social financing scale represent the macro-level social capital supply and demand respectively, then the difference between the growth rate of social financing and money supply indicates the relative change of capital demand and supply. The bigger the difference, the more the demand for funds exceeds the supply, the more obvious the tension of funds in the market, and the more the interest rate of funds will rise, and vice versa. Empirical data does confirm this point. Since 2015, the difference (social financing growth rate -M2 growth rate) and the yield of 10-year government bonds have fluctuated obviously and have a high correlation (see Figure 13).

An interesting phenomenon is that since 2011, the 10-year bond yield has a high linkage with social financing, but the correlation with the change of money supply has obviously decreased (see Figure 14).Theoretically speaking, the growth rate of M2 should be inversely related to the interest rate, but this relationship is obviously weakened after 2011. The main reasons behind this are as follows: On the one hand, with the acceleration of domestic interest rate marketization, coupled with the rapid development of financial innovation and disintermediation, China’s monetary control mode is gradually shifting from monetary quantity control to price control, which leads to the weakening of the correlation between money supply and economic growth and interest rate level; On the other hand, the money supply M2 reflects more how strong the countercyclical policy is than the growth of the real economy. Different from M2, the yield of 10-year treasury bonds is consistent with the growth rate of social financing, which reflects that the domestic interest rate depends more on the financing demand of the real economy, and the financing demand is behind the growth of the real economy, especially the strong and weak changes of domestic demand. In the final analysis, economic growth is still the decisive force leading the trend of medium and long-term interest rates.

(4) Summary

To sum up, the domestic interest rate level is determined by the multiple objectives of monetary policy, but the core factors that affect our interest rate level at present are still economic growth and inflation, and with the obvious slowdown of domestic price fluctuations in recent years, the former plays a leading role in determining the direction of interest rate changes. In addition, factors such as financial stability and exchange rate can not dominate the direction of interest rate changes, but will strengthen the trend of interest rate changes and increase its fluctuation range. When the economy is in the recovery channel, financial risk prevention and other goals will push interest rates up; When the economy is in a downward cycle, financial risk prevention, exchange rate stability and other goals need to make way for economic growth, and interest rates generally fluctuate and fall.

Second, the short-term trend of domestic interest rates: first, the fluctuation bottomed out, and then the probability of recovery was too high.

(A) Based on the interest rate analysis framework: the yield of 10-year treasury bonds may bottom out first and then rise.

1. The probability of weak economic recovery in the second half of the year is too high, which makes it difficult for interest rates to rise sharply in the short term.

Whether the PPI price index has dropped first or the current replenishment time has reached the highest level in history, it is a high probability event for China to enter a new round of destocking cycle in the future (see Figure 15). What needs to be pointed out here is that since 2021, the growth rate of domestic inventory has been greatly deviated from the growth rate of GDP and the trend of interest rate level, that is, while enterprises replenish inventory, the economic growth rate has dropped rapidly and sharply, and the interest rate has also dropped (see Figure 16). The reason is that the macro-and micro-policies have been tightened simultaneously in 2021, which has led to the rapid and substantial reduction of the leverage ratio of entities (see Figure 17). Coupled with the epidemic disturbance this year, demand has shrunk rapidly and inventory has been passively improved. Therefore, to judge the future trend of economy and interest rate, we need to comprehensively consider many factors such as inventory cycle, epidemic situation and counter-cyclical policy, and we can’t just observe one indicator of inventory cycle.

It is expected that the probability of weak economic fundamentals in the second half of the year is too high, which makes it difficult for interest rates to rise sharply.First, with the marginal alleviation of the short-term impact of the epidemic, the recovery of people flow and logistics, and the slight stabilization and recovery of the growth rate of social integration, the leading indicator of the economy (see Figure 18-19), the marginal recovery of the domestic economic growth rate in the second half of the year can be expected from the "deep pit" of 0.4% (constant price) in the second quarter. Second, the inventory cycle has entered a new round of decline channel, which will inevitably restrict the economic recovery. Third, although the growth rate of domestic social integration has stabilized and rebounded, the structure mainly relies on the financial front, and the credit growth rate is still falling, reflecting that the problem of insufficient effective social demand is severe and the economic recovery should not be overestimated. Looking at the extended cycle, China’s credit growth has been difficult in recent years, mainly due to the weakening trend of infrastructure and real estate, which used to have a large credit demand (see Figure 20), while the demand for other loans with relatively small volume is difficult to make up for the credit demand gap, which leads to the decline or normalization of China’s credit growth rate during the shift of new and old kinetic energy, which also means that the mode of stimulating economic growth by financial expansion is unsustainable, and it is necessary to cultivate new kinetic energy and new social purchasing power, create new credit demand, and smoothly spend the shift of growth rate.

2. Short-term inflationary pressure rises, which supports the upward trend of interest rates.

According to historical experience, when the domestic prices of pigs, oil and grain rise in resonance, the inflationary pressure tends to be greater (continuously exceeding the inflation target of 3%). On the contrary, if the prices of pigs and oil hedge each other and the food price is moderate, the inflation risk is relatively small and the time for the price to continue to rise is relatively short (see Figure 21).

Looking into the future, influenced by factors such as the resonant upward trend of pig food prices, the high oil prices, the recovery of consumer demand and abundant liquidity, it is expected that CPI will continue to fluctuate around 3% or even above 3% from the second half of this year to the first half of next year, which will support the upward trend of interest rates.

First, a new round of "pig cycle" has been launched, and this round of pig price increase is second only to the African swine fever period in 2019.Historical experience shows that each round of "pig cycle" in China lasts about four years, and the first 1.5-2 years are the upward period of prices. In April this year, the domestic pork price went down to the stage low point, which is about four years from the starting point of the last cycle. Since May, the pig price has continued to rise, indicating that a new round of "pig cycle" has started, and it may usher in an upward period of more than one year in the future. Judging from the increase of this round of pig cycle, due to the weak demand recovery and the slow speed of supply, it is expected that the increase of pig price in this round will hardly exceed that of African swine fever in 2019. However, at the end of July, the average price of pork in 22 provinces and cities has risen to 29 yuan/kg, and extreme weather may have a certain negative impact on the supply of pigs. In the future, the pig price will probably continue to rise moderately (see Figure 22), and the increase is expected to exceed several rounds of pig cycles that began in 2006, 2010 and 2014.

Second, the rise of international food prices is superimposed on extreme weather, and the risk of food price fluctuation in China may increase in the future.Benefiting from the low dependence of China’s three staple foods on foreign countries and sufficient domestic stocks, the increase in international food prices in the first half of the year has relatively little impact on China, which mainly drives domestic CPI through cost channels. However, two factors may increase the risk of food price fluctuation in China in the future. First, the negative impact of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict on global food prices, such as reduced grain production, rising grain production costs and slowing food trade, has yet to be revealed. In addition, the rise of food protectionism (the number of countries that issued food export bans in 2022 was as high as 24, second only to the 28 in 2008 food crisis), it is hard to say that the warning of future global food crisis has been lifted. Second, the impact of extreme weather on the global and China’s food prices may have increased: on the one hand, according to the statistics of the United States Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, July this year was the second hottest July in the world since statistics were available in 1880, and China also ushered in the hottest summer since statistics were available in 1961. It is expected that the negative impact of high temperature and dry weather on food production will gradually emerge; On the other hand, the US Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration predicts that there is a 60% probability that La Nina will continue from December 2022 to February 2023, which means that a rare "triple" La Nina climate event may occur this year, and the world will face the test of cold winter, or further push up the global and Chinese food prices (see Figure 23-24).

Third, international oil prices may continue to fluctuate at a high position, and China’s imported inflationary pressure still exists.For example, geopolitical conflicts and global energy transformation will restrict the improvement of this round of crude oil supply, and the cold winter weather is expected to partially hedge the impact of the decline in crude oil demand brought about by the global economic downturn. It is expected that oil prices will fluctuate at a high position in a high probability during the year.

Fourth, abundant domestic liquidity and improved consumer demand will also support the rise of CPI center. On the one hand,Economic recovery after the epidemic is conducive to reducing the unemployment rate and increasing residents’ income, thus boosting residents’ consumption ability and willingness. In addition, after the epidemic is controlled, the consumption scene has improved, and residents have accumulated rich savings in the early stage (see Figure 25), which has accumulated energy for future consumption demand recovery.On the other hand,Since the second half of last year, the domestic money supply has been loose, and the growth rate of M2 has increased from a low of 8.2% in August last year to 12% in July this year, which is much higher than the nominal GDP growth rate, setting a new high since the outbreak, and will also support the rise of CPI center.

3. The continuous upside-down spread between China and the United States and the transformation of wide currency into wide credit will also increase the upward pressure on interest rates.

First, the spread between China and the United States may remain upside down for a long time, which will increase the upward pressure on interest rates through exchange rate channels.Affected by high inflation, the Fed has raised interest rates four times during the year, raising the target interest rate of the federal funds from 0-0.25% to 2.25-2.5% (see Figure 26), and the Fed is still on the way to continue raising interest rates during the year. During the same period, the pressure of steady growth of domestic economy was great, and interest rates were cut twice during the year. The dislocation of financial cycles between China and the United States deepened, and the yields of 10-year government bonds of the two countries continued to be upside down. This trend will continue in the short term. According to historical experience, the falling or even upside-down spread between China and the United States will increase the depreciation of the RMB exchange rate and the pressure of capital outflow (see Figure 27). In order to take into account the external balance, domestic monetary policy easing will be restrained to some extent.

Second, with the transformation from a wide currency to a wide credit, it will also restrict the downside of interest rates.Since the beginning of this year, domestic real estate-related credit has shrunk sharply, and the proportion of new real estate loans to all new credit has turned negative in the second quarter (see Figure 28), indicating that the repayment scale of residents and housing enterprises has exceeded the amount of real estate loans lent by banks. Affected by this, the transmission of domestic wide money to wide credit has been impeded. In July, the difference between the growth rate of social financing and the growth rate of M2 hit a new low since statistics were available (see Figure 14). However, in the future, the positive factors have increased significantly. For example, after the 5-year LPR interest rate was lowered by 15BP again on August 22, the domestic personal housing loan interest rate may have been lower than the 2016 low, only slightly higher than that after the 2008 financial crisis. Generally speaking, the mortgage interest rate is about 6 months ahead of the growth rate of real estate loans. Since the beginning of this year, the domestic mortgage interest rate has continued to fall rapidly, which indicates that the growth rate of real estate loans is expected to gradually stabilize and pick up in the future (see Figure 29). With the gradual recovery of real estate credit from a very low position and the continuous efforts of "one city, one policy", the transformation from wide currency to wide credit is expected to accelerate, which will restrict the downward space of interest rates in the future.

To sum up, the economic recovery is weak and the regulatory policies are difficult to tighten, but the inflationary pressure is increasing, the spread between China and the United States continues to be upside down, and the wide currency is transformed into wide credit. It is expected that the interest rate will have limited room for further decline in the current position. In the next few quarters, the domestic 10-year national debt income will be the first to oscillate and bottom out, and the probability of rising later is too high.

(B) Based on quantitative analysis: the current yield of 10-year treasury bonds is lower than the desired interest rate, and the high probability gradually converges upward.

In the medium and long term, the market interest rate should be equivalent to the desirable interest rate level that can not only ensure the economic operation at the potential output level, but also achieve the goals of price stability, full employment and financial stability. In this paper, the general Taylor rule method is used to measure the desirable interest rate level in China, and it is compared with the market interest rate to see whether there is overshoot at present, and thus to judge the future market interest rate trend.

According to Taylor rule, the interest rate level is mainly determined by inflation gap and output gap. With the diversification of the central bank’s monetary policy objectives and the development of financial markets, we add exchange rate and social financing scale factors to the basic Taylor rule to fit and measure the current acceptable level of China’s 10-year national debt yield. Taylor’s rule regression equation shows that the current yield level of ten-year treasury bonds is obviously lower than the desired interest rate level (see Figure 30), which means that the interest rate level is lower than the desired interest rate level that matches the current economic growth, prices, exchange rate and liquidity. According to past experience, when the interest rate gap (market interest rate-desirable interest rate) falls below -0.4%, the probability of market interest rate converging upward to desirable interest rate is greater, and it is only a matter of time before the market interest rate rises in the future.

(3) Based on historical experience: If there is no unexpected impact, the interest rate will fall first and then rise after the interest rate cut boots land.

No matter from the economic fundamentals or quantitative point of view, we all think that the interest rate will converge marginally in the future with a high probability, but the market is still skeptical about whether the interest rate will really go up. There is an important reason behind it, that is, the economic data in July was significantly less than expected, and after the loan suspension risk incident, the central bank unexpectedly lowered the policy interest rates of MLF and OMO on August 15, which rekindled the market’s expectation of starting a new round of interest rate reduction cycle in China.

Historical experience does show that after the central bank cuts interest rates continuously, the market interest rate will tend to decline in the short term, but it also shows that as long as the credit data improves and the economy gradually stabilizes after the interest rate cut, the yield of 10-year government bonds will open the recovery channel after the interest rate cut boots land. For example, in 2012 and 2019, there were unexpected interest rate cuts, but after that, interest rates rebounded with the improvement of the economy, rather than falling. Therefore, there is great uncertainty about whether to continue to cut interest rates after cutting interest rates, depending on the marginal changes in economic fundamentals.

1. In 2012, interest rates were cut twice in a row: the yield of ten-year government bonds only dropped by 14BP, and then the journey of recovery began.

After the second quarter of 2011, the domestic economy continued to slow down. However, because the CPI has been above 3%, the central bank is cautious in cutting interest rates, mainly by lowering the RRR to hedge the downward pressure on the economy (see Figure 31-32). Until mid-2012, with the CPI growth rate falling below 3%, coupled with the superimposed influence of the economic downturn, repeated wide credit (see Figure 33) and the further intensification of the European debt crisis caused by bank runs in overseas Greece, the central bank cut interest rates twice in June and July respectively (see Figure 32). After two interest rate cuts, the cumulative maximum downward rate of 10-year treasury bond yield is about 14BP. However, as the credit growth rate announced after the interest rate cut returned to the upward trend, the economy gradually confirmed its stabilization, and the yield of 10-year government bonds began to turn upside down, starting an upward cycle (see Figure 32-33).

2. Unexpected interest rate cut in 2019: The yield of ten-year government bonds fell by about 9BP, and the downside was reopened after the outbreak of the epidemic.

After the second half of 2018, the domestic economy continued to slow down, and the CPI growth rate was less than 3% in the same period (see Figure 34). In order to prevent financial risks, the central bank was more cautious about interest rate cuts, and also chose to lower the RRR first to hedge the downward pressure on the economy (4 RRR cuts in 2018 and 5 RRR cuts in 2019), which promoted the growth rate of domestic social integration and credit to continue to rise to March 2019. However, due to the escalation of trade friction and the occurrence of risk events such as Baoshang Bank, the domestic credit contraction pressure increased significantly in 2019, and the credit growth rate dropped again after the first quarter of the same year. At the same time, the PMI index was below 50% of threshold for six consecutive months, and the downward pressure on the economy increased (see Figure 35-36). Therefore, although the CPI growth rate broke through 3% from September to October in 2019 (the soaring pork price increased the structural inflationary pressure), after the PMI fell to 49.3% in October, hitting an eight-month low, the central bank cut the MLF interest rate by 5BP in early November (see Figure 35). After the interest rate cut, the yield of 10-year treasury bonds dropped by about 9BP, and then gradually stabilized. At the end of December, the COVID-19 outbreak broke out in China, which further reopened the downward space of interest rates (see Figure 35).

To sum up, during the economic downturn in 2012 and 2019, the central bank was cautious about cutting interest rates at first. However, due to some unexpected risk events, continuous credit contraction and sustained downward pressure on the economy, the central bank still took interest rate cuts at the end of the economic downturn, and the timing of interest rate cuts exceeded market expectations. Both rounds of interest rate cuts pushed interest rates down slightly in the short term, but in 2012, as the economy stabilized, interest rates quickly turned upward, and the outbreak of the epidemic in 2019 further opened up the downside of interest rates.

Similar to 2012 and 2019, in 2022, the central bank was also cautious about comprehensively lowering the policy interest rate. For example, after the interest rate was cut by 10BP in January 2022, despite the unexpected rebound of domestic epidemic in the second quarter, the central bank did not immediately reduce the policy interest rate. It was not until July that the economy turned downward again on the way to recovery and there were twists and turns in credit easing that the central bank cut interest rates again beyond expectations (see Figure 37-38). According to the experience of two rounds of interest rate cuts that exceeded expectations in 2012 and 2019, if the domestic economy gradually stabilizes in the short term, the transformation from wide currency to wide credit accelerates, and the yield of 10-year government bonds drops slightly, the recovery channel will be gradually started; If there is an unexpected risk event, such as the real estate recovery continues to be less than expected, the risk spreads to other fields or even systemic risks, it is also expected that the central bank will cut interest rates quickly, continuously and substantially, and the interest rate center is expected to drop significantly again until the economy stabilizes, but at present, this probability is too small.

(4) Summary

Based on the analysis of the above three perspectives, it is estimated that the yield of domestic 10-year government bonds will probably bottom out first and then rise in the next few quarters:1)The weak recovery of domestic economy does not support a sharp rise in interest rates in the short term, and even does not rule out the possibility of cutting interest rates again. However, with the increasing pressure to stabilize prices and exchange rates, the constraints on monetary easing are also obvious. In addition, with the transformation from a wide currency to a wide credit, the probability of China’s credit demand bottoming out and economic recovery improving in the future will increase. It is only a question of whether the recovery speed or slope can be as expected, and the trend of interest rate recovery is relatively clear.2)At present, the domestic market interest rate has been much lower than the desired interest rate level, and it is only a matter of time before it converges upward;3)Historical experience shows that the interest rate cut on the eve of economic recovery will help the interest rate to decline slightly in the short term, but if there is no unexpected impact, after the interest rate cut boots land and the economy is confirmed to stabilize, the interest rate will open a recovery channel.

In addition, the current real interest rate level in China is not high, and monetary policy is constrained by insufficient demand. The effect of monetary easing on stimulating economic growth is limited, but it may bring more sequelae. Unless it encounters extreme unexpected shocks, it is not necessary to continue to loosen the currency substantially. First, China’s real interest rate (nominal interest rate minus inflation rate) has been continuously lower than the actual economic growth rate. Governor Yi Gang of the Central Bank pointed out in the article "Interest Rate System and Interest Rate Marketization Reform in China" that the real interest rate R after inflation adjustment should be equal to the real economic growth rate G. However, most of the time, the real interest rate in China is lower than the actual economic growth rate, which tends to distort the allocation of financial resources and bring about inflation, asset price bubbles, idle funds and other problems. At present, the real interest rate of RMB loans in China has been at a low level below 1.5% for five consecutive quarters (see Figure 39), and the growth rate has been lower than the real GDP except for the second quarter of this year. Second, the core contradiction facing China’s economy at present is insufficient effective demand. Monetary easing is constrained by banks’ reluctance to borrow and enterprises’ reluctance to borrow, and it is difficult for monetary policy to promote the "soft rope". Therefore, fiscal policy needs more efforts. Monetary policy should cooperate with fiscal policy to provide suitable liquidity and financing environment, and blindly easing will not help accelerate the optimization and adjustment of the current economic structure.

   This article was first published on WeChat WeChat official account: Seeing the Macro. The content of the article belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hexun.com’s position. Investors should operate accordingly, at their own risk.

(Editor: Song Zheng HN002)

Consumer vouchers show a "multiplier effect". Hangzhou has driven consumption by nearly one billion yuan in six days.

  Hangzhou announced today that on the basis of the previous first coupon, an additional 150 million yuan will be issued for the second coupon. The coupons for this issue will be distributed from 10: 00 am on April 3, and consumers can participate in the coupon collection activities from the entrance of Alipay homepage or by searching for "Hangzhou".

  There are 1.5 million additional coupons for the second phase, each of which includes 3 coupons for 45 yuan, 35 yuan and 20 yuan. Direct deduction of cash use through Alipay when paying offline at designated merchants, valid for 7 days. Users who have received the first coupon can also apply again.

  In the past few days, consumer vouchers have become the most popular keyword in Hangzhou except the epidemic, and they are also like a needle catalyst, igniting the enthusiasm of offline consumption in Hangzhou’s "post-epidemic era". In Hangzhou Century Lianhua No.1 Supermarket, the store was crowded with orderly consumers, and there was a long queue in front of the checkout counter. Ms. Wang, a citizen, received a coupon from 50 yuan the day before. "Milk, meat, eggs, and many daily necessities, most of them were originally bought. With the coupon, you can just buy more."

  Wu Jingli of Century Lianhua Qingchun Store said that many customers come with coupons, and under the incentive of coupons, they can obviously feel the rebound of passenger flow.

  It is reported that in the three days from March 27 to 29, the sales of Century Lianhua in Hangzhou exceeded 60 million yuan. "Coupons have boosted the sales of high-end aquatic products, beef, etc., and the increase in turnover is very obvious."

  Snack bars, supermarkets, shopping malls, gas stations &hellip; &hellip; Consumer vouchers have boosted consumption, and they can be seen in almost every field of living consumption in Hangzhou. More than 10,000 pieces of Hangzhou "Xianfeng Fruit" were written off on March 27th, the first issue, and the customer unit price increased from 30 yuan to 70 yuan. Joe Doo, the person in charge of the operation, said that as of March 29th, their store had written off more than 30,000 copies.

  Hangzhou Yonghui Supermarket also ushered in a business peak because of coupons. Jiang Yajing, head of Hangzhou regional brand of Yonghui Supermarket, said that after the issuance of consumer vouchers, the daily passenger flow of the supermarket exceeded 6,000, an increase of about 70% compared with last week. On the 27th, the number of customers who paid through Alipay transactions increased by nearly 100% compared with the previous day.

  Consumer vouchers undoubtedly played the role of a catalyst, so that the consumption power that was originally suppressed by the epidemic rose rapidly. According to the data of Hangzhou Bureau of Commerce, from the issuance of the first coupon on March 27 to 16:30 on April 1, the government subsidy of 66.95 million yuan has been paid, driving Hangzhou to spend 949 million yuan.

  Wang Jianming, dean of the School of Business Administration, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, believes that guiding the consumption direction, adjusting the consumption structure, and promoting the consumption upgrade, the "leverage effect" of consumer vouchers has achieved the greatest economic benefits in the most effective way.

  Sun Hao, a teacher at the School of Economics of Zhejiang Gongshang University, also believes that the "multiplier effect" of the expansion of consumer vouchers will help to activate and release the consumer demand suppressed by the epidemic, boost consumption and promote the economy.

  Since March, in addition to Hangzhou, governments in Guangxi, Nanjing, Hefei and other places have issued consumer vouchers through platforms such as Alipay. Jiaxing announced the issuance of 200 million yuan of consumer vouchers; Shaoxing will carry out nine consumption promotion actions and distribute 180 million yuan coupons to the public; Ningbo, county (city) governments and enterprises will jointly launch 100 million yuan of cultural and tourism vouchers for benefiting the people. The Zhejiang Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism said that through the linkage of provinces, cities and counties, a total of 1 billion yuan worth of travel coupons and 100 million yuan worth of travel coupons will be launched.

  "Promotion fees and expanding domestic demand are a lasting battle." Many experts have reminded that as a short-term emergency policy and means, consumer vouchers have a certain effect on stimulating the economy, especially consumption, but they will not play a long-term role. To really stimulate domestic demand, only by enhancing residents’ consumption confidence and ability, increasing residents’ income and reducing the national burden, "comprehensive measures and stabilizing consumption expectations can people really consume, be willing to consume and dare to consume." (China Youth Daily, Hangzhou, April 2 nd, Zhongqing Daily, Zhongqing Net reporter Dong Bishui)

Beijing CDC reminds: Do personal protection to reduce contact with others on the way back to Beijing.

  Cctv newsAt present, the domestic epidemic situation is scattered at many points, and the number of imported cases continues to increase, which further increases the risk of imported epidemic situations outside Beijing and outside Beijing. Some close contacts, on the way back to Beijing by train, plane and other public transport, are close to or overlap with the seats of the confirmed cases, because they wear N95 masks regularly, don’t eat, walk less and talk less, and do personal protection all the time, and finally they are not infected. Protect yourself and protect your family.

  The Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention reminded people returning to Beijing to raise their awareness of prevention and control and do a good job of personal protection on their way back to Beijing..

  Before returning to Beijing

   Personnel entering and returning to Beijing should strictly implement the epidemic prevention policy.Plan your trip in advance., minimize transit.

    Prepare enough protective materials such as masks and hand-washing-free disinfectants.

    It is not recommended to travel for people who feel unwell, especially those who have respiratory symptoms such as fever and cough. Especially for the elderly, pregnant women and special people with chronic diseases, it is recommended to ask professional doctors to evaluate their health before deciding whether to travel.

  On the way back to Beijing

    Personal protection throughout the process.. Adhere to scientific and standardized measures to prevent and control the normalized epidemic situation, such as wearing masks, washing hands frequently, often ventilating, and keeping a safe social distance.

   Cooperate with transportation departments such as railways, civil aviation, passenger transport, and road checkpoints, and strictly implement various prevention and control measures such as temperature measurement and code inspection and inspection of nucleic acid certificates in accordance with relevant regulations.

  ★ When waiting for a bus, try to wait in a well-ventilated space, and do not stay in a crowded, closed place with dirty air for a long time. Do a good job of personal protection.

    Pay attention to hand hygiene after using public facilities such as toilets and elevators.

    When taking airplanes, trains and other means of transportation,It is necessary to wear masks in a standardized way throughout the journey, minimize walking, reduce contact with others, and reduce the frequency of meals., reduce the risk of infection.

    When dining out, you should pay attention to eating at the wrong peak and choose a ventilated place to sit. Try to sit down at intervals or eat on the same side. When two or more people eat together, they should use public chopsticks and spoons.

  After returning to Beijing

   Those who enter and return to Beijing need to hold the negative nucleic acid certificate within 48 hours and the green code of "Beijing Health Treasure" to strictly abide by various epidemic prevention regulations.

   Personnel returning to Beijing in risk areas should take the initiative to report to communities, units, hotels and other departments in a timely manner and cooperate with various epidemic prevention measures such as isolation observation, health monitoring and nucleic acid detection.

   Carry out 3 days and 2 inspections.That is, one nucleic acid test is completed within 24 hours after arrival in Beijing, and the second nucleic acid test is completed within 72 hours after the interval of 24 hours.No dinner, no party or going to crowded places within 7 days.Do not visit relatives and friends, recommend online shopping, reduce going out before the negative result of nucleic acid test, and do personal protection when going out.

  ★ Pay close attention to the health of yourself and your family.Once you have symptoms such as fever, dry cough, fatigue, sore throat, decreased sense of smell, diarrhea, etc., don’t buy medicine by yourself, don’t take public transportation, and seek medical treatment in time according to regulations.